{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127463561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","title":"The role of oral contraceptive use in associations of concussion history with kynurenine pathway metabolites, inflammation, and psychological symptoms in female athletes","display_name":"The role of oral contraceptive use in associations of concussion history with kynurenine pathway metabolites, inflammation, and psychological symptoms in female athletes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127463561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41694230"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199197","display_name":"Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health","issn_l":"2666-3546","issn":["2666-3546"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055151212","display_name":"Bryna D. Goeckner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1541-9002","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1541-9002"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204308271","display_name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","ror":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryna D. Goeckner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1541-9002","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033435451","display_name":"Jonathan B. Savitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-182X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-182X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159521","display_name":"Laureate Institute for Brain Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05e6pjy56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159521"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87208437","display_name":"University of Tulsa","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn28048","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Savitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA","Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74119, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159521"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74119, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013531724","display_name":"T. Kent Teague","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4680-5440","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4680-5440"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738079","display_name":"University of Oklahoma - Tulsa","ror":"https://ror.org/04g1a0w27","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4392738079","https://openalex.org/I8692664"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Kent Teague","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA","Department of Psychiatry, The University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA","Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4392738079","https://openalex.org/I8692664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, The University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, The University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4392738079","https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058157524","display_name":"Benjamin L. Brett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2849-4658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2849-4658"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204308271","display_name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","ror":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin L. Brett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA","Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076214998","display_name":"Adriene M. Beltz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-8083","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-8083"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriene M. Beltz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059402802","display_name":"Timothy Bradley Meier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4495-2754","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4495-2754"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204308271","display_name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","ror":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Timothy B. Meier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA","Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA","Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4495-2754","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059402802"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"fwci":4.3072,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89815926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":null,"first_page":"101188","last_page":"101188"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.7573000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.7573000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11337","display_name":"Tryptophan and brain disorders","score":0.23019999265670776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2803","display_name":"Biological Psychiatry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10498","display_name":"Migraine and Headache Studies","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-contraceptives","display_name":"oral contraceptives","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concussion-history","display_name":"concussion history","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kynurenine-pathway","display_name":"kynurenine pathway","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kynurenic-acid","display_name":"kynurenic acid","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quinolinic-acid","display_name":"quinolinic acid","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammation","display_name":"inflammation","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-symptoms","display_name":"psychological symptoms","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-athletes","display_name":"female athletes","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collegiate-athletes","display_name":"collegiate athletes","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-reactive-protein","display_name":"C-reactive protein","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-6","display_name":"interleukin-6","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-1-receptor-antagonist","display_name":"interleukin-1 receptor antagonist","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hormonal-contraception","display_name":"hormonal contraception","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/progestational-activity","display_name":"progestational activity","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/androgenic-activity","display_name":"androgenic activity","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-sports","display_name":"contact sports","score":0.3709999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781054738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4813730","display_name":"Athletes","level":2,"score":0.6996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778426673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326921","display_name":"Concussion","level":4,"score":0.6696000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776710720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80417","display_name":"Kynurenine pathway","level":5,"score":0.526199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776841986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q642217","display_name":"Kynurenic acid","level":4,"score":0.5188999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779058012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83864","display_name":"Menstrual cycle","level":3,"score":0.40230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.38519999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777503454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415768","display_name":"Kynurenine","level":4,"score":0.38519999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.37389999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.36070001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3596999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.35659998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776641880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944142","display_name":"Suicidal ideation","level":4,"score":0.31470000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776172332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7292449","display_name":"Hormonal contraception","level":5,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777896816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411945","display_name":"Quinolinic acid","level":4,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779771394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12171","display_name":"Menstruation","level":2,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874","display_name":"Comorbidity","level":2,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781354955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11920938","display_name":"Marital status","level":3,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780842732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518184","display_name":"Suicide attempt","level":4,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780577388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256236","display_name":"Psychiatric history","level":3,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776607906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50383885","display_name":"Progestin","level":3,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199197","display_name":"Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health","issn_l":"2666-3546","issn":["2666-3546"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41694230","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41694230","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11712803","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12906144","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12906144","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12906144/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Brain Behav Immun Health","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101188","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199197","display_name":"Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health","issn_l":"2666-3546","issn":["2666-3546"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8701329231262207,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1667671610","display_name":"The role of neuroactive kynurenine metabolites in the chronic sequelae of concussion and contact sport exposure","funder_award_id":"R01NS102225","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3355946824","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K23AG073528","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3887939797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L30 NS113158","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7825701934","display_name":"Clinical and Translational Science Award","funder_award_id":"UL1TR001436","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337472","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W836611525","https://openalex.org/W1963543582","https://openalex.org/W1979400588","https://openalex.org/W2024168336","https://openalex.org/W2061247227","https://openalex.org/W2104473789","https://openalex.org/W2107665951","https://openalex.org/W2109820701","https://openalex.org/W2111279030","https://openalex.org/W2130029062","https://openalex.org/W2131135939","https://openalex.org/W2145972848","https://openalex.org/W2169442707","https://openalex.org/W2259601441","https://openalex.org/W2303481434","https://openalex.org/W2321649918","https://openalex.org/W2496227216","https://openalex.org/W2520635723","https://openalex.org/W2606481147","https://openalex.org/W2609632515","https://openalex.org/W2752951716","https://openalex.org/W2792059755","https://openalex.org/W2796378262","https://openalex.org/W2912509113","https://openalex.org/W2914765137","https://openalex.org/W2939948226","https://openalex.org/W2955461137","https://openalex.org/W2973851299","https://openalex.org/W3009791894","https://openalex.org/W3011137922","https://openalex.org/W3013662321","https://openalex.org/W3013713106","https://openalex.org/W3018308473","https://openalex.org/W3027368363","https://openalex.org/W3029019983","https://openalex.org/W3043925412","https://openalex.org/W3097493562","https://openalex.org/W3111146754","https://openalex.org/W3117880494","https://openalex.org/W3121004059","https://openalex.org/W3141323775","https://openalex.org/W3168252635","https://openalex.org/W3168924500","https://openalex.org/W3169432192","https://openalex.org/W3215314529","https://openalex.org/W3217114539","https://openalex.org/W4283733523","https://openalex.org/W4309990753","https://openalex.org/W4313729214","https://openalex.org/W4319335842","https://openalex.org/W4387185758","https://openalex.org/W4388033123","https://openalex.org/W4389775082","https://openalex.org/W4394807981","https://openalex.org/W4399608030","https://openalex.org/W4400386188","https://openalex.org/W4403395330","https://openalex.org/W4404120210","https://openalex.org/W4407204292","https://openalex.org/W4408815727"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Concussion":[0],"history":[1],"is":[2,24],"linked":[3,269],"to":[4,119,237,270],"increased":[5,28,39],"risk":[6],"of":[7,14,20,51,85,87,124,143,182,188,201,292,297],"psychological":[8,40,99,216],"symptoms,":[9],"potentially":[10],"through":[11],"inflammation-driven":[12],"activation":[13,278],"the":[15,46,77,83,122,141,180,232,238,293],"kynurenine":[16],"pathway":[17],"(KP).":[18],"Use":[19],"oral":[21],"contraceptives":[22],"(OC)":[23],"also":[25],"associated":[26,205],"with":[27,90,151,206,263,279,312],"inflammation,":[29],"reduced":[30],"protective":[31],"kynurenic":[32],"acid":[33,209],"(KynA),":[34],"and,":[35],"in":[36,60,111,162,231,260,300],"some":[37],"cases,":[38],"symptoms.":[41,100,217],"Despite":[42],"this":[43,61,73,261],"evidence":[44],"and":[45,94,97,148,190,215,247,249,253,266,275],"fact":[47],"that":[48,79,303],"around":[49],"half":[50],"all":[52],"female":[53,70,102,301],"collegiate":[54],"athletes":[55,103,163,302],"use":[56,68,81,287],"OCs,":[57],"existing":[58],"research":[59],"area":[62],"does":[63],"not":[64,168],"account":[65],"for":[66,154,196,310],"OC":[67,80,146,165,241,255,286],"among":[69],"athletes.":[71],"In":[72],"study,":[74],"we":[75],"tested":[76,159],"hypothesis":[78],"moderates":[82],"association":[84],"number":[86,123,142,181,200],"prior":[88,125,144,183,202,281],"concussions":[89,126,203],"serum":[91],"inflammatory":[92],"markers":[93],"KP":[95,277],"metabolites":[96],"self-reported":[98],"Collegiate":[101],"(N":[104],"=":[105],"69;":[106],"30":[107],"using":[108,164,169],"OC)":[109],"participating":[110],"a":[112,271,289],"larger":[113],"cross-sectional":[114],"study":[115,134],"completed":[116],"semi-structured":[117],"interviews":[118],"retrospectively":[120],"determine":[121],"(last":[127],"injury":[128],"at":[129],"least":[130],"6":[131],"months":[132],"before":[133],"enrollment).":[135],"Linear":[136],"models":[137,176],"assessed":[138,177],"associations":[139,161,178,259],"between":[140,179],"concussions,":[145,184],"use,":[147],"their":[149,191],"interaction":[150,192],"outcomes,":[152,194],"controlling":[153,195],"contact-sport":[155,197],"exposure.":[156,198],"Split":[157],"analyses":[158,225],"these":[160,227],"versus":[166],"those":[167],"hormonal":[170,185],"contraception":[171],"(NoHC).":[172],"Additional":[173],"exploratory":[174],"linear":[175],"activity":[186,268],"levels":[187],"OC,":[189],"on":[193],"Higher":[199],"was":[204,220],"elevated":[207],"quinolinic":[208],"(QuinA),":[210],"interleukin":[211],"(IL)-1":[212],"receptor":[213],"antagonist,":[214],"Although":[218],"there":[219],"no":[221],"significant":[222],"interaction,":[223],"split":[224],"showed":[226],"relationships":[228],"held":[229],"only":[230],"NoHC":[233,239],"group.":[234],"Moreover,":[235],"compared":[236],"group,":[240],"users":[242],"exhibited":[243],"higher":[244,264],"C-reactive":[245],"protein":[246],"IL-6":[248],"lower":[250],"KynA,":[251],"KynA/QuinA,":[252],"KynA/3-hydroxykynurenine.":[254],"formulation":[256],"moderated":[257],"biomarker":[258],"cohort,":[262],"progestational":[265],"androgenic":[267],"more":[272,280],"proinflammatory":[273],"profile":[274],"greater":[276],"concussions.":[282],"The":[283],"results":[284],"highlight":[285],"as":[288],"potential":[290],"moderator":[291],"cumulative":[294],"psychological/immunological":[295],"effects":[296],"repeat":[298],"concussion":[299],"should":[304],"be":[305],"considered":[306],"when":[307],"personalizing":[308],"treatment":[309],"individuals":[311],"multiple":[313],"injuries.":[314]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-15T10:00:46.086208","created_date":"2026-02-04T00:00:00"}