{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128375998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","title":"Myopia Prescription Based on Smartphone App: A Feasibility Study in Africa","display_name":"Myopia Prescription Based on Smartphone App: A Feasibility Study in Africa","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128375998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41660945"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","pdf_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938746/i2164-2591-15-2-13_1770375572.80568.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764591444","display_name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","issn_l":"2164-2591","issn":["2164-2591"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Vision Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938746/i2164-2591-15-2-13_1770375572.80568.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064745514","display_name":"Gang Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-6236","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-6236"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1287163989","display_name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/04g3dn724","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gang Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125417907","display_name":"Biruk Tekle","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biruk Tekle","raw_affiliation_strings":["MCM Eye Unit, MyungSung Christian Medical Center (MCM) General Hospital and MyungSung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MCM Eye Unit, MyungSung Christian Medical Center (MCM) General Hospital and MyungSung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009892560","display_name":"Shrinivas J. Pundlik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8766-7112","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8766-7112"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1287163989","display_name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/04g3dn724","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shrinivas Pundlik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chen-Yuan Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1287163989","display_name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/04g3dn724","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen-Yuan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086915661","display_name":"Aida Abashawl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8971-6239","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8971-6239"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aida Abashawl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Berhan Public Health and Eye Care Consultancy, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Berhan Public Health and Eye Care Consultancy, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006274430","display_name":"John H. Kempen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2967-4792","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2967-4792"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1287163989","display_name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/04g3dn724","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4537092","display_name":"Addis Ababa University","ror":"https://ror.org/038b8e254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]}],"countries":["ET","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John H. Kempen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","Department of Ophthalmology, Addis Ababa University School of Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","MCM Eye Unit, MyungSung Christian Medical Center (MCM) General Hospital and MyungSung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","Sight for Souls, Bellevue, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Addis Ababa University School of Medicine, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4537092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MCM Eye Unit, MyungSung Christian Medical Center (MCM) General Hospital and MyungSung Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sight for Souls, Bellevue, WA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064745514"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287163989","https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.2753,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89966481,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"13","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14384","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Health Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12006","display_name":"Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myopia","display_name":"myopia","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-application","display_name":"mobile application","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractive-error-measurement","display_name":"refractive error measurement","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spherical-equivalent","display_name":"spherical equivalent","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vision-correction","display_name":"vision correction","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncorrected-refractive-error","display_name":"uncorrected refractive error","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-acuity","display_name":"visual acuity","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astigmatism","display_name":"astigmatism","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avoidable-blindness","display_name":"avoidable blindness","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-eye-care","display_name":"rural eye care","score":0.7160000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.7202000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6496000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780929884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Blindness","level":2,"score":0.5626999735832214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.5515000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.33390000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779891985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46994","display_name":"Telemedicine","level":3,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.328900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781372952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Visual impairment","level":2,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020250448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620615","display_name":"Smartphone application","level":2,"score":0.2484000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.2402999997138977}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068997","descriptor_name":"Smartphone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005002","descriptor_name":"Ethiopia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005002","descriptor_name":"Ethiopia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005002","descriptor_name":"Ethiopia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005002","descriptor_name":"Ethiopia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005139","descriptor_name":"Eyeglasses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005139","descriptor_name":"Eyeglasses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005139","descriptor_name":"Eyeglasses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005139","descriptor_name":"Eyeglasses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005139","descriptor_name":"Eyeglasses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005139","descriptor_name":"Eyeglasses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009216","descriptor_name":"Myopia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012029","descriptor_name":"Refraction, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012029","descriptor_name":"Refraction, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012029","descriptor_name":"Refraction, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012029","descriptor_name":"Refraction, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012029","descriptor_name":"Refraction, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012029","descriptor_name":"Refraction, Ocular","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014787","descriptor_name":"Vision Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014787","descriptor_name":"Vision Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014787","descriptor_name":"Vision Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014787","descriptor_name":"Vision Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055656","descriptor_name":"Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055656","descriptor_name":"Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055656","descriptor_name":"Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055656","descriptor_name":"Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055656","descriptor_name":"Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055656","descriptor_name":"Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","pdf_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938746/i2164-2591-15-2-13_1770375572.80568.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764591444","display_name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","issn_l":"2164-2591","issn":["2164-2591"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Vision Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41660945","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41660945","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational vision science & technology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11705951","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12898938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12898938","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12898938/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transl Vis Sci Technol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.15.2.13","pdf_url":"https://tvst.arvojournals.org/arvo/content_public/journal/tvst/938746/i2164-2591-15-2-13_1770375572.80568.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764591444","display_name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","issn_l":"2164-2591","issn":["2164-2591"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315919","host_organization_name":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Translational Vision Science &amp; Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6660488032","display_name":"Overcome the barriers of vision care in Africa using smartphones","funder_award_id":"5r21ey034345-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000866050","display_name":"Overcome the barriers of vision care in Africa using smartphones","funder_award_id":"5r33ey034345-04","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128375998.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128375998.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971804569","https://openalex.org/W1982801210","https://openalex.org/W2003727980","https://openalex.org/W2019784015","https://openalex.org/W2072175453","https://openalex.org/W2073969334","https://openalex.org/W2105403986","https://openalex.org/W2124580893","https://openalex.org/W2137711470","https://openalex.org/W2149932985","https://openalex.org/W2161613065","https://openalex.org/W2263495255","https://openalex.org/W2427647243","https://openalex.org/W2509209223","https://openalex.org/W2758013269","https://openalex.org/W2761604622","https://openalex.org/W2767716616","https://openalex.org/W2794401950","https://openalex.org/W2885988048","https://openalex.org/W2980141701","https://openalex.org/W2990355103","https://openalex.org/W3000129742","https://openalex.org/W3012028988","https://openalex.org/W3013331576","https://openalex.org/W3108535759","https://openalex.org/W3110054227","https://openalex.org/W3110220146","https://openalex.org/W4214759810","https://openalex.org/W4289637715","https://openalex.org/W4319332842","https://openalex.org/W4376129617","https://openalex.org/W4386776812","https://openalex.org/W4388442823","https://openalex.org/W4393933871","https://openalex.org/W4400235719","https://openalex.org/W4400318259","https://openalex.org/W4408780428","https://openalex.org/W4411280650","https://openalex.org/W4412765604","https://openalex.org/W4412840123","https://openalex.org/W4413758718"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"Uncorrected":[1],"refractive":[2,54,81,131],"error":[3,55,132],"(URE)":[4],"is":[5,242],"the":[6,20,36,43,47,58,99,149,176,180,189,195,221,225,233],"leading":[7],"cause":[8],"of":[9,22,38,98,128,151,179,211],"vision":[10,39,230],"impairment,":[11],"especially":[12],"in":[13,91,257,261],"rural,":[14],"underserved":[15,262],"areas.":[16],"We":[17],"previously":[18],"evaluated":[19,35],"accuracy":[21],"a":[23,171],"smartphone":[24],"app":[25,51,222],"for":[26,62,229,239],"measuring":[27,57],"spherical":[28,129,190,226],"equivalent":[29,130,191,227],"refraction.":[30],"In":[31],"this":[32],"study,":[33],"we":[34],"benefits":[37],"correction":[40,192,231],"based":[41,193],"on":[42,194,213],"prescription":[44,228],"given":[45],"by":[46,56,170],"app.":[48],"Methods:":[49],"The":[50,95,112,126],"estimates":[52],"myopic":[53],"far":[59],"point":[60],"distances":[61],"reading":[63],"20/20":[64],"Tumbling":[65],"E":[66],"letters.":[67],"Trial":[68],"lenses":[69],"rounded":[70],"to":[71,77,103,136,145,155,162,166,203,223,244],"0.25":[72],"diopter":[73],"(D)":[74],"were":[75,120],"fitted":[76],"100":[78],"patients":[79],"(myopic":[80],"error,":[82],"astigmatism":[83,152,241],"<":[84],"1.5":[85],"D)":[86],"visiting":[87],"MCM":[88],"Eye":[89],"Unit":[90],"Addis":[92],"Ababa,":[93],"Ethiopia.":[94],"age":[96],"range":[97,127,140,150],"participants":[100],"was":[101,133,153,183,200],"10":[102],"68":[104],"years":[105],"(mean":[106],"=":[107,142,159],"31.3":[108],"\u00b1":[109,185,205],"13.0":[110],"years).":[111],"refraction":[113,168,196],"measurement":[114],"and":[115,148],"visual":[116],"acuity":[117],"(VA)":[118],"tests":[119],"all":[121],"performed":[122,169],"without":[123],"cycloplegia.":[124],"Results:":[125],"-0.5":[134,160],"D":[135,138,144,157,161],"-6":[137],"(interquartile":[139],"[IQR]":[141],"-2.25":[143],"-0.95":[146],"D),":[147,164],"0":[154,163],"-1.25":[156],"(IQR":[158],"according":[165],"subjective":[167],"study":[172,217],"optometrist.":[173],"On":[174],"average,":[175],"uncorrected":[177],"VA":[178,199],"200":[181],"eyes":[182],"0.57":[184],"0.32":[186],"logMAR.":[187],"With":[188],"app,":[197],"their":[198],"improved":[201],"significantly":[202],"0.03":[204],"0.09":[206],"logMAR-more":[207],"than":[208],"5":[209],"lines":[210],"improvement,":[212],"average.":[214],"Conclusions:":[215],"This":[216,249],"indicates":[218],"that":[219],"using":[220],"determine":[224],"addresses":[232],"URE":[234],"problem,":[235],"whereas":[236],"its":[237],"effect":[238],"prominent":[240],"yet":[243],"be":[245],"evaluated.":[246],"Translational":[247],"Relevance:":[248],"approach,":[250],"which":[251],"requires":[252],"minimal":[253],"training,":[254],"has":[255],"potential":[256],"fighting":[258],"avoidable":[259],"blindness":[260],"areas":[263],"lacking":[264],"optometry":[265],"services,":[266],"such":[267],"as":[268],"remote":[269],"Sub-Saharan":[270],"Africa.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2026-02-10T00:00:00"}
