{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127400948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","title":"Bi-term association based on fuzzy logic","display_name":"Bi-term association based on fuzzy logic","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127400948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100704"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113332112","display_name":"Wensu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4018-9650","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4018-9650"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91656880","display_name":"China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/032d4f246","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wensu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124904026","display_name":"Jing Wan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91656880","display_name":"China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/032d4f246","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101802879","display_name":"Na Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8890-1393","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8890-1393","https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4899-4689"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91656880","display_name":"China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/032d4f246","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108923165","display_name":"Xiaobei Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8069-6647","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8069-6647"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91656880","display_name":"China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/032d4f246","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8069-6647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108923165"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91656880"],"apc_list":{"value":1680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1680},"apc_paid":{"value":1680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1680},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05691368,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":null,"first_page":"100704","last_page":"100704"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.0071000000461936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"fuzzy logic","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation-extraction","display_name":"relation extraction","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-shot-large-language-models","display_name":"zero-shot large language models","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-occurrence-analysis","display_name":"co-occurrence analysis","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-relations","display_name":"semantic relations","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-knowledge-discovery","display_name":"biomedical knowledge discovery","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-quantification","display_name":"uncertainty quantification","score":0.5479999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.7062000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6154000163078308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5817000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5131999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127385683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475696","display_name":"Fuzzy classification","level":4,"score":0.5065000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.45559999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511133","display_name":"Fuzzy set operations","level":4,"score":0.41940000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29470771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4165150","display_name":"Neuro-fuzzy","level":4,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.375900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.36149999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.35429999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170260401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251735","display_name":"Defuzzification","level":5,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144170203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511099","display_name":"Fuzzy associative matrix","level":5,"score":0.33889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1883856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407463","display_name":"Fuzzy number","level":4,"score":0.3384999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120567893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1582085","display_name":"Knowledge extraction","level":2,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195975749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475705","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","level":3,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511139","display_name":"Fuzzy rule","level":4,"score":0.2955000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17350324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7860605","display_name":"Type-2 fuzzy sets and systems","level":5,"score":0.2551000118255615}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:60336698945b48a5bca11141f1bca017","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/60336698945b48a5bca11141f1bca017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Array, Vol 29, Iss , Pp 100704- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.100704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1057242735","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"D21008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8280205801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024-MS-043","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327912","display_name":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036288429","https://openalex.org/W2048296798","https://openalex.org/W2162965868","https://openalex.org/W2167980479","https://openalex.org/W2606900069","https://openalex.org/W2911489562","https://openalex.org/W2979250794","https://openalex.org/W3049032230","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4220900034","https://openalex.org/W4221142212","https://openalex.org/W4230846333","https://openalex.org/W4281698709","https://openalex.org/W4391136507","https://openalex.org/W4393936594","https://openalex.org/W4394579747","https://openalex.org/W4396929025","https://openalex.org/W4402944004","https://openalex.org/W4403010754","https://openalex.org/W4414150530"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"Boolean":[1],"search":[2],"strategies":[3],"identify":[4],"co-occurrence":[5,67,176],"but":[6],"fail":[7],"to":[8,25,89,119,174],"capture":[9,90],"semantic":[10],"relationships.":[11],"Current":[12],"relation":[13],"extraction":[14],"(RE)":[15],"frameworks,":[16],"which":[17],"rely":[18],"on":[19,125,171],"domain-specific":[20],"training,":[21],"struggle":[22],"with":[23,41],"adaptability":[24],"emerging":[26],"research":[27],"topics.":[28],"To":[29],"address":[30],"these":[31],"limitations,":[32],"we":[33],"propose":[34],"a":[35,81,101,166],"novel":[36],"framework":[37,84],"integrating":[38],"fuzzy":[39,82,98,131,158,172],"logic":[40,83,132,173],"zero-shot":[42,103],"large":[43],"language":[44],"models":[45],"(LLMs),":[46],"enabling":[47],"the":[48,71,130,135,157],"quantification":[49],"of":[50,75,96,108],"bi-term":[51,167],"associations":[52,58],"without":[53],"explicit":[54],"training":[55],"data.":[56],"Bi-term":[57],"are":[59],"defined":[60],"as":[61],"contextually":[62],"grounded":[63],"relationships":[64],"that":[65,129],"extend":[66],"analysis":[68,177],"while":[69,187],"avoiding":[70],"data":[72],"annotation":[73],"requirements":[74],"traditional":[76],"RE.":[77],"Key":[78],"contributions":[79],"include:":[80],"for":[85,183],"graded":[86],"membership":[87],"assignment":[88],"uncertainty":[91],"and":[92,105,149,178],"relationship":[93],"strength,":[94],"design":[95],"complex":[97,120],"rules":[99],"within":[100],"lightweight":[102],"LLM,":[104],"detailed":[106],"demonstration":[107],"four":[109],"conceptual":[110],"case":[111],"studies":[112],"in":[113,192],"diverse":[114],"fields,":[115],"ranging":[116],"from":[117],"simple":[118],"rule":[121],"design.":[122],"Benchmark":[123],"comparisons":[124],"RE":[126],"tasks":[127],"show":[128],"method":[133,159],"outperforms":[134],"baseline":[136],"model":[137],"(Qwen3:30b-a3b):":[138],"F1":[139],"scores":[140],"improve":[141],"by":[142],"0.05":[143],"(n2c2":[144],"dataset:":[145,152],"0.82":[146],"vs.":[147,154],"0.77)":[148],"0.17":[150],"(GAD":[151],"0.52":[153],"0.35).":[155],"However,":[156],"is":[160],"computationally":[161],"intensive.":[162],"This":[163],"work":[164],"introduces":[165],"association":[168],"approach":[169],"based":[170],"bridge":[175],"RE,":[179],"demonstrating":[180],"its":[181],"potential":[182],"biomedical":[184],"knowledge":[185],"discovery":[186],"addressing":[188],"critical":[189],"computational":[190],"challenges":[191],"real-world":[193],"deployment.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-02-04T00:00:00"}
