{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128380627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/epi.70143","title":"Subjective symptoms of functional/dissociative seizures and their diagnostic value: A systematic review","display_name":"Subjective symptoms of functional/dissociative seizures and their diagnostic value: A systematic review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128380627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/epi.70143","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41661078"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/epi.70143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/epi.70143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/epi.70143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203153751","display_name":"Epilepsia","issn_l":"0013-9580","issn":["0013-9580","1528-1157","1528-1167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/238171/2/76c9cff1-9119-4bde-b426-58f49aa9bb57%20%281%29.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qing Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4971-9668","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4971-9668"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183519381","display_name":"Capital Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183519381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094218","display_name":"Xuan Wu Hospital of the Capital Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00k7r7f88","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094218"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qing Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4971-9668","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381","https://openalex.org/I4210094218"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125389278","display_name":"Zuzana Pastircakova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5653-0701","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5653-0701"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuzana Pastircakova","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine and Population Health University of Sheffield  Sheffield UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5653-0701","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine and Population Health University of Sheffield  Sheffield UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066817638","display_name":"Gregg Harry Rawlings","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4962-3551","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4962-3551"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregg H. Rawlings","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical and Applied Psychology Unit University of Sheffield  Sheffield UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4962-3551","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical and Applied Psychology Unit University of Sheffield  Sheffield UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011622439","display_name":"Markus Reuber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4104-6705","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4104-6705"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801732343","display_name":"Royal Hallamshire Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00514rc81","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801732343","https://openalex.org/I4210102902"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Reuber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academic Neurology Unit University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital  Sheffield UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4104-6705","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academic Neurology Unit University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital  Sheffield UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801732343","https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183519381","https://openalex.org/I4210094218"],"apc_list":{"value":4360,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4360},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1442,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79292267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"5","first_page":"2305","last_page":"2325"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11334","display_name":"Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11334","display_name":"Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11950","display_name":"Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-dissociative-seizures","display_name":"functional/dissociative seizures","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subjective-symptoms","display_name":"subjective symptoms","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-reported-experience","display_name":"patient-reported experience","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-diagnosis","display_name":"differential diagnosis","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensory-symptoms","display_name":"sensory symptoms","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperarousal","display_name":"hyperarousal","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissociation","display_name":"dissociation","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epileptic-seizures","display_name":"epileptic seizures","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symptom-variability","display_name":"symptom variability","score":0.34200000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5519000291824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837512","display_name":"Differential diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.5131000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992477034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83042","display_name":"Clinical neurology","level":2,"score":0.4101000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3824000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3817000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37470000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523008124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5357996","display_name":"Electrodiagnosis","level":2,"score":0.35659998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.349700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3481999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780317758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339235","display_name":"Neurological disorder","level":3,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020132585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2671652","display_name":"Diagnostic accuracy","level":2,"score":0.33320000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018875020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1441305","display_name":"Signs and symptoms","level":2,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062122","display_name":"Central nervous system disease","level":2,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.25279998779296875}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004213","descriptor_name":"Dissociative Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/epi.70143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/epi.70143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/epi.70143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203153751","display_name":"Epilepsia","issn_l":"0013-9580","issn":["0013-9580","1528-1157","1528-1167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41661078","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41661078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:238171","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4971-9668>,","pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/238171/2/76c9cff1-9119-4bde-b426-58f49aa9bb57%20%281%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:238171","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4971-9668>,","pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/238171/2/76c9cff1-9119-4bde-b426-58f49aa9bb57%20%281%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6362418491","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"81501119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320290","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128380627.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128380627.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Although":[1],"subjective":[2,33,243,284],"symptoms":[3,155,183,189,194,244,265,295],"have":[4],"received":[5],"less":[6],"attention":[7],"than":[8],"observable":[9],"manifestations":[10],"of":[11,35,75,133,156,222,241,249,257],"functional/dissociative":[12],"seizures":[13],"(FDS),":[14],"patient-reported":[15],"experiences":[16],"provide":[17],"important":[18],"insights":[19],"for":[20,57,88],"diagnosis":[21],"and":[22,28,37,47,80,91,118,163,179,186,192,197,210,214,251,261,296,302],"management.":[23],"This":[24],"systematic":[25],"review":[26,68],"summarizes":[27],"synthesizes":[29],"studies":[30,58,151,223,288],"describing":[31],"the":[32,131,145,237],"symptomatology":[34],"FDS":[36,65,157,231,267,285,294],"narratively":[38,143],"discusses":[39],"their":[40],"potential":[41],"diagnostic":[42,239,281],"value.":[43],"METHODS:":[44],"MEDLINE,":[45],"PsycINFO,":[46],"CINAHL":[48],"were":[49,108,123,141,152,158,172,199,216,225],"searched":[50],"from":[51,232,283],"January":[52],"1990":[53],"to":[54,207,278],"May":[55],"2025":[56],"reporting":[59],"qualitative":[60],"or":[61],"quantitative":[62,139],"data":[63,115,122],"on":[64,110],"symptoms.":[66,120,181,286],"The":[67],"was":[69,98,245],"registered":[70],"in":[71,82,129,218,266],"International":[72],"Prospective":[73],"Register":[74],"Systematic":[76,89],"Reviews":[77],"(PROSPERO;":[78],"CRD420251008332)":[79],"reported":[81,119,202,228],"accordance":[83],"with":[84],"Preferred":[85],"Reporting":[86,130],"Items":[87],"reviews":[90],"Meta-Analyses":[92],"(PRISMA)":[93],"2020":[94],"guidelines.":[95],"Study":[96],"quality":[97],"assessed":[99],"using":[100,299],"Critical":[101],"Appraisal":[102],"Skills":[103],"Programme":[104],"(CASP)":[105],"tools.":[106],"Data":[107],"extracted":[109],"study":[111,297],"design,":[112],"sample":[113],"characteristics,":[114],"acquisition":[116],"method,":[117],"Qualitative":[121,134],"analyzed":[124],"thematically":[125],"following":[126],"Enhancing":[127],"Transparency":[128],"Synthesis":[132],"Research":[135],"(ENTREQ)":[136],"principles,":[137],"whereas":[138],"findings":[140],"synthesized":[142],"within":[144,162],"same":[146],"thematic":[147],"framework.":[148],"RESULTS:":[149],"Forty-seven":[150],"included.":[153],"Subjective":[154,264],"highly":[159],"variable":[160],"both":[161],"between":[164,212],"individuals.":[165],"Across":[166],"studies,":[167],"six":[168],"broad":[169],"symptom":[170],"domains":[171],"identified:":[173],"sensory/pain,":[174],"arousal,":[175],"emotional,":[176],"consciousness-related,":[177],"cognitive,":[178],"motor":[180],"Sensory":[182],"(particularly":[184],"pain":[185],"headache),":[187],"arousal-related":[188],"(especially":[190,195],"hyperarousal),":[191],"emotional":[193],"panic":[196],"anxiety)":[198],"most":[200],"frequently":[201],"across":[203],"studies.":[204],"Symptoms":[205],"related":[206],"altered":[208],"awareness":[209,213],"dissociation":[211],"responsiveness":[215],"described":[217],"a":[219],"smaller":[220],"number":[221],"but":[224,270],"more":[226],"consistently":[227],"as":[229],"differentiating":[230],"epileptic":[233],"seizures.":[234],"In":[235],"contrast,":[236],"differential":[238,280],"value":[240,282],"other":[242],"limited":[246],"by":[247],"lack":[248],"specificity":[250],"insufficient":[252],"detail":[253],"regarding":[254],"context,":[255],"mode":[256],"onset,":[258],"spread,":[259],"duration":[260],"quality.":[262],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[263],"are":[268,276],"diverse,":[269],"common":[271],"themes":[272],"emerge.":[273],"Detailed":[274],"descriptions":[275],"required":[277],"extract":[279],"Future":[287],"should":[289],"collect":[290],"structured":[291],"information":[292],"about":[293],"them":[298],"systematic,":[300],"multimodal,":[301],"cross-cultural":[303],"approaches.":[304]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2026-02-10T00:00:00"}
