{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128538458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","title":"Family collective agency in career decision-making among medical and dental students: a qualitative intersectional study in Peshawar, Pakistan","display_name":"Family collective agency in career decision-making among medical and dental students: a qualitative intersectional study in Peshawar, Pakistan","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128538458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41743090","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12929111"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040893029","display_name":"Sadia Qazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9275-8022","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9275-8022"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134359838","display_name":"Alfaisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cdrtq48","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sadia Qazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045000188","display_name":"Abdal Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1745-0865","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1745-0865"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdal Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125536732","display_name":"Syed Ibadullah Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4326-2892","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4326-2892"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ibadullah Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146710220","display_name":"Ayat Ullah Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayat Ullah Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007943591","display_name":"Muhammad Umair Amjad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Umair Amjad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125515522","display_name":"Anas Muiz Jehan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1602-0907","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1602-0907"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anas Muiz Jehan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159940652","display_name":"Danyal Ahmad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danyal Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Bacha Khan Medical Complex"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Bacha Khan Medical Complex","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125563519","display_name":"Gul Saman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gul Saman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125483110","display_name":"Jalwa Rahman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jalwa Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Peshawar Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124359389","display_name":"Eshal Atif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7010-6910","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7010-6910"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134359838","display_name":"Alfaisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cdrtq48","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eshal Atif","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, Alfaisal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, Alfaisal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028043154","display_name":"Muhammad Atif Mazhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1588-3909","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1588-3909"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134359838","display_name":"Alfaisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cdrtq48","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Atif Mazhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028043154","https://openalex.org/A5040893029"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":24.2722,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99275902,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"1755128","last_page":"1755128"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10726","display_name":"Career Development and Diversity","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/career-choice","display_name":"career choice","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-students","display_name":"medical students","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-students","display_name":"dental students","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-rotations","display_name":"clinical rotations","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-norms","display_name":"gender norms","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pashtun-culture","display_name":"Pashtun culture","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collectivism","display_name":"collectivism","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-cognitive-career-theory","display_name":"social cognitive career theory","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communities-of-practice","display_name":"communities of practice","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersectionality","display_name":"intersectionality","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marriage-expectations","display_name":"marriage expectations","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-obligations","display_name":"economic obligations","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peshawar","display_name":"Peshawar","score":0.7300000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7293000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96420161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q237789","display_name":"Collectivism","level":3,"score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5781999826431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.5159000158309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5041999816894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4465000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17022365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171995","display_name":"Individualism","level":2,"score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3813000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.3799000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7955714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12056630","display_name":"Structure and agency","level":2,"score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777932401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1471594","display_name":"Collective action","level":3,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878","display_name":"Cultural diversity","level":2,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194943564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129049","display_name":"Participant observation","level":2,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777247013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038939","display_name":"Career development","level":2,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993804084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8436","display_name":"Family life","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.2590999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20555606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868575","display_name":"Empowerment","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41743090","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41743090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12929111","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12929111/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Med (Lausanne)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f3b2aa511c47457ca58d55644e0e0ea0","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f3b2aa511c47457ca58d55644e0e0ea0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine, Vol 13 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1755128/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8974000215530396,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.7307999730110168,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"},{"score":0.6164000034332275,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"score":0.46810001134872437,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330164","display_name":"Alfaisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cdrtq48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128538458.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128538458.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W79229537","https://openalex.org/W1493061695","https://openalex.org/W1498177998","https://openalex.org/W1954122218","https://openalex.org/W1975775173","https://openalex.org/W1981665776","https://openalex.org/W1984254715","https://openalex.org/W1985862446","https://openalex.org/W1987163608","https://openalex.org/W1989056874","https://openalex.org/W1994287714","https://openalex.org/W1997378480","https://openalex.org/W1997542971","https://openalex.org/W2002685789","https://openalex.org/W2006748570","https://openalex.org/W2020682310","https://openalex.org/W2025644900","https://openalex.org/W2035286692","https://openalex.org/W2046630234","https://openalex.org/W2046920446","https://openalex.org/W2061581008","https://openalex.org/W2066702741","https://openalex.org/W2079504349","https://openalex.org/W2079728316","https://openalex.org/W2080765060","https://openalex.org/W2081632535","https://openalex.org/W2082249432","https://openalex.org/W2085028749","https://openalex.org/W2090270598","https://openalex.org/W2094070370","https://openalex.org/W2101457347","https://openalex.org/W2111143102","https://openalex.org/W2111545970","https://openalex.org/W2114732155","https://openalex.org/W2118423631","https://openalex.org/W2129262981","https://openalex.org/W2130342085","https://openalex.org/W2137940381","https://openalex.org/W2138664283","https://openalex.org/W2139626550","https://openalex.org/W2140489376","https://openalex.org/W2143960597","https://openalex.org/W2145725144","https://openalex.org/W2149520412","https://openalex.org/W2157757373","https://openalex.org/W2159978247","https://openalex.org/W2160359929","https://openalex.org/W2163816615","https://openalex.org/W2238567904","https://openalex.org/W2305278139","https://openalex.org/W2337002970","https://openalex.org/W2396339611","https://openalex.org/W2492778607","https://openalex.org/W2560290367","https://openalex.org/W2950504429","https://openalex.org/W3044291841","https://openalex.org/W3208645186","https://openalex.org/W4229864382","https://openalex.org/W4241366473","https://openalex.org/W4245961435","https://openalex.org/W4389686117","https://openalex.org/W4404944002","https://openalex.org/W4407997686","https://openalex.org/W4409407643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2915277233","https://openalex.org/W7222625517","https://openalex.org/W2790154504","https://openalex.org/W4308007965","https://openalex.org/W7162887044","https://openalex.org/W7221953999","https://openalex.org/W6990674286","https://openalex.org/W2613292431","https://openalex.org/W2099460408","https://openalex.org/W2073588461"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Career":[1,61,94,186],"decision-making":[2,82,95],"in":[3,29,48,146,156,173,188],"medical":[4,158],"education":[5,159,236],"predominantly":[6],"reflects":[7],"Western":[8],"individualistic":[9,207],"frameworks":[10],"emphasizing":[11],"personal":[12],"autonomy.":[13],"The":[14,167],"intersection":[15],"of":[16,65,133,169],"clinical":[17],"rotation":[18,76],"experiences":[19,77],"with":[20,101],"family":[21,81,99,193,223,245],"collective":[22,98,194,218],"agency":[23,195],"and":[24,68,83,109,140,196,227],"culturally":[25,197],"embedded":[26],"gender":[27],"norms":[28,200],"collectivist":[30,189],"contexts":[31,190],"remains":[32],"insufficiently":[33],"examined.":[34],"Methods:":[35],"=":[36],"14;":[37],"8":[38],"female,":[39],"6":[40],"male)":[41],"aged":[42],"20-25":[43],"years":[44],"across":[45],"four":[46],"institutions":[47],"Peshawar,":[49],"Pakistan":[50],"(August-November":[51],"2024).":[52],"We":[53],"used":[54],"reflexive":[55],"thematic":[56],"analysis,":[57],"applying":[58],"Social":[59],"Cognitive":[60],"Theory":[62],"(SCCT),":[63],"Communities":[64],"Practice":[66],"(CoP),":[67],"intersectionality":[69],"as":[70,230,242],"sensitizing":[71],"concepts":[72],"to":[73,127,143,216],"examine":[74],"how":[75],"are":[78,202],"interpreted":[79],"through":[80,97,117,192],"Pashtun":[84],"sociocultural":[85],"norms.":[86],"Results:":[87],"),":[88],"extending":[89],"beyond":[90],"individual":[91,251],"performance":[92],"concerns.":[93],"operated":[96],"deliberation,":[100],"economic":[102],"obligation":[103],"commonly":[104],"shaping":[105],"men's":[106],"specialty":[107,119],"trajectories":[108],"marriage-related":[110],"expectations":[111],"consistently":[112],"constraining":[113],"women's":[114],"career":[115,240],"planning":[116],"anticipatory":[118],"screening.":[120],"Participation":[121],"patterns":[122],"ranged":[123],"from":[124,136],"progressive":[125],"apprenticeship":[126],"persistent":[128],"gender-based":[129],"marginalization,":[130],"including":[131],"exclusion":[132],"female":[134,170,180],"students":[135],"male":[137],"patient":[138],"examinations":[139],"restricted":[141],"access":[142],"night":[144],"shifts":[145],"Peshawar":[147],"institutions.":[148],"Female":[149],"participants":[150,181],"described":[151],"a":[152,231,243],"\"doctor":[153],"daughter\"":[154],"paradox":[155],"which":[157],"was":[160,165],"encouraged":[161],"while":[162],"post-graduation":[163],"practice":[164],"constrained.":[166],"absence":[168],"role":[171],"models":[172],"surgical":[174,177],"specialties":[175],"undermined":[176],"self-efficacy":[178],"among":[179],"considering":[182],"male-dominated":[183],"fields.":[184],"Conclusion:":[185],"development":[187],"operates":[191],"structured":[198],"participation":[199],"that":[201],"not":[203],"well":[204],"captured":[205],"by":[206],"models.":[208],"Our":[209],"findings":[210],"suggest":[211],"SCCT":[212],"may":[213],"require":[214],"reconceptualization":[215],"incorporate":[217],"efficacy,":[219],"honor-based":[220],"outcome":[221],"expectations,":[222],"approval-filtered":[224],"goal":[225],"formation,":[226],"cultural":[228],"context":[229],"central":[232],"organizing":[233],"condition.":[234],"Medical":[235],"policy":[237],"should":[238],"recognize":[239],"\"choice\"":[241],"negotiated":[244],"process":[246],"rather":[247],"than":[248],"an":[249],"exclusively":[250],"decision.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-02-11T00:00:00"}