{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128477753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18586829","title":"ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND CARDIO-METABOLIC OUTCOMES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS EVALUATING THE RISK OF DIABETES, CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS, AND MORTALITY","display_name":"ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND CARDIO-METABOLIC OUTCOMES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS EVALUATING THE RISK OF DIABETES, CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS, AND MORTALITY","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128477753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18586829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:medicalsciencereview.com:article/3093","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://medicalsciencereview.com/index.php/Journal/article/view/3093","pdf_url":"https://medicalsciencereview.com/index.php/Journal/article/download/3093/2513","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407075226","display_name":"The Research of Medical Science Review","issn_l":"3007-1208","issn":["3007-1208","3007-1216"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3007-1208","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://medicalsciencereview.com/index.php/Journal/article/download/3093/2513","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125548389","display_name":"Ahmad Maher Alharazneh, Abdulkader Ghassan Habra, Sajeda Omar Salem, Kinzaa Batool Khanum, Rayan Tariq Amin Hussain, Fathima Safa, Maitha Alhammadi, Gargi Sharma, Alina Hakim, Khuzami Moaied Rashad Odeh, Owais Mudassir, Muhammad Abdullah, Arooj Iftikhar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Maher Alharazneh, Abdulkader Ghassan Habra, Sajeda Omar Salem, Kinzaa Batool Khanum, Rayan Tariq Amin Hussain, Fathima Safa, Maitha Alhammadi, Gargi Sharma, Alina Hakim, Khuzami Moaied Rashad Odeh, Owais Mudassir, Muhammad Abdullah, Arooj Iftikhar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125548389"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02606985,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11207","display_name":"Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease","display_name":"non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"diabetes mellitus","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-events","display_name":"cardiovascular events","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality","display_name":"mortality","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiometabolic-outcomes","display_name":"cardiometabolic outcomes","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-risk","display_name":"cardiovascular risk","score":0.6399999856948853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8391000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776954865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546498","display_name":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","level":4,"score":0.6513000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.604200005531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4747999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.3248000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909478654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935","display_name":"Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","level":3,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778772119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058862","display_name":"Fatty liver","level":3,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780578515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657193","display_name":"Metabolic syndrome","level":3,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776782570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357439","display_name":"Adiponectin","level":4,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:medicalsciencereview.com:article/3093","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://medicalsciencereview.com/index.php/Journal/article/view/3093","pdf_url":"https://medicalsciencereview.com/index.php/Journal/article/download/3093/2513","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407075226","display_name":"The Research of Medical Science Review","issn_l":"3007-1208","issn":["3007-1208","3007-1216"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3007-1208","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18586829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18586829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18586829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18586830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18586830","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18586830","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:medicalsciencereview.com:article/3093","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://medicalsciencereview.com/index.php/Journal/article/view/3093","pdf_url":"https://medicalsciencereview.com/index.php/Journal/article/download/3093/2513","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407075226","display_name":"The Research of Medical Science Review","issn_l":"3007-1208","issn":["3007-1208","3007-1216"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3007-1208","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis","display_name":"Meta-Analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128477753.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128477753.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965423912","https://openalex.org/W1980770174","https://openalex.org/W2093999428","https://openalex.org/W2598782894","https://openalex.org/W2602460727","https://openalex.org/W2987806707","https://openalex.org/W3092264591","https://openalex.org/W3202654248","https://openalex.org/W4288033742","https://openalex.org/W4384663321","https://openalex.org/W4412933408","https://openalex.org/W4413435515"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7149397995","https://openalex.org/W7222814700","https://openalex.org/W3028420550","https://openalex.org/W3159378552","https://openalex.org/W6893521780","https://openalex.org/W7213406442","https://openalex.org/W7106281891","https://openalex.org/W4293105676","https://openalex.org/W4323033441","https://openalex.org/W4283821900"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Nonalcoholic":[1],"fatty":[2],"liver":[3],"disease":[4,46],"(NAFLD)":[5],"is":[6,15,61,338,349,374,389],"being":[7],"recognized":[8],"as":[9],"a":[10,264,289,306,316,341,364,390],"multi-system":[11],"metabolic":[12,331,399],"disorder":[13],"that":[14,162,372,387],"closely":[16],"related":[17,351],"to":[18,33,137,238,298,352],"insulin":[19],"resistance":[20],"and":[21,37,40,56,67,83,91,204,224,253,302,329,348,359,395,400],"cardiovascular":[22,54,117,254,303,353,401],"risk.":[23,366],"While":[24],"often":[25],"independent":[26],"of":[27,42,44,71,74,78,93,104,110,115,127,130,150,186,196,218,233,251,260,267,312,322,326,345],"obesity,":[28],"NAFLD":[29,75,111,135,168,239,252,295,337,357,388,405],"has":[30],"been":[31],"linked":[32,237,297,339],"poor":[34],"cardio-metabolic":[35,318,392],"outcomes,":[36],"the":[38,45,72,102,108,113,128,142,158,184,194,197,213,323],"extent":[39],"consistency":[41],"associations":[43],"with":[47,76,112,122,216,263,320,340,355,381],"incident":[48,79,234,346],"type":[49],"2":[50],"diabetes":[51],"mellitus":[52],"(T2DM),":[53],"events":[55,82,118,255],"mortality":[57,84,304,378],"in":[58,85,141,183,377,379,404],"population-based":[59],"cohorts":[60,370],"uncertain.":[62],"Objectives:":[63],"To":[64],"systematically":[65,97],"review":[66,190,215],"quantitatively":[68],"synthesize":[69],"evidence":[70],"association":[73,109],"risk":[77,129,232,261,319,344,360,393,402],"T2DM,":[80,116],"CVD":[81],"adult":[86],"populations.":[87],"Methods:":[88],"PubMed,":[89],"Scopus":[90],"Web":[92],"Science":[94],"were":[95,139,146,181,210,287],"also":[96],"searched":[98],"for":[99,201,212,226],"literature":[100],"on":[101,305],"inception":[103],"data":[105],"bases":[106],"assessing":[107],"occurrence":[114],"or":[119,177],"mortality.":[120],"Studies":[121],"multivariable-adjusted":[123,222],"hazard":[124],"ratios":[125],"(HRs)":[126],"having":[131,134,363],"versus":[132],"not":[133,282],"compared":[136],"non-NAFLD":[138],"included":[140],"quantitative":[143,227,279],"meta-analysis.":[144],"HRs":[145,223],"pooled":[147],"by":[148],"use":[149],"random-effects":[151],"models":[152],"(DerSimonian-Laird).":[153],"Heterogeneity":[154],"was":[155,191,236,296],"tested":[156],"using":[157,193],"I2":[159,275],"statistic.":[160],"Articles":[161],"had":[163],"reported":[164],"different":[165],"contrasts":[166],"(e.g.,":[167],"regression":[169],"VS":[170],"persistence,":[171],"severity-based":[172],"comparisons,":[173],"phenotype-specific":[174],"analyses,":[175],"etc.)":[176],"incomparable":[178],"effect":[179,250],"measures":[180],"synthesized":[182],"form":[185],"narrative":[187],"synthesis.":[188,228],"The":[189,248],"conducted":[192],"guidelines":[195],"Preferred":[198],"Reporting":[199],"Items":[200],"Systematic":[202],"Reviews":[203],"Meta-Analyses.":[205],"Results:":[206],"Ten":[207],"cohort":[208],"studies":[209,314],"eligible":[211,225,291],"systematic":[214],"five":[217],"them":[219],"providing":[220],"comparable":[221],"A":[229],"significantly":[230,342],"higher":[231,343,365],"T2DM":[235,347],"(pooled":[240,269],"HR":[241,270],"2.04,":[242],"95%":[243,272],"CI":[244,273],"1.52-2.74;":[245],"I2=":[246],"38.2%).":[247],"combined":[249,398],"demonstrated":[256],"non-significant":[257],"positive":[258],"trend":[259],"increase":[262,376],"high":[265,300],"degree":[266],"heterogeneity":[268],"1.09,":[271],"0.98-1.21;":[274],"=":[276],"82.4%).":[277],"Mortality":[278],"pooling":[280],"could":[281],"be":[283],"done":[284],"because":[285],"there":[286,373],"only":[288],"few":[290],"studies;":[292],"nevertheless,":[293],"biopsy-confirmed":[294,382],"very":[299],"all-cause":[301],"large":[307,369],"nationwide":[308],"cohort.":[309],"Narrative":[310],"synthesis":[311],"non-poolable":[313],"supported":[315],"graded":[317],"severity":[321,361],"disease,":[324],"persistence":[325],"hepatic":[327],"steatosis":[328],"adverse":[330],"phenotypes,":[332],"including":[333],"lean":[334],"NAFLD.":[335,383],"Conclusion:":[336],"heterogeneously":[350],"events,":[354],"some":[356],"phenotypes":[358],"strata":[362],"Evidence":[367],"from":[368],"suggests":[371],"an":[375],"individuals":[380],"These":[384],"results":[385],"indicate":[386],"significant":[391],"factor":[394],"supports":[396],"evidence-based":[397],"evaluation":[403],"patients.":[406]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-02-11T00:00:00"}
