{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128399277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","title":"Visual Function Loss Through Opacified Media: Comparison Between Single- and Two-Photon Vision","display_name":"Visual Function Loss Through Opacified Media: Comparison Between Single- and Two-Photon Vision","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128399277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41660946"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","pdf_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938746/i2164-2591-15-2-11_1770375575.20866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764591444","display_name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","issn_l":"2164-2591","issn":["2164-2591"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Vision Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938746/i2164-2591-15-2-11_1770375575.20866.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091964675","display_name":"Ava Niknahad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6582-0436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6582-0436"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ava Niknahad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA","The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046581226","display_name":"Agnieszka Zieli\u0144ska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1528-0028","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1528-0028"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019271933","display_name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University","ror":"https://ror.org/0102mm775","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019271933"]}],"countries":["DE","PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agnieszka Zieli\u0144ska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland","The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019271933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020915834","display_name":"Hyeck-Soo Son","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1065-4035","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1065-4035"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyeck-Soo Son","raw_affiliation_strings":["The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022289099","display_name":"Katarzyna Komar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0229-3735","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0229-3735"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019271933","display_name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University","ror":"https://ror.org/0102mm775","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019271933"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157029","display_name":"Institute of Physical Chemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/05e830h62","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157029","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99542240","display_name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206","country_code":"PL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katarzyna Komar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland","Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland","International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157029","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019271933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157029","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034089618","display_name":"Sebastian Ma\u0107kowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1560-6315","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1560-6315"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019271933","display_name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University","ror":"https://ror.org/0102mm775","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019271933"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Ma\u0107kowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019271933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038756249","display_name":"Gerd Uwe Auffarth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6927-5251","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6927-5251"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerd U. Auffarth","raw_affiliation_strings":["The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090366762","display_name":"Grzegorz \u0141abuz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8568-9684","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8568-9684"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Grzegorz \u0141abuz","raw_affiliation_strings":["The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090366762"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":7.505,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92924932,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"11","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11291","display_name":"Intraocular Surgery and Lenses","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11291","display_name":"Intraocular Surgery and Lenses","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intraocular-lens-opacification","display_name":"intraocular lens opacification","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cataract","display_name":"cataract","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility-threshold","display_name":"visibility threshold","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stray-light","display_name":"stray light","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monofocal-intraocular-lens","display_name":"monofocal intraocular lens","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-function-loss","display_name":"visual function loss","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threshold-ratio","display_name":"threshold ratio","score":0.6200000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779100554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25303769","display_name":"Microperimetry","level":3,"score":0.7028999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5182999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4912000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4666999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.4636000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15123163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500096","display_name":"Psychophysics","level":3,"score":0.4239000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64731932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371090","display_name":"Blind spot","level":2,"score":0.4065000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110235638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17119820","display_name":"Sensory threshold","level":2,"score":0.3815000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019361169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2609467","display_name":"Detection threshold","level":2,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68537008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247932","display_name":"Stereopsis","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126057942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35158","display_name":"Stereoscopy","level":2,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778257484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555066","display_name":"Visual acuity","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168260308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7611259","display_name":"Stereoscopic acuity","level":3,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776058522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364768","display_name":"Visual field","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121958486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609543","display_name":"Binocular vision","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002386","descriptor_name":"Cataract","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002386","descriptor_name":"Cataract","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002386","descriptor_name":"Cataract","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007259","descriptor_name":"Infrared Rays","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007259","descriptor_name":"Infrared Rays","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007910","descriptor_name":"Lenses, Intraocular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007910","descriptor_name":"Lenses, Intraocular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007910","descriptor_name":"Lenses, Intraocular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007910","descriptor_name":"Lenses, Intraocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007910","descriptor_name":"Lenses, Intraocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012542","descriptor_name":"Scattering, Radiation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012542","descriptor_name":"Scattering, Radiation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012542","descriptor_name":"Scattering, Radiation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012684","descriptor_name":"Sensory Thresholds","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012684","descriptor_name":"Sensory Thresholds","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014786","descriptor_name":"Vision Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014786","descriptor_name":"Vision Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014786","descriptor_name":"Vision Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014786","descriptor_name":"Vision Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","pdf_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938746/i2164-2591-15-2-11_1770375575.20866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764591444","display_name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","issn_l":"2164-2591","issn":["2164-2591"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Vision Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41660946","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41660946","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational vision science & technology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11705939","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12898926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12898926","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12898926/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transl Vis Sci Technol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.11","pdf_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938746/i2164-2591-15-2-11_1770375575.20866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764591444","display_name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","issn_l":"2164-2591","issn":["2164-2591"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Vision Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3628649320","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FENG.02.01-IP.05-T005/23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321042","funder_display_name":"Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3988209091","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"05-T005/23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321042","funder_display_name":"Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G442103306","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FENG.02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321042","funder_display_name":"Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G57182573","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-2027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321042","funder_display_name":"Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7799207878","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021\u20132027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","ror":"https://ror.org/039djdh30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321042","display_name":"Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej","ror":"https://ror.org/048zd9m77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324316","display_name":"Klaus Tschira Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/052jep661"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128399277.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128399277.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068333482","https://openalex.org/W2105517894","https://openalex.org/W2129785995","https://openalex.org/W2156614993","https://openalex.org/W2298790806","https://openalex.org/W2298845395","https://openalex.org/W2344435438","https://openalex.org/W2592262283","https://openalex.org/W2756091590","https://openalex.org/W2884308083","https://openalex.org/W2968428583","https://openalex.org/W2999757632","https://openalex.org/W3038929327","https://openalex.org/W3084432515","https://openalex.org/W3110798870","https://openalex.org/W3111001633","https://openalex.org/W3128480284","https://openalex.org/W3189476909","https://openalex.org/W3214499501","https://openalex.org/W4220987918","https://openalex.org/W4304893128","https://openalex.org/W4394709971"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"The":[1],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,11,96,110,128,131,229],"this":[4],"study":[5],"is":[6,240],"to":[7],"quantify":[8],"the":[9,81,154,162,217],"effect":[10],"monofocal":[12],"intraocular":[13],"lens":[14],"(IOL)":[15],"turbidity":[16],"on":[17,58,181],"visibility":[18,50,134,155,188,223,235],"threshold":[19,24,51,56,116,135,140,156,166,189,194,221,224,233,236,250],"and":[20,31,44,52,63,75,101,122,136,190,207,246],"spatial":[21,53,137,163,191,218,230],"pattern":[22,54,138,164,192,219,231],"detection":[23,55,139,165,193,220,232],"with":[25,39,212,215],"an":[26],"infrared":[27],"(IR)-two-photon":[28],"(2P)":[29],"approach,":[30],"visible":[32,45,152,184,213],"light.":[33],"Methods:":[34],"Three":[35],"observers":[36],"were":[37,77,142],"tested":[38],"pulsed":[40],"IR":[41,175],"(1045":[42],"nm)":[43,48],"lights":[46],"(522.5":[47],"using":[49,68],"methods":[57],"two":[59],"clear":[60,82,121],"control":[61],"IOLs":[62,83,89,103],"11":[64],"explanted":[65],"opacified":[66,102,123],"IOLs,":[67],"our":[69],"2P":[70,202],"microperimetry":[71,239],"setup.":[72],"IOL":[73],"power":[74],"straylight":[76,95,109,132,182,209],"measured.":[78],"Data":[79],"from":[80],"served":[84],"as":[85],"control.":[86],"Results:":[87],"Control":[88],"(20":[90],"D)":[91,105],"had":[92,106],"a":[93,107],"mean":[94,108],"0.57":[97],"\u00b1":[98,112],"0.05":[99],"logs":[100],"(18.9-21.8":[104],"2.16":[111],"0.37":[113],"logs.":[114],"Most":[115],"measurements":[117,176,203],"differed":[118],"significantly":[119,178],"between":[120],"IOLs.":[124],"For":[125,151],"IR,":[126],"slopes":[127],"linear":[129],"regression":[130],"vs.":[133,145,169],"ratios":[141],"similar":[143],"(0.78":[144],"0.93":[146],"logs-1;":[147,171],"P":[148,172],"=":[149,173],"0.8531).":[150],"light,":[153],"ratio":[157,167,251],"slope":[158],"was":[159],"lower":[160,205],"than":[161,183],"(2.97":[168],"4.53":[170],"0.0008).":[174],"showed":[177],"less":[179,241],"dependence":[180,210],"light":[185,214],"for":[186],"both":[187],"(P":[195],"<":[196],"0.00001).":[197],"Conclusions:":[198],"We":[199],"found":[200],"that":[201],"yield":[204,248],"variability":[206],"reduced":[208],"compared":[211],"either":[216],"or":[222,234],"methods.":[225],"Translational":[226],"Relevance:":[227],"Regardless":[228],"methods,":[237],"two-photon":[238],"affected":[242],"by":[243],"increased":[244],"opacity":[245],"may":[247],"consistent":[249],"results.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2026-02-10T00:00:00"}
