{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127620404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1","title":"Application of biofeedback loop in rehabilitation optimization after robot-assisted total knee replacement","display_name":"Application of biofeedback loop in rehabilitation optimization after robot-assisted total knee replacement","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127620404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-8657711/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-8657711/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025761461","display_name":"Ting Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1715-5976","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1715-5976"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099041","display_name":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0140x9678","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiujiang First People's Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125017348","display_name":"Mingzhu Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099041","display_name":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0140x9678","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingzhu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiujiang First People's Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047810307","display_name":"Shiguo Gong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099041","display_name":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0140x9678","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiguo Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiujiang First People's Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124989946","display_name":"Hui Deng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099041","display_name":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0140x9678","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiujiang First People's Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159940543","display_name":"Ying Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099041","display_name":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0140x9678","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiujiang First People's Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125076747","display_name":"Jianying Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099041","display_name":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0140x9678","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianying Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiujiang First People's Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiujiang First People's Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125017348"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099041"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10562","display_name":"Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes","score":0.6449999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10562","display_name":"Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes","score":0.6449999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.34940001368522644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10442","display_name":"Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-rehabilitation","display_name":"postoperative rehabilitation","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-electromyography","display_name":"surface electromyography","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piezoresistive-pressure-sensor","display_name":"piezoresistive pressure sensor","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"inertial measurement unit","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematic-tracking","display_name":"kinematic tracking","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-networks","display_name":"convolutional neural networks","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-activation-estimation","display_name":"muscle activation estimation","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait-symmetry","display_name":"gait symmetry","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-recovery","display_name":"functional recovery","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rehabilitation-costs","display_name":"rehabilitation costs","score":0.6330000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776377089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864329","display_name":"Biofeedback","level":2,"score":0.7303000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.651199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819478","display_name":"Rehabilitation","level":2,"score":0.5770999789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.570900022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.484499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.48410001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.47609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.3896999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.36910000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778715743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181802","display_name":"Prosthesis","level":2,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2434490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1306920","display_name":"Neurofeedback","level":3,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173906292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493441","display_name":"Gait analysis","level":3,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778336525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708178","display_name":"Arthroplasty","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100480397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7836899","display_name":"Treatment and control groups","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-8657711/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8657711/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-8657711/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7127620404.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7127620404.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050967880","https://openalex.org/W2051239218","https://openalex.org/W2140513563","https://openalex.org/W2918597016","https://openalex.org/W2968498345","https://openalex.org/W3109265980","https://openalex.org/W3192690235","https://openalex.org/W4364377298","https://openalex.org/W4367333636","https://openalex.org/W4400981111"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1789972603","https://openalex.org/W4281685072","https://openalex.org/W2960176742","https://openalex.org/W7117303834","https://openalex.org/W4406492846","https://openalex.org/W3096102333","https://openalex.org/W2897621388","https://openalex.org/W7116969729","https://openalex.org/W4417304650","https://openalex.org/W2484314814"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Objective:Robot-assisted":[1],"total":[2],"knee":[3],"replacement":[4],"(TKA)":[5],"faces":[6],"technical":[7,273],"gaps":[8],"including":[9],"lack":[10],"of":[11,29],"real-time":[12,129,252],"quantitative":[13],"feedback":[14,137],"and":[15,42,53,94,115,135,153,165,200,216,232,256,266,279,285],"insufficient":[16],"individualization":[17],"in":[18],"postoperative":[19,46,249,280],"rehabilitation.":[20,144,281],"This":[21],"study":[22],"aims":[23],"to":[24,74,86],"explore":[25],"the":[26,87,95,173,186,209,272],"application":[27],"value":[28],"a":[30,105,122],"multimodal":[31,242,253],"biofeedback":[32,222,243],"loop":[33,244],"system\u2014integrating":[34],"joint":[35],"pressure":[36,113],"sensing,":[37],"surface":[38],"electromyography":[39],"(sEMG)":[40],"monitoring,":[41],"kinematic":[43],"tracking\u2014in":[44],"optimizing":[45],"rehabilitation,":[47,92,99,296],"thereby":[48],"improving":[49],"functional":[50,263],"recovery":[51,193,264],"efficiency":[52,219,268],"prosthesis":[54,198],"long-term":[55],"survival":[56],"rate.":[57],"Methods:":[58],"A":[59],"single-center":[60],"randomized":[61],"controlled":[62],"trial":[63],"was":[64],"conducted":[65],"at":[66,148,181],"Jiujiang":[67],"First":[68],"People's":[69],"Hospital":[70],"from":[71],"January":[72],"2022":[73],"October":[75],"2025,":[76],"enrolling":[77],"160":[78],"robot-assisted":[79,247],"TKA":[80,248],"patients.":[81],"They":[82],"were":[83,146],"randomly":[84],"assigned":[85],"observation":[88,102,174,210],"group":[89,97,103,141,175,188,211],"(biofeedback":[90],"loop-assisted":[91],"n=80)":[93],"control":[96,140,187],"(traditional":[98],"n=80).":[100],"The":[101,139,221,241],"adopted":[104],"closed-loop":[106],"system":[107,223,245,289],"with":[108,121,190],"16-channel":[109],"sEMG":[110],"array,":[111],"piezoresistive":[112],"sensors,":[114],"inertial":[116],"measurement":[117],"units":[118],"(IMU),":[119],"combined":[120],"lightweight":[123],"convolutional":[124],"neural":[125],"network":[126],"(CNN)":[127],"for":[128,236,294],"data":[130,170,226,254],"analysis":[131],"(<=200":[132],"ms":[133,230],"delay)":[134],"dynamic":[136,257],"(vibration/visual/auditory).":[138],"received":[142],"conventional":[143],"Outcomes":[145],"compared":[147],"12":[149,182],"weeks,":[150],"6":[151,207],"months,":[152,208],"1":[154],"year":[155],"postoperatively":[156,184],"using":[157],"Knee":[158],"Association":[159],"Scoring":[160],"(KSS),":[161],"gait":[162,214],"analysis,":[163],"imaging,":[164],"cost":[166],"accounting.":[167],"Results:":[168],"Preliminary":[169],"showed":[171],"that":[172],"had":[176],"significantly":[177],"higher":[178],"KSS":[179],"scores":[180],"weeks":[183],"than":[185],"(P<0.05),":[189],"30%":[191],"shorter":[192],"time,":[194],"35%":[195],"reduced":[196],"abnormal":[197],"stress,":[199],"20%-25%":[201],"lower":[202],"overall":[203],"treatment":[204],"cost.":[205],"At":[206],"exhibited":[212],"better":[213],"symmetry":[215],"muscle":[217,237],"activation":[218,238],"(P<0.05).":[220],"achieved":[224],"high":[225],"synchronization":[227],"accuracy":[228],"(<5":[229],"error)":[231],"algorithmic":[233],"reliability":[234],"(RMSE=0.03\u00b10.01":[235],"calculation).":[239],"Conclusion:":[240],"optimizes":[246],"rehabilitation":[250],"through":[251],"fusion":[255],"feedback.":[258],"It":[259],"not":[260],"only":[261],"improves":[262],"quality":[265],"economic":[267],"but":[269],"also":[270],"fills":[271],"gap":[274],"between":[275],"robotic":[276],"surgical":[277],"precision":[278],"With":[282],"strong":[283],"reproducibility":[284],"clinical":[286,298],"promotability,":[287],"this":[288],"provides":[290],"an":[291],"effective":[292],"solution":[293],"precise":[295],"warranting":[297],"application.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-02-06T00:00:00"}
