{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7129741663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894","title":"Effects of public health restrictions during the pandemic on Kuwait\u2019s equity market: An ARDL bounds testing approach","display_name":"Effects of public health restrictions during the pandemic on Kuwait\u2019s equity market: An ARDL bounds testing approach","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7129741663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894","pdf_url":"https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5009/article/download/5894/8695","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173693","display_name":"Asian Journal of Economic Modelling","issn_l":"2312-3656","issn":["2312-3656","2313-2884"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361074916","host_organization_name":"Conscientia Beam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361074916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Conscientia Beam"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Economic Modelling","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5009/article/download/5894/8695","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018664358","display_name":"Noor Aldeen Kassem Al-Alawnh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4575-7137","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4575-7137"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132651366","display_name":"World Islamic Sciences and Education University","ror":"https://ror.org/051mkwn17","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132651366"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noor Aldeen Kassem Al-Alawnh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Banking and Financial Sciences, Faculty of Finance and Business, The World Islamic Sciences and Education University (W.I.S.E), Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4575-7137","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Banking and Financial Sciences, Faculty of Finance and Business, The World Islamic Sciences and Education University (W.I.S.E), Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132651366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118396846","display_name":"Ibrahim Saleh AL-Radaideh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8606-9415","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8606-9415"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145380033","display_name":"Amman Arab University","ror":"https://ror.org/039xekb14","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145380033"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Saleh AL-Radaideh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finance and Banking Department, Amman Arab University, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8606-9415","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finance and Banking Department, Amman Arab University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145380033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080317282","display_name":"Laith Yousef Bani Hani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-1516","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-1516"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100887729","display_name":"Andhra University","ror":"https://ror.org/049skhf47","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100887729"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laith Yousef Bani Hani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Commerce and Management Studies, College of Arts and Management, Andhra University, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-1516","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Commerce and Management Studies, College of Arts and Management, Andhra University, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100887729"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118396847","display_name":"Mohammad ismail sulieman Alawamreh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-8047","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-8047"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405255219","display_name":"Putra Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/02re7jk37","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225","https://openalex.org/I4405255219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Ismail Sulieman Alawamreh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Accounting, Putra Business School, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-8047","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Accounting, Putra Business School, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405255219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045475233","display_name":"Thaer Ahmad Abutaber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4218-5042","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4218-5042"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27570832","display_name":"Jadara University","ror":"https://ror.org/001drnv35","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27570832"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abutaber Thaer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Accounting, Jadara University, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4218-5042","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Accounting, Jadara University, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27570832"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"120","last_page":"134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11711","display_name":"COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts","score":0.961899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11711","display_name":"COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts","score":0.961899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11059","display_name":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","score":0.03099999949336052,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10282","display_name":"Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-restrictions","display_name":"public health restrictions","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-pharmaceutical-interventions","display_name":"non-pharmaceutical interventions","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-closures","display_name":"school closures","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stay-at-home-orders","display_name":"stay-at-home orders","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travel-ban","display_name":"travel ban","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gathering-restrictions","display_name":"gathering restrictions","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s-p-500","display_name":"S&P 500","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-resilience","display_name":"market resilience","score":0.7480000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.711899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159009313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283159","display_name":"Distributed lag","level":2,"score":0.6327000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145162277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751675","display_name":"Cointegration","level":2,"score":0.6053000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5825999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5493999719619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.5489000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19244329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208697","display_name":"Financial market","level":2,"score":0.45249998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.37610000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178411942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622657","display_name":"Market failure","level":2,"score":0.36660000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121087249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546395","display_name":"Emerging markets","level":2,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781051278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6770814","display_name":"Market integration","level":2,"score":0.3109000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38731271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456272","display_name":"Private investment in public equity","level":4,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2250968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1512929","display_name":"Health equity","level":3,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143910263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750458","display_name":"Capital market","level":2,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149866677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384698","display_name":"Equity risk","level":3,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46578552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725393","display_name":"Global health","level":3,"score":0.2671999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.2671999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204208750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519415","display_name":"Short run","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894","pdf_url":"https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5009/article/download/5894/8695","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173693","display_name":"Asian Journal of Economic Modelling","issn_l":"2312-3656","issn":["2312-3656","2313-2884"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361074916","host_organization_name":"Conscientia Beam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361074916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Conscientia Beam"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Economic Modelling","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894","doi":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5009.v14i1.5894","pdf_url":"https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5009/article/download/5894/8695","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173693","display_name":"Asian Journal of Economic Modelling","issn_l":"2312-3656","issn":["2312-3656","2313-2884"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4361074916","host_organization_name":"Conscientia Beam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4361074916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Conscientia Beam"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Economic Modelling","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7129741663.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7129741663.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966910378","https://openalex.org/W1994045802","https://openalex.org/W2022540296","https://openalex.org/W2126322608","https://openalex.org/W3014807714","https://openalex.org/W3020637112","https://openalex.org/W3026812076","https://openalex.org/W3033699538","https://openalex.org/W3038694018","https://openalex.org/W3092996305","https://openalex.org/W3106203068","https://openalex.org/W3112133931","https://openalex.org/W3116716254","https://openalex.org/W3120887917","https://openalex.org/W3121579696","https://openalex.org/W3122042585","https://openalex.org/W3123689740","https://openalex.org/W3123908672","https://openalex.org/W3125380794","https://openalex.org/W3125524400","https://openalex.org/W3126644585","https://openalex.org/W3127342762","https://openalex.org/W3133074580","https://openalex.org/W3134867108","https://openalex.org/W3135257712","https://openalex.org/W3135751462","https://openalex.org/W3138895768","https://openalex.org/W3157930191","https://openalex.org/W3167281893","https://openalex.org/W3175012252","https://openalex.org/W3176094277","https://openalex.org/W3178464715","https://openalex.org/W3183699031","https://openalex.org/W3185121219","https://openalex.org/W3211404256","https://openalex.org/W4200006880","https://openalex.org/W4205297628","https://openalex.org/W4229046699","https://openalex.org/W4256216147","https://openalex.org/W4282919432","https://openalex.org/W4283458053","https://openalex.org/W4380373997"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3093154106","https://openalex.org/W4414318261","https://openalex.org/W4392347159","https://openalex.org/W4399296020","https://openalex.org/W4380373997","https://openalex.org/W4399087971","https://openalex.org/W3187455390","https://openalex.org/W4225988833","https://openalex.org/W4310092703","https://openalex.org/W4205285035"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39,61,98],"objective":[1],"of":[2,10,69,163,175,178],"this":[3,171],"study":[4,40,99,172],"was":[5],"to":[6,35,48,94,127,160],"examine":[7],"the":[8,15,18,29,42,52,65,89,106,110,116,121,176],"effects":[9],"public":[11,57,70,179],"health":[12,58,71,180],"restrictions":[13,59,72,95,181],"during":[14,141,166],"pandemic":[16,188],"on":[17,96,170,182],"equity":[19,54,90,112],"market":[20,55,86,91,129,139],"in":[21,84,197],"Kuwait":[22],"by":[23],"employing":[24],"daily":[25],"data":[26],"collected":[27],"over":[28],"period":[30],"from":[31],"January":[32],"23,":[33],"2020,":[34],"December":[36],"31,":[37],"2021.":[38],"used":[41],"Autoregressive":[43],"Distributed":[44],"Lag":[45],"(ARDL)":[46],"model":[47],"evidence":[49],"cointegration":[50],"between":[51,105],"Kuwaiti":[53,111,122],"and":[56,79,109,131,138,195],"(NPIs).":[60],"findings":[62],"indicate":[63],"that":[64,115],"long-term":[66],"adverse":[67],"impact":[68,177],"such":[73],"as":[74],"school":[75],"closures,":[76],"stay-at-home":[77],"orders,":[78],"travel":[80],"bans":[81],"has":[82],"resulted":[83],"worsening":[85],"performance.":[87],"Conversely,":[88],"reacts":[92],"positively":[93,119],"gatherings.":[97],"also":[100],"found":[101],"a":[102],"positive":[103],"association":[104],"S&P":[107,117],"500":[108,118],"market,":[113],"implying":[114],"impacts":[120],"market.":[123],"This":[124],"research":[125,145],"contributes":[126],"understanding":[128,162,174],"behaviors":[130],"offers":[132],"strategic":[133],"insights":[134,192],"for":[135,193],"risk":[136],"mitigation":[137],"resilience":[140],"future":[142,198],"crises.":[143,199],"Future":[144],"could":[146],"incorporate":[147],"sentiment":[148],"measures,":[149],"nonlinear":[150],"ARDL":[151],"methods,":[152],"or":[153],"comparative":[154],"studies":[155],"across":[156],"GCC":[157],"financial":[158,185],"markets":[159,186],"deepen":[161],"policy\u2013market":[164],"interactions":[165],"systemic":[167],"shocks.":[168],"Expanding":[169],"enhances":[173],"emerging":[183],"country":[184],"under":[187],"conditions,":[189],"providing":[190],"valuable":[191],"policymakers":[194],"investors":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-02-18T00:00:00"}