{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128733734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1332/23978821y2025d000000169","title":"Family care in Mongolia: children as unpaid carers","display_name":"Family care in Mongolia: children as unpaid carers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128733734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1332/23978821y2025d000000169"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1332/23978821y2025d000000169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1332/23978821y2025d000000169","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1332/23978821y2025d000000169","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240526","display_name":"International Journal of Care and Caring","issn_l":"2397-8821","issn":["2397-8821","2397-883X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Care and Caring","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082388442","display_name":"Myagmarsuren Boldbaatar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-3818","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-3818"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64222039","display_name":"National University of Mongolia","ror":"https://ror.org/04855bv47","country_code":"MN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64222039"]}],"countries":["MN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myagmarsuren Boldbaatar","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Mongolia, Mongolia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-3818","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Mongolia, Mongolia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64222039"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046908640","display_name":"Otgontugs Banzragch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2410-8118","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2410-8118"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64222039","display_name":"National University of Mongolia","ror":"https://ror.org/04855bv47","country_code":"MN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64222039"]}],"countries":["MN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Otgontugs Banzragch","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Mongolia, Mongolia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2410-8118","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Mongolia, Mongolia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64222039"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006355664","display_name":"Khishigt Dandarchuluun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3168-4401","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3168-4401"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64222039","display_name":"National University of Mongolia","ror":"https://ror.org/04855bv47","country_code":"MN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64222039"]}],"countries":["MN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khishigt Dandarchuluun","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Mongolia, Mongolia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3168-4401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Mongolia, Mongolia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64222039"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64222039"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05831866,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11712","display_name":"Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11712","display_name":"Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11544","display_name":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-care","display_name":"family care","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childcare-work","display_name":"childcare work","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gendered-division-of-care-work","display_name":"gendered division of care","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-engagement","display_name":"academic engagement","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-use","display_name":"time use","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mongolia","display_name":"Mongolia","score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-differences","display_name":"urban-rural differences","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sibling-caregiving","display_name":"sibling caregiving","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unpaid-work","display_name":"unpaid work","score":0.5440000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779266529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7897274","display_name":"Unpaid work","level":3,"score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993037610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455871","display_name":"Child care","level":2,"score":0.5454000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017757278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q949973","display_name":"Paid work","level":3,"score":0.534600019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102003337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038877","display_name":"Care work","level":3,"score":0.45570001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.42590001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.34130001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781187916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455871","display_name":"Day care","level":2,"score":0.3330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.33009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993872870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q260732","display_name":"Work hours","level":3,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778900529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2827779","display_name":"Family caregivers","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984710236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q437458","display_name":"Elder care","level":2,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993869490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17078133","display_name":"Residential care","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160050368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132453","display_name":"Developed country","level":3,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82479568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315937","display_name":"Respite care","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1332/23978821y2025d000000169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1332/23978821y2025d000000169","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1332/23978821y2025d000000169","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240526","display_name":"International Journal of Care and Caring","issn_l":"2397-8821","issn":["2397-8821","2397-883X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Care and Caring","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.6025999784469604,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"},{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5263000130653381,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.4156000018119812,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3399993952","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NFRFR-2022-00546","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334617","funder_display_name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334617","display_name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/04j5jqy92"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1637491891","https://openalex.org/W1992508239","https://openalex.org/W2000740053","https://openalex.org/W2039810561","https://openalex.org/W2103872195","https://openalex.org/W2165515964","https://openalex.org/W2516160693","https://openalex.org/W2557855296","https://openalex.org/W2670594571","https://openalex.org/W2794979452","https://openalex.org/W2917109282","https://openalex.org/W2921031818","https://openalex.org/W2945443865","https://openalex.org/W3044464092","https://openalex.org/W3123678694","https://openalex.org/W4210550170","https://openalex.org/W4399345586","https://openalex.org/W4407052424","https://openalex.org/W4412368906","https://openalex.org/W6887709126","https://openalex.org/W6944334205","https://openalex.org/W7110798817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4405965185","https://openalex.org/W6889102564","https://openalex.org/W4402788290","https://openalex.org/W4412952772","https://openalex.org/W2479631034","https://openalex.org/W4290791417","https://openalex.org/W7078185880","https://openalex.org/W6976971635","https://openalex.org/W4416820439","https://openalex.org/W7161920881"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,30,56,136,146,150],"role":[4],"of":[5,41,52,62,138],"children":[6,42,76],"as":[7],"carers":[8],"in":[9,46,55],"Mongolia,":[10],"a":[11,14,126],"country":[12],"with":[13,74,100,154],"limited":[15],"formal":[16],"care":[17,65,80,87,144],"infrastructure":[18],"and":[19,22,70,83,120,145],"distinct":[20],"cultural":[21],"economic":[23],"characteristics.":[24],"Using":[25],"nationally":[26],"representative":[27],"data":[28],"from":[29],"2019":[31],"Mongolian":[32],"Time":[33],"Use":[34],"Survey,":[35],"we":[36],"find":[37],"that":[38,98],"32":[39],"percent":[40,51,61],"aged":[43],"12\u201317":[44],"engage":[45],"caregiving":[47,110],"activities,":[48],"performing":[49],"35":[50],"childcare":[53],"work":[54,66],"family,":[57],"compared":[58],"to":[59,79,86,106,142,148],"48":[60],"adults.":[63],"Children\u2019s":[64],"is":[67],"highly":[68],"gendered":[69],"varies":[71],"by":[72],"location,":[73],"urban":[75],"more":[77,104],"likely":[78,85,105],"for":[81,88],"siblings":[82,102],"less":[84],"older":[89],"or":[90],"disabled":[91],"family":[92,143],"members.":[93],"Our":[94],"regression":[95],"analysis":[96],"reveals":[97],"girls":[99],"younger":[101],"are":[103],"provide":[107],"care.":[108],"While":[109],"does":[111],"not":[112],"significantly":[113],"reduce":[114],"children\u2019s":[115,140],"time":[116],"spent":[117],"on":[118,130],"learning":[119],"intensive":[121],"unpaid":[122,155],"work,":[123],"it":[124],"has":[125],"substantial":[127],"negative":[128],"impact":[129],"educational":[131,151],"engagement.":[132],"These":[133],"findings":[134],"underscore":[135],"importance":[137],"recognizing":[139],"contributions":[141],"need":[147],"address":[149],"trade-offs":[152],"associated":[153],"work.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-02-13T00:00:00"}
