{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128060434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","title":"\u201cPlay as a Nazi prison guard\u201d: childhood and adolescent exposure to online extremist materials in online gaming environments","display_name":"\u201cPlay as a Nazi prison guard\u201d: childhood and adolescent exposure to online extremist materials in online gaming environments","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128060434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41726080","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12920570"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007950442","display_name":"Jade Hutchinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4510-3375","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4510-3375"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21250087","display_name":"Charles University","ror":"https://ror.org/024d6js02","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jade Hutchinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Security Studies, Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Security Studies, Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074786862","display_name":"Ruxandra Mihaela Gheorghe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7523-4376","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7523-4376"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruxandra Mihaela Gheorghe","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Work, Carleton University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Work, Carleton University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055469606","display_name":"David Yuzva Clement","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0835-3711","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0835-3711"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Yuzva Clement","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Work, Carleton University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Work, Carleton University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004894871","display_name":"Kenton Bell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5536-4010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5536-4010"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenton Bell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116802126","display_name":"Lorraine Kellum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorraine Kellum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Educational Consultant, Teachstone Inc. M.A. in Education, Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Educational Consultant, Teachstone Inc. M.A. in Education, Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125156023","display_name":"Michaela Rana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99043593","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michaela Rana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Security Studies and Criminology, Macquarie University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Security Studies and Criminology, Macquarie University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116802127","display_name":"Alexander Shuttleworth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Shuttleworth","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Psychology, University of New South Wales"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Psychology, University of New South Wales","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047203508","display_name":"Stephanie Scott-Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99043593","display_name":"Macquarie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephanie Scott-Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Security Studies and Criminology, Macquarie University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Security Studies and Criminology, Macquarie University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99043593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007950442"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":5.8264,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91687468,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"1504584","last_page":"1504584"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-games","display_name":"online games","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremist-content","display_name":"extremist content","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-recruitment","display_name":"online recruitment","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-online-safety","display_name":"child online safety","score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safe-by-design","display_name":"safe-by-design","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-private-partnerships","display_name":"public-private partnerships","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socio-technical-environments","display_name":"socio-technical environments","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-opinion","display_name":"expert opinion","score":0.6990000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127627568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639361","display_name":"Sociotechnical system","level":2,"score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5712000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780656516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40357","display_name":"Prison","level":2,"score":0.5074999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.49570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776438695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28024857","display_name":"Violent extremism","level":3,"score":0.39500001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780656832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796573","display_name":"Online discussion","level":2,"score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.32429999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25032326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185467","display_name":"Socialization","level":2,"score":0.32170000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.3057999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137405303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094107","display_name":"Online participation","level":3,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17632256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076968","display_name":"Digital media","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986251926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168210","display_name":"Discussion board","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991793063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131774","display_name":"Adolescent development","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910942459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83267","display_name":"Criminal behaviour","level":2,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777154746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660567","display_name":"Child pornography","level":3,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.2549999952316284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41726080","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41726080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12920570","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12920570/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Psychol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:03f567641a534d4d889d3a267709013f","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/03f567641a534d4d889d3a267709013f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 16 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1504584/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9692511","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","issn_l":"1664-1078","issn":["1664-1078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7297000288963318,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128060434.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128060434.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W286030698","https://openalex.org/W2012000086","https://openalex.org/W2088180824","https://openalex.org/W2118609397","https://openalex.org/W2142038082","https://openalex.org/W2144586633","https://openalex.org/W2229600879","https://openalex.org/W2244626821","https://openalex.org/W2766918142","https://openalex.org/W3013221563","https://openalex.org/W4224323553","https://openalex.org/W4229378845","https://openalex.org/W4293586630","https://openalex.org/W4390578504","https://openalex.org/W4390730094","https://openalex.org/W4401639533","https://openalex.org/W4408851853"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4408851853","https://openalex.org/W4390590354","https://openalex.org/W7118890199","https://openalex.org/W6927727396","https://openalex.org/W4392915290","https://openalex.org/W7165289236","https://openalex.org/W4412798424","https://openalex.org/W7115182618","https://openalex.org/W4390578504","https://openalex.org/W4365147580"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,137],"article":[1,138],"analyzes":[2],"18":[3,34],"expert":[4],"assessments":[5],"reflecting":[6],"professional":[7],"evaluations":[8],"and":[9,17,27,37,42,49,59,69,75,94,98,114,141,146,153,162],"experiences":[10],"on":[11,126,160],"the":[12,46,63,81,92,95,102,127,155,166],"relationship":[13],"between":[14],"children,":[15],"adolescents,":[16],"online":[18,108,118,158],"gaming":[19,53,109],"technologies":[20],"that":[21,66],"facilitate":[22],"exposure":[23,71,133],"to":[24,72,100,143,150],"extremist":[25,73],"contents":[26],"recruiters.":[28],"We":[29,120],"conducted":[30],"semi-structured":[31],"interviews":[32],"with":[33,91],"researchers,":[35,144],"practitioners,":[36,145],"policymakers":[38,147],"from":[39],"government,":[40],"academic,":[41],"education-based":[43],"organizations":[44],"across":[45],"Indo-Pacific,":[47],"Europe,":[48],"North":[50],"America.":[51],"Online":[52],"emerged":[54],"as":[55],"a":[56],"prominent":[57],"concern":[58],"important":[60],"component":[61],"of":[62,83,107,157],"sociotechnical":[64,129],"environment":[65,130],"facilitates":[67],"children":[68,113],"adolescent":[70,163],"content":[74],"recruitment":[76],"activities.":[77],"The":[78],"findings":[79],"emphasized":[80],"importance":[82],"private-public":[84],"partnerships,":[85],"future":[86],"\"safety-by-design\"":[87],"initiatives,":[88],"interdisciplinary":[89],"collaboration":[90],"cognitive-psychological":[93],"developmental":[96],"sciences,":[97],"need":[99],"understand":[101,152],"swiftly":[103],"changing":[104],"technological":[105],"characteristics":[106],"in":[110,165],"shaping":[111],"how":[112],"adolescents":[115],"may":[116],"encounter":[117],"extremism.":[119],"also":[121],"highlight":[122],"these":[123],"experts'":[124],"opinions":[125],"wider":[128],"where":[131],"such":[132],"is":[134],"made":[135],"possible.":[136],"offers":[139],"guidance":[140],"recommendations":[142],"who":[148],"wish":[149],"better":[151],"address":[154],"influence":[156],"extremism":[159],"child":[161],"development":[164],"digital":[167],"age.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-02-07T00:00:00"}
