{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128062863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8","title":"Reducing the Dimensions of Active Galactic Nuclei Light-curve Manifolds","display_name":"Reducing the Dimensions of Active Galactic Nuclei Light-curve Manifolds","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128062863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1980519","display_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","issn_l":"0004-637X","issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080513335","display_name":"Shoubaneh Hemmati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-5395","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-5395"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167273","display_name":"Infrared Processing and Analysis Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05q79g396","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shoubaneh Hemmati","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-5395","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058166762","display_name":"Jessica Krick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-5976","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-5976"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167273","display_name":"Infrared Processing and Analysis Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05q79g396","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jessica Krick","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-5976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030771447","display_name":"Daniel K. Stern","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-9241","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-9241"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Stern","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-9241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123006507","display_name":"Vandana Desai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1340-0543","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1340-0543"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167273","display_name":"Infrared Processing and Analysis Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05q79g396","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vandana Desai","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1340-0543","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089805698","display_name":"Andreas L. Faisst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9382-9832","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9382-9832"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167273","display_name":"Infrared Processing and Analysis Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05q79g396","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Faisst","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9382-9832","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122997317","display_name":"Lucas Martin-Garcia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7840-931X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7840-931X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182083151","display_name":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5cv687","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Mart\u00edn-Garc\u00eda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Mostoles, Madrid 28933, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7840-931X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Mostoles, Madrid 28933, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036064666","display_name":"Varoujan Gorjian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-2101","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-2101"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167273","display_name":"Infrared Processing and Analysis Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05q79g396","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Varoujan Gorjian","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-2101","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119757468","display_name":"Aryana Haghjoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3071-7143","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3071-7143"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aryana Haghjoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3071-7143","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028539105","display_name":"Farnik Nikakhtar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-4366","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-4366"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farnik Nikakhtar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-4366","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002874651","display_name":"Troy Raen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3031-5279","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3031-5279"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167273","display_name":"Infrared Processing and Analysis Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05q79g396","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Troy Raen","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3031-5279","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111396641","display_name":"Sogol Sanjaripour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3048-9090","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3048-9090"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sogol Sanjaripour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3048-9090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071244545","display_name":"Brigitta Sip\u0151cz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3713-6337","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3713-6337"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167273","display_name":"Infrared Processing and Analysis Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05q79g396","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brigitta M. Sip\u0151cz","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3713-6337","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088456706","display_name":"David L. Shupe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-0430","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-0430"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167273","display_name":"Infrared Processing and Analysis Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05q79g396","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Shupe","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-0430","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; shemmati@caltech.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080513335"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I4210167273"],"apc_list":{"value":4499,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4499},"apc_paid":{"value":4499,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4499},"fwci":0.8211,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75556146,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"998","issue":"1","first_page":"130","last_page":"130"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.9340999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.9340999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10744","display_name":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","score":0.05249999836087227,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11323","display_name":"Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-galactic-nuclei","display_name":"active galactic nuclei","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold-learning","display_name":"manifold learning","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/changing-look-agn","display_name":"changing-look AGN","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agn-classification","display_name":"AGN classification","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quasars","display_name":"quasars","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrow-line-agn","display_name":"narrow-line AGN","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tidal-disruption-events","display_name":"tidal disruption","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agn-variability","display_name":"AGN variability","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiband-photometry","display_name":"multi-band photometry","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stellar-mass","display_name":"stellar mass","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/o-iii-luminosity","display_name":"[O III] luminosity","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dn4000","display_name":"Dn4000","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectroscopic-follow-up","display_name":"spectroscopic follow-up","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain-surveys","display_name":"time-domain surveys","score":0.6000000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43481613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46587","display_name":"Active galactic nucleus","level":3,"score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8787999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73329638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527","display_name":"Sky","level":2,"score":0.5720999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529865628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","level":2,"score":0.5368000268936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151876577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049464","display_name":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction","level":3,"score":0.47429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130726490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q675076","display_name":"Light curve","level":2,"score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.4124999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.39559999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.36899998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.34290000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59375849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013513","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","level":2,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.3138999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133725777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181505","display_name":"Astrometry","level":3,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1980519","display_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","issn_l":"0004-637X","issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2601.08037","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.08037","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2601.08037","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2e01ffa542f74789b3d9e7849ac8571d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2e01ffa542f74789b3d9e7849ac8571d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal, Vol 998, Iss 1, p 130 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2601.08037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.08037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2601.08037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae38b8/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1980519","display_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","issn_l":"0004-637X","issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332377","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338036","display_name":"Astrophysics Division","ror":"https://ror.org/021z1wf35"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128062863.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128062863.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147232447","https://openalex.org/W1491028812","https://openalex.org/W1698916124","https://openalex.org/W1967715705","https://openalex.org/W1967876247","https://openalex.org/W1971726014","https://openalex.org/W1972726488","https://openalex.org/W1976579441","https://openalex.org/W1979115990","https://openalex.org/W1985523694","https://openalex.org/W2018489450","https://openalex.org/W2025087761","https://openalex.org/W2038207393","https://openalex.org/W2049430551","https://openalex.org/W2052937506","https://openalex.org/W2071315938","https://openalex.org/W2091921805","https://openalex.org/W2122645142","https://openalex.org/W2124219338","https://openalex.org/W2125502568","https://openalex.org/W2163212281","https://openalex.org/W2170253548","https://openalex.org/W2207069478","https://openalex.org/W2233780967","https://openalex.org/W2395443874","https://openalex.org/W2498501129","https://openalex.org/W2512265107","https://openalex.org/W2517597384","https://openalex.org/W2566593834","https://openalex.org/W2604748517","https://openalex.org/W2620281106","https://openalex.org/W2725016803","https://openalex.org/W2768649576","https://openalex.org/W2795847830","https://openalex.org/W2803326584","https://openalex.org/W2888532099","https://openalex.org/W2889235767","https://openalex.org/W2905241809","https://openalex.org/W2905450617","https://openalex.org/W2911381628","https://openalex.org/W2940806714","https://openalex.org/W2944565007","https://openalex.org/W2946103238","https://openalex.org/W2950529756","https://openalex.org/W2965541175","https://openalex.org/W2967090580","https://openalex.org/W2968961343","https://openalex.org/W2978381090","https://openalex.org/W2989747508","https://openalex.org/W2996708912","https://openalex.org/W2997718174","https://openalex.org/W3002125163","https://openalex.org/W3025268337","https://openalex.org/W3042874991","https://openalex.org/W3043531208","https://openalex.org/W3082723280","https://openalex.org/W3127452014","https://openalex.org/W3157486272","https://openalex.org/W3160011729","https://openalex.org/W3190798848","https://openalex.org/W4205871486","https://openalex.org/W4212881834","https://openalex.org/W4221144145","https://openalex.org/W4221165467","https://openalex.org/W4281694390","https://openalex.org/W4283738894","https://openalex.org/W4298343156","https://openalex.org/W4312223323","https://openalex.org/W4313648746","https://openalex.org/W4328089518","https://openalex.org/W4385493970","https://openalex.org/W4388694244","https://openalex.org/W4398765907","https://openalex.org/W4405383324","https://openalex.org/W4407171744","https://openalex.org/W4408194270","https://openalex.org/W4414998740"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7124171546","https://openalex.org/W6893928164","https://openalex.org/W4405841004","https://openalex.org/W4416238749","https://openalex.org/W4221144145","https://openalex.org/W7124441641","https://openalex.org/W7126140946","https://openalex.org/W4404028773","https://openalex.org/W4381664539","https://openalex.org/W4396531448"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"active":[2],"galactic":[3],"nuclei":[4],"(AGNs)":[5],"glossary":[6],"is":[7],"vast":[8],"and":[9,18,32,39,91,111,138,140,180,183,197,206,249],"complex.":[10],"Depending":[11],"on":[12],"the":[13,26,33,81,84,96,164,174],"selection":[14,30],"method,":[15],"observing":[16],"wavelength,":[17],"brightness,":[19],"AGNs":[20,51,125,148,169],"are":[21],"assigned":[22],"distinct":[23,189],"labels,":[24],"yet":[25],"relationship":[27],"between":[28,55,178],"different":[29],"methods":[31],"diversity":[34],"of":[35,72,77,83,123,145,173],"time-domain":[36,247],"behavior":[37],"within":[38],"across":[40],"classes":[41],"remains":[42],"difficult":[43],"to":[44,222],"characterize":[45],"in":[46,79,188,217],"a":[47,68,120,142,218,241],"unified":[48],"framework.":[49],"Changing-look":[50],"(CLAGNs),":[52],"which":[53,80],"transition":[54],"classifications":[56],"over":[57],"time,":[58],"further":[59],"complicate":[60],"this":[61,64],"picture.":[62],"In":[63],"work,":[65],"we":[66,101],"learn":[67],"data-driven,":[69],"low-dimensional":[70,175],"representation":[71],"multiwavelength":[73],"photometric":[74],"light":[75,103],"curves":[76,104],"AGNs,":[78],"structure":[82],"projected":[85],"manifold":[86,238],"correlates":[87],"with":[88,153,194,225],"AGN":[89],"class":[90,160],"independent":[92,226],"spectroscopic":[93,196,251],"properties.":[94],"Using":[95],"NASA":[97],"Fornax":[98],"Science":[99],"Platform,":[100],"assemble":[102],"from":[105],"Zwicky":[106],"Transient":[107],"Facility,":[108],"Pan-STARRS,":[109],"Gaia,":[110],"Wide-field":[112],"Infrared":[113],"Survey":[114,134],"Explorer/NEOWISE":[115],"for":[116,245],"two":[117],"samples:":[118],"(1)":[119],"heterogeneous":[121,211],"set":[122],"\u223c2000":[124],"spanning":[126],"z":[127,150],"\u2272":[128],"1,":[129],"including":[130],"Sloan":[131],"Digital":[132],"Sky":[133],"quasars,":[135],"variability-selected":[136,168],"sources,":[137],"CLAGNs;":[139],"(2)":[141],"homogeneous":[143],"sample":[144],"\u223c65,000":[146],"narrow-line":[147],"at":[149],"\u2248":[151],"0.1":[152],"well-characterized":[154],"optical":[155],"emission-line":[156],"measurements.":[157],"Without":[158],"using":[159],"labels":[161],"during":[162],"training,":[163],"learned":[165],"manifolds":[166],"organize":[167],"into":[170],"coherent":[171],"regions":[172],"space,":[176],"distinguish":[177],"turn-on":[179],"turn-off":[181],"CLAGNs,":[182],"place":[184],"tidal":[185],"disruption":[186],"events":[187],"regions.":[190],"Manifold":[191],"coordinates":[192],"correlate":[193],"key":[195],"host-galaxy":[198],"properties\u2014including":[199],"stellar":[200],"mass,":[201],"[O":[202],"III":[203],"]":[204],"luminosity,":[205],"D":[207],"n":[208],"(4000)\u2014demonstrating":[209],"that":[210,237],"multiband":[212],"variability":[213],"can":[214],"be":[215],"combined":[216],"purely":[219],"data-driven":[220],"manner":[221],"recover":[223],"correlations":[224],"physical":[227,232],"diagnostics,":[228],"without":[229],"requiring":[230],"explicit":[231],"modeling.":[233],"These":[234],"results":[235],"show":[236],"learning":[239],"offers":[240],"practical,":[242],"assumption-light":[243],"approach":[244],"integrating":[246],"surveys":[248],"prioritizing":[250],"follow-up.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-02-07T00:00:00"}