{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128138367","doi":null,"title":"Reasoning with Natural Language: Probing Transformer models' ability to perform formal reasoning in natural language","display_name":"Reasoning with Natural Language: Probing Transformer models' ability to perform formal reasoning in natural language","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128138367"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:studenttheses/66df9334-6114-406f-9231-ad08b9937f63","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/66df9334-6114-406f-9231-ad08b9937f63","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"synchronisedUnifiedStudentThesis","raw_type":"Phd"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125116361","display_name":"Tharindu Batawala Acharige","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Batawala Acharige, Tharindu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125116361"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.5673999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.5673999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.21410000324249268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.1453000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-reasoning","display_name":"natural language reasoning","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-reasoning","display_name":"formal reasoning","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"transformer models","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-question-answering","display_name":"natural language question answering","score":0.5509999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.6712999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6495000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195344581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555318","display_name":"Automated reasoning","level":2,"score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5037000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.4934999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.46869999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4625000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159032336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488768","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","level":2,"score":0.42879998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89288958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7301504","display_name":"Reasoning system","level":2,"score":0.42340001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20162079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151406","display_name":"Case-based reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4187999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185954173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4347052","display_name":"Object language","level":3,"score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37335422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888134","display_name":"Model-based reasoning","level":3,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97364631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484284","display_name":"Deductive reasoning","level":2,"score":0.3767000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.34769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146072743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192161","display_name":"Formal language","level":2,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.32440000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67463725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17081452","display_name":"Natural language programming","level":5,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86827895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098582","display_name":"Opportunistic reasoning","level":4,"score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62073222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1572108","display_name":"Natural deduction","level":2,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103057564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4751139","display_name":"Analytic reasoning","level":3,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200065993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3954981","display_name":"Computational semantics","level":4,"score":0.26339998841285706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:studenttheses/66df9334-6114-406f-9231-ad08b9937f63","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/66df9334-6114-406f-9231-ad08b9937f63","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"synchronisedUnifiedStudentThesis","raw_type":"Phd"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7039767753","https://openalex.org/W3203211567","https://openalex.org/W6964678791","https://openalex.org/W4385573566","https://openalex.org/W7117897078","https://openalex.org/W7085828648","https://openalex.org/W7142818114","https://openalex.org/W3006188107","https://openalex.org/W6885171771","https://openalex.org/W7218106233"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-02-07T00:00:00"}