{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128523933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","title":"THE IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA","display_name":"THE IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128523933","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407046050","display_name":"Malaysian Journal Of Human Resources Management","issn_l":"3036-0161","issn":["3036-0161"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321761","host_organization_name":"Zibeline International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321761"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Zibeline International Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Malaysian Journal Of Human Resources Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117572499","display_name":"Onum Friday Okoh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181631907","display_name":"University of Ibadan","ror":"https://ror.org/03wx2rr30","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181631907"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Onum Friday Okoh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics , University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181631907"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5117572499"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181631907"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4891,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86410561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"01","last_page":"06"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.8666999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.8666999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13867","display_name":"Economic Growth and Development","score":0.10159999877214432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11770","display_name":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","score":0.012400000356137753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital-development","display_name":"human capital development","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"economic growth","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-spending-on-education","display_name":"government spending on education","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-expenditure","display_name":"public health expenditure","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/per-capita-income","display_name":"per capita income","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-run-and-short-run-effects","display_name":"short-run and long-run effects","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-infrastructure","display_name":"health infrastructure","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skill-development","display_name":"skill development","score":0.6349999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776943663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687","display_name":"Human capital","level":2,"score":0.8198999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6189000010490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781356325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929688","display_name":"Government spending","level":3,"score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160443848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45918","display_name":"Per capita income","level":2,"score":0.5382000207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127598652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558635","display_name":"Per capita","level":3,"score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99656134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912993","display_name":"Ordinary least squares","level":2,"score":0.45019999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2917873","display_name":"Human development (humanity)","level":2,"score":0.4047999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9127897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q990550","display_name":"Physical capital","level":3,"score":0.35199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.3398999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107645774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5467169","display_name":"Human resources","level":2,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333508","display_name":"Economic impact analysis","level":2,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24649204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3656853","display_name":"Capital deepening","level":5,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193991484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2509483","display_name":"Government revenue","level":3,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57495647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295385","display_name":"Economic capital","level":3,"score":0.2676999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181683161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7301159","display_name":"Real gross domestic product","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114350782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12638","display_name":"Gross domestic product","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154193497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3958441","display_name":"Economic sector","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407046050","display_name":"Malaysian Journal Of Human Resources Management","issn_l":"3036-0161","issn":["3036-0161"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321761","host_organization_name":"Zibeline International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321761"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Zibeline International Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Malaysian Journal Of Human Resources Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjhrm.02.2025.92.97","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407046050","display_name":"Malaysian Journal Of Human Resources Management","issn_l":"3036-0161","issn":["3036-0161"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321761","host_organization_name":"Zibeline International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321761"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Zibeline International Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Malaysian Journal Of Human Resources Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128523933.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128523933.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3167508703"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7169839876","https://openalex.org/W7116358514","https://openalex.org/W7219571022","https://openalex.org/W7169776003","https://openalex.org/W2501288936","https://openalex.org/W7203786707","https://openalex.org/W7204025854","https://openalex.org/W6950075917","https://openalex.org/W7221582848","https://openalex.org/W7222095842"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"Nigeria\u2019s":[1],"abundant":[2],"resources,":[3],"human":[4,28,48,95],"capital":[5,29,49,96],"development":[6,50,97,202],"has":[7,34],"remained":[8],"more":[9],"of":[10,27,47,94],"a":[11,14,110,124,137],"goal":[12],"than":[13],"reality.":[15],"The":[16,72,101],"nation\u2019s":[17],"developmental":[18],"challenges":[19],"are":[20],"likely":[21],"to":[22,42,60,86,135,164,180],"persist,":[23],"and":[24,64,80,91,126,139,157,161,170,187,199,203],"the":[25,45,81,89,119,149,185],"role":[26],"in":[30,54],"driving":[31],"economic":[32,52,99,114,143],"growth":[33,53],"not":[35],"been":[36],"thoroughly":[37],"examined.":[38],"This":[39],"study":[40,150],"aimed":[41],"empirically":[43],"investigate":[44],"impact":[46,112,141],"on":[51,98,107,113,118,142,146,155,192],"Nigeria.":[55],"Secondary":[56],"data":[57],"from":[58],"1990":[59],"2022":[61],"were":[62,84],"utilized,":[63],"an":[65],"ex-post":[66],"facto":[67],"research":[68],"design":[69],"was":[70,133],"employed.":[71],"Fully":[73],"Modified":[74],"Ordinary":[75],"Least":[76],"Squares":[77],"(FMOLS)":[78],"approach":[79],"bound":[82],"test":[83],"applied":[85],"assess":[87],"both":[88],"long-":[90],"short-term":[92],"effects":[93],"growth.":[100,144],"results":[102],"indicated":[103],"that":[104,152],"government":[105,153],"spending":[106,117,154],"education":[108,156],"had":[109,123],"positive":[111,125,138],"growth,":[115],"while":[116],"health":[120,158],"sector":[121],"also":[122],"significant":[127,140],"effect.":[128],"Additionally,":[129],"per":[130,194],"capita":[131,195],"income":[132],"found":[134],"have":[136],"Based":[145],"these":[147],"findings,":[148],"recommends":[151],"be":[159],"enhanced":[160],"used":[162],"efficiently":[163],"boost":[165],"real":[166],"GDP.":[167],"Addressing":[168],"corruption":[169],"infrastructure":[171,179],"gaps":[172],"is":[173,176],"vital,":[174],"as":[175],"improving":[177],"healthcare":[178],"reduce":[181],"disease":[182],"burdens.":[183],"Furthermore,":[184],"Labor":[186],"Employment":[188],"ministries":[189],"should":[190],"focus":[191],"increasing":[193],"income,":[196],"creating":[197],"jobs,":[198],"fostering":[200],"skill":[201],"entrepreneurship.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-02-11T00:00:00"}