{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7129738136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2026.3665863","title":"Design and Passivity Analysis of MMC-Based STATCOM With Active Harmonic Filtering","display_name":"Design and Passivity Analysis of MMC-Based STATCOM With Active Harmonic Filtering","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7129738136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2026.3665863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2026.3665863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2026.3665863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2026.3665863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203966947","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","issn_l":"0885-8977","issn":["0885-8977","1937-4208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/85496a7e-98e4-4427-aeb1-c7d35ce73228","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012527676","display_name":"Eros Avdiaj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1802-3342","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1802-3342"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eros Avdiaj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1802-3342","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020252916","display_name":"Marco Lindner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4465-7958","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4465-7958"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Lindner","raw_affiliation_strings":["TransnetBW Gmbh, Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TransnetBW Gmbh, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089030801","display_name":"Jef Beerten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-2983","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-2983"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jef Beerten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-2983","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3369,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73875876,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"3","first_page":"1402","last_page":"1414"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10573","display_name":"Power Quality and Harmonics","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10573","display_name":"Power Quality and Harmonics","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10228","display_name":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statcom","display_name":"STATCOM","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-multilevel-converter","display_name":"modular multilevel converter","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-harmonic-filtering","display_name":"active harmonic filtering","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passivity-analysis","display_name":"passivity analysis","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-quality","display_name":"power quality","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic-distortion","display_name":"harmonic distortion","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid-forming-inverters","display_name":"grid-forming inverters","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-loads","display_name":"nonlinear loads","score":0.7990000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778809601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045736","display_name":"Passivity","level":2,"score":0.6098999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.5823000073432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5120999813079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.4812000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131770355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876215","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","level":2,"score":0.46459999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4544000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4424999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.4422000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.42480000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178911571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593143","display_name":"Power electronics","level":3,"score":0.400299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.37689998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42156128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162641","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","level":3,"score":0.3727000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85899133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557211","display_name":"Active filter","level":3,"score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.350600004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64424096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750454","display_name":"Power factor","level":3,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.32429999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779665505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780079","display_name":"Power quality","level":3,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151799858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587008","display_name":"Switched-mode power supply","level":3,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196796808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132629","display_name":"Electrical network","level":2,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132237922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327754","display_name":"Electronic filter","level":3,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2026.3665863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2026.3665863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2026.3665863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203966947","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","issn_l":"0885-8977","issn":["0885-8977","1937-4208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/781955","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/781955","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/85496a7e-98e4-4427-aeb1-c7d35ce73228","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ieee Transactions On Power Delivery, vol. 41 (3), (1402-1414)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/781955","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/781955","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/85496a7e-98e4-4427-aeb1-c7d35ce73228","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ieee Transactions On Power Delivery, vol. 41 (3), (1402-1414)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"},{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5690000057220459,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7129738136.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7129738136.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1545793631","https://openalex.org/W1998856946","https://openalex.org/W2047232920","https://openalex.org/W2062120862","https://openalex.org/W2074343268","https://openalex.org/W2110592902","https://openalex.org/W2163501722","https://openalex.org/W2280707463","https://openalex.org/W2564036036","https://openalex.org/W2568867773","https://openalex.org/W2751449709","https://openalex.org/W2904173758","https://openalex.org/W2924169080","https://openalex.org/W2955788269","https://openalex.org/W2996323006","https://openalex.org/W3013240368","https://openalex.org/W3013277027","https://openalex.org/W3110874572","https://openalex.org/W3116412054","https://openalex.org/W3128840894","https://openalex.org/W3154122279","https://openalex.org/W3200696356","https://openalex.org/W3203191655","https://openalex.org/W4238385053","https://openalex.org/W4312908438","https://openalex.org/W4319341987","https://openalex.org/W4367721473","https://openalex.org/W4382863483","https://openalex.org/W4382999149","https://openalex.org/W4385216021","https://openalex.org/W4385627462","https://openalex.org/W4406630266","https://openalex.org/W4407361339","https://openalex.org/W4411948529"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393083408","https://openalex.org/W2751449709","https://openalex.org/W3119198870","https://openalex.org/W2948289422","https://openalex.org/W2038846504","https://openalex.org/W7127937789","https://openalex.org/W2988877329","https://openalex.org/W2363507120","https://openalex.org/W2995085299","https://openalex.org/W7208754679"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Power":[0],"quality":[1,57,108],"is":[2,46,130],"a":[3,80,84,102,111,133,146,161,177],"growing":[4],"concern":[5],"in":[6,160],"modern":[7],"electrical":[8],"power":[9,17,52,56,107],"systems":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,36,70,144],"the":[13,47,74,99,116,125,141,155,167,171],"increasing":[14],"penetration":[15],"of":[16,101,154],"electronic":[18],"interfaced":[19],"nonlinear":[20],"loads":[21],"and":[22,27,152],"generation,":[23],"which":[24,67],"introduce":[25],"voltage":[26],"current":[28],"distortions.":[29,39],"Active":[30],"filter":[31],"techniques":[32],"have":[33],"been":[34],"developed":[35],"mitigate":[37],"these":[38,41],"Among":[40],"techniques,":[42],"virtual":[43,92,148],"harmonic":[44,51,93,103,118,136,147,162,173],"impedance":[45,104,174],"most":[48],"desired":[49,172],"for":[50,83],"sharing":[53],"or":[54],"general":[55],"improvements.":[58],"However,":[59],"existing":[60],"methods":[61],"often":[62],"lack":[63],"explicit":[64],"passivity":[65,113],"considerations,":[66],"can":[68],"lead":[69],"adverse":[71],"interactions":[72,123],"with":[73,91,124],"grid":[75],"resonances.":[76],"This":[77,127],"paper":[78,139],"presents":[79],"control":[81,128,169],"design":[82],"grid-forming":[85],"Modular":[86],"Multilevel":[87],"Converter":[88],"(MMC)-based":[89],"STATCOM":[90],"impedance.":[94],"The":[95,138],"proposed":[96,156,168],"method":[97],"enables":[98],"selection":[100],"that":[105,166],"improves":[106],"while":[109,175],"ensuring":[110,180],"positive":[112],"index":[114],"around":[115],"converter":[117],"admittance,":[119],"thus":[120],"guaranteeing":[121],"stable":[122,181],"grid.":[126],"approach":[129],"based":[131],"on":[132],"dq-frame":[134],"feed-forward":[135],"compensator.":[137],"outlines":[140],"tuning":[142],"methodology":[143],"achieve":[145],"impedance,":[149],"operational":[150],"boundaries,":[151],"robustness":[153],"approach.":[157],"Simulation":[158],"results":[159],"benchmark":[163],"system":[164,182],"demonstrate":[165],"achieves":[170],"maintaining":[176],"passive":[178],"response,":[179],"performance.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-02-18T00:00:00"}