{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128528515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","title":"Health-related quality of life and its determinants among children and adolescents living with HIV in Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study","display_name":"Health-related quality of life and its determinants among children and adolescents living with HIV in Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128528515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41668197","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12990645"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77368557","display_name":"Health and Quality of Life Outcomes","issn_l":"1477-7525","issn":["1477-7525"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health and Quality of Life Outcomes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125496550","display_name":"Sarah Kotut","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I287756978","display_name":"Busitema University","ror":"https://ror.org/035d9jb31","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I287756978"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Kotut","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda. sarahkotut98@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda. sarahkotut98@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I287756978"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116931673","display_name":"Prince Tsekpetse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1821-4564","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1821-4564"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I287756978","display_name":"Busitema University","ror":"https://ror.org/035d9jb31","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I287756978"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prince Tsekpetse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I287756978"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109721501","display_name":"Harrison Chege","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I250207469","display_name":"Mount Kenya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kq7tf63","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I250207469"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harrison Chege","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I250207469"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125509517","display_name":"Edgar Kiprop","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I287756978","display_name":"Busitema University","ror":"https://ror.org/035d9jb31","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I287756978"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edgar Kiprop","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I287756978"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016583461","display_name":"Joseph Kirabira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-8552","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-8552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I287756978","display_name":"Busitema University","ror":"https://ror.org/035d9jb31","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I287756978"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Kirabira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Busitema University, Tororo, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I287756978"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125496550"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I287756978"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13574","display_name":"Family Support in Illness","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-related-quality-of-life","display_name":"health-related quality of life","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-and-adolescents-living-with-hiv","display_name":"children and adolescents living with HIV","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv","display_name":"HIV","score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/whoqol-bref","display_name":"WHOQOL-BREF","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-support","display_name":"family support","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-situation","display_name":"financial conditions","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spirituality","display_name":"spirituality","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independence","display_name":"independence","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stigma","display_name":"stigma","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbidity","display_name":"comorbidities","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-history-of-mental-illness","display_name":"family history of mental illness","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eastern-uganda","display_name":"Eastern Uganda","score":0.8339999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.6881999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6018000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168285401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427245","display_name":"Stigma (botany)","level":2,"score":0.566100001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.5218999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.512499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778087770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297111","display_name":"Social support","level":2,"score":0.46720001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514793146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168796","display_name":"Spirituality","level":3,"score":0.4383000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.4092999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781437451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137326","display_name":"Social stigma","level":3,"score":0.39910000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776674806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12135","display_name":"Mental illness","level":3,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.33009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778091340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15749950","display_name":"Quality of Life Research","level":3,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776893239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778765","display_name":"Social isolation","level":2,"score":0.2581999897956848}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006304","descriptor_name":"Health Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011788","descriptor_name":"Quality of Life","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012944","descriptor_name":"Social Support","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014454","descriptor_name":"Uganda","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77368557","display_name":"Health and Quality of Life Outcomes","issn_l":"1477-7525","issn":["1477-7525"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health and Quality of Life Outcomes","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12990645","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12990645/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12990645/pdf/12955_2026_Article_2496.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Qual Life Outcomes","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:41668197","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41668197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health and quality of life outcomes","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:180c44e42efe495c8d34ade8de461ef7","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/180c44e42efe495c8d34ade8de461ef7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, Vol 24, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-026-02496-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77368557","display_name":"Health and Quality of Life Outcomes","issn_l":"1477-7525","issn":["1477-7525"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health and Quality of Life Outcomes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320234","display_name":"Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","ror":"https://ror.org/03zhs2308"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128528515.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128528515.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051299986","https://openalex.org/W2255756224","https://openalex.org/W2740076998","https://openalex.org/W2808926773","https://openalex.org/W2895506373","https://openalex.org/W2896170377","https://openalex.org/W2904593910","https://openalex.org/W2917474494","https://openalex.org/W2963626362","https://openalex.org/W3003830200","https://openalex.org/W3006667517","https://openalex.org/W3023917889","https://openalex.org/W3083188682","https://openalex.org/W3097132800","https://openalex.org/W3108826961","https://openalex.org/W3124452636","https://openalex.org/W3133034448","https://openalex.org/W3135654793","https://openalex.org/W3137091495","https://openalex.org/W3137901273","https://openalex.org/W3153444860","https://openalex.org/W4224570741","https://openalex.org/W4284967206","https://openalex.org/W4285286349","https://openalex.org/W4294751182","https://openalex.org/W4313553077","https://openalex.org/W4318595380","https://openalex.org/W4320920151","https://openalex.org/W4365811082","https://openalex.org/W4400080510","https://openalex.org/W4404734622"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7171498745","https://openalex.org/W4289457282","https://openalex.org/W2911224435","https://openalex.org/W2005410840","https://openalex.org/W2587184014","https://openalex.org/W7217594562","https://openalex.org/W2600566123","https://openalex.org/W2492466831","https://openalex.org/W4407807185","https://openalex.org/W7143409027"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Children":[1],"and":[2,11,27,50,55,73,82,128,193,212,223,236,284,289,310,324,336],"adolescents":[3,56,337],"living":[4,57,338],"with":[5,58,69,110,184,207,233,244,317,339],"HIV":[6,59,91,340],"face":[7],"unique":[8],"physical,":[9,188],"psychological,":[10,189,209],"social":[12,290],"challenges":[13],"that":[14,282],"can":[15],"significantly":[16,182,231],"affect":[17],"their":[18,40],"health-related":[19],"quality":[20,155],"of":[21,29,93,116,156,220,226,268,328],"life":[22,157],"(HRQoL).":[23],"Understanding":[24],"the":[25,48,87,117,142,149,153,164,224,273,302],"dimensions":[26],"determinants":[28,52],"HRQoL":[30,49,83],"among":[31,53,334],"them":[32],"is":[33],"crucial":[34],"to":[35,38,46,105,258],"developing":[36],"solutions":[37],"improve":[39],"overall":[41,166,194,213,293],"well-being.":[42],"This":[43],"research":[44],"aimed":[45],"assess":[47],"its":[51],"children":[54,335],"in":[60,251,272,341],"Eastern":[61,342],"Uganda.":[62,343],"METHODS:":[63],"A":[64,98],"cross-sectional":[65],"study":[66],"was":[67,84,103,119,139,181,203,242,256,264,295],"conducted":[68],"228":[70],"respondents.":[71],"Sociodemographic":[72],"clinical":[74],"variables":[75],"were":[76,126,230,314],"assessed":[77,85],"using":[78,86],"an":[79],"investigator-designed":[80],"questionnaire,":[81],"World":[88],"Health":[89],"Organization":[90],"Quality":[92],"Life":[94],"-":[95],"BREF":[96],"tool.":[97],"multiple":[99],"linear":[100],"regression":[101],"model":[102],"used":[104],"identify":[106],"independent":[107],"factors":[108],"associated":[109,183,206,232,243,316],"HRQoL.":[111],"RESULTS:":[112],"The":[113,136],"mean":[114,137,165],"age":[115],"respondents":[118],"13.68":[120],"\u00b1":[121,146,159],"1.95":[122],"years,":[123],"129":[124],"(56.58%)":[125],"female,":[127],"182":[129],"(79.82%)":[130],"perceived":[131,200],"high":[132,252],"support":[133,202,313],"from":[134],"friends.":[135],"QoL":[138,167,195,214,275,294,319],"highest":[140,274],"within":[141],"spiritual":[143],"domain":[144,151,247],"(17.07":[145],"3.11),":[147],"while":[148,249,277,321],"independence":[150,279],"indicated":[152],"lowest":[154],"(14.57":[158],"2.26).":[160],"Approximately":[161],"48.5%":[162],"attained":[163],"score":[168],"(96.22).":[169],"Better":[170],"financial":[171,308],"status":[172,309],"(being":[173],"not":[174],"well":[175,179],"off":[176],"or":[177,254],"quite":[178],"off)":[180],"higher":[185,208],"scores":[186,280],"across":[187,299],"independence,":[190],"environmental,":[191,210],"spiritual,":[192,211],"(p":[196],"<":[197],"0.05).":[198],"High":[199],"family":[201,218,312,326],"also":[204],"positively":[205],"scores.":[215,238,261],"In":[216],"contrast,":[217],"history":[219,327],"mental":[221,329],"illness":[222,330],"presence":[225],"other":[227],"chronic":[228],"illnesses":[229],"lower":[234,245],"psychological":[235],"environmental":[237,260],"Being":[239],"Muslim/other":[240],"religion":[241],"physical":[246],"scores,":[248,276],"being":[250],"school":[253],"above":[255],"linked":[257],"better":[259,318],"CONCLUSION:":[262],"Spirituality":[263],"a":[265,325],"key":[266],"source":[267],"emotional":[269],"support,":[270],"reflected":[271],"low":[278],"suggest":[281],"stigma":[283],"overprotection":[285],"may":[286],"hinder":[287],"autonomy":[288],"development.":[291],"Although":[292],"generally":[296],"good,":[297],"disparities":[298],"domains":[300],"underscore":[301],"need":[303],"for":[304],"targeted":[305],"interventions.":[306],"Improved":[307],"strong":[311],"consistently":[315],"outcomes,":[320],"comorbid":[322],"conditions":[323],"negatively":[331],"impacted":[332],"well-being":[333]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-02-11T00:00:00"}
