{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127071069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.007048","title":"Genome-based phylogenomic reassessment of Clostridium with proposals for species synonymization and new subspecies","display_name":"Genome-based phylogenomic reassessment of Clostridium with proposals for species synonymization and new subspecies","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127071069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.007048","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41628000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.007048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.007048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.007048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102181007","display_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY","issn_l":"1466-5026","issn":["1466-5026","1466-5034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320497","host_organization_name":"Microbiology Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Microbiology Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7127071069"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024919917","display_name":"Guendouz Dif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7194-1460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7194-1460"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252934","display_name":"Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure of Laghouat","ror":"https://ror.org/004n81v75","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252934"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guendouz Dif","raw_affiliation_strings":["D\u00e9partement des Sciences Naturelles, \u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Taleb Abderrahmane de Laghouat, BP 4033, Laghouat 03000, Algeria","Laboratoire de Biologie des Syst\u00e8mes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Algiers 16050, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7194-1460","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"D\u00e9partement des Sciences Naturelles, \u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Taleb Abderrahmane de Laghouat, BP 4033, Laghouat 03000, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405252934"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Biologie des Syst\u00e8mes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Algiers 16050, Algeria","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029915986","display_name":"Noureddine Bouras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2714-5026","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2714-5026"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115782","display_name":"University of Ghardaia","ror":"https://ror.org/02ck5yd04","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115782"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noureddine Bouras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Biologie des Syst\u00e8mes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Algiers 16050, Algeria","Laboratoire de Valorisation et Conservation des Ecosyst\u00e8mes Arides (LVCEA), Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Universit\u00e9 de Ghardaia, B.P. 455, Gharda\u00efa, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2714-5026","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Biologie des Syst\u00e8mes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Algiers 16050, Algeria","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Valorisation et Conservation des Ecosyst\u00e8mes Arides (LVCEA), Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Universit\u00e9 de Ghardaia, B.P. 455, Gharda\u00efa, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028610845","display_name":"Nadjette Djemoua\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9516-5929","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9516-5929"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115782","display_name":"University of Ghardaia","ror":"https://ror.org/02ck5yd04","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115782"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}],"countries":["DZ","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadjette Djemouai","raw_affiliation_strings":["D\u00e9partement de Biologie, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Universit\u00e9 de Ghardaia, BP 455, Gharda\u00efa 47000, Algeria","Laboratoire de Biologie des Syst\u00e8mes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Algiers 16050, Algeria","Magan Centre of Applied Mycology, Cranfield University, MK43 0AL Cranfield, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9516-5929","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"D\u00e9partement de Biologie, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Universit\u00e9 de Ghardaia, BP 455, Gharda\u00efa 47000, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115782"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Biologie des Syst\u00e8mes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Algiers 16050, Algeria","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magan Centre of Applied Mycology, Cranfield University, MK43 0AL Cranfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118976923","display_name":"Imane Dif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8286-4014","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8286-4014"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726906","display_name":"Centre de recherche en Agropastoralisme (CRAPast)","ror":"https://ror.org/043vfk764","country_code":"DZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726906"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imane Dif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre de Recherche en Agropastoralisme \u2013 CRAPast, Djelfa, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8286-4014","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre de Recherche en Agropastoralisme \u2013 CRAPast, Djelfa, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726906"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048189480","display_name":"Abdelghani Zitouni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7230-6856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7230-6856"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelghani Zitouni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Biologie des Syst\u00e8mes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Algiers 16050, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7230-6856","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Biologie des Syst\u00e8mes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Algiers 16050, Algeria","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.7817000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.7817000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":0.16940000653266907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12167","display_name":"Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing","score":0.023600000888109207,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2726","display_name":"Microbiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clostridium","display_name":"Clostridium","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-taxonomy","display_name":"bacterial taxonomy","score":0.9409999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17966761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68947","display_name":"Subspecies","level":2,"score":0.7551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42062724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209205","display_name":"16S ribosomal RNA","level":3,"score":0.5371999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90132467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171184","display_name":"Phylogenetics","level":3,"score":0.5045999884605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.48179998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.47839999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67905577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215980","display_name":"Ribosomal RNA","level":3,"score":0.46869999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45739999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193252679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242125","display_name":"Phylogenetic tree","level":3,"score":0.41659998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157369684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34740","display_name":"Genus","level":2,"score":0.3991999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125390029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1297859","display_name":"Species complex","level":4,"score":0.3610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70343354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3381973","display_name":"Phylogenomics","level":5,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.31439998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87373202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361864","display_name":"Species description","level":3,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123575903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52106","display_name":"Biogeography","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207812311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426560","display_name":"Ribosomal DNA","level":4,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24586158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27075","display_name":"Mitochondrial DNA","level":3,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003013","descriptor_name":"Clostridium","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003013","descriptor_name":"Clostridium","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004269","descriptor_name":"DNA, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009693","descriptor_name":"Nucleic Acid Hybridization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012336","descriptor_name":"RNA, Ribosomal, 16S","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015373","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Typing Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016680","descriptor_name":"Genome, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017422","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, DNA","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.007048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.007048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.007048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102181007","display_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY","issn_l":"1466-5026","issn":["1466-5026","1466-5034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320497","host_organization_name":"Microbiology Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Microbiology Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41628000","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41628000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25313398","https://openalex.org/W1940773573","https://openalex.org/W2006904100","https://openalex.org/W2013410948","https://openalex.org/W2031611770","https://openalex.org/W2032117338","https://openalex.org/W2065461553","https://openalex.org/W2095498620","https://openalex.org/W2096404721","https://openalex.org/W2097706568","https://openalex.org/W2102424972","https://openalex.org/W2103539617","https://openalex.org/W2107282968","https://openalex.org/W2108929776","https://openalex.org/W2112364185","https://openalex.org/W2116206245","https://openalex.org/W2119888547","https://openalex.org/W2121055398","https://openalex.org/W2121420737","https://openalex.org/W2121677860","https://openalex.org/W2122559203","https://openalex.org/W2127303481","https://openalex.org/W2135367630","https://openalex.org/W2136482257","https://openalex.org/W2138988050","https://openalex.org/W2141338336","https://openalex.org/W2142678478","https://openalex.org/W2149017136","https://openalex.org/W2161973008","https://openalex.org/W2165924947","https://openalex.org/W2175094144","https://openalex.org/W2206071891","https://openalex.org/W2263232215","https://openalex.org/W2340958225","https://openalex.org/W2579533542","https://openalex.org/W2766330607","https://openalex.org/W2808271145","https://openalex.org/W2927961455","https://openalex.org/W2946204549","https://openalex.org/W2949239325","https://openalex.org/W2951254987","https://openalex.org/W3198982289","https://openalex.org/W4206160836","https://openalex.org/W4251751280","https://openalex.org/W4317677645","https://openalex.org/W4318244650","https://openalex.org/W4393035934"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165924947","https://openalex.org/W2028144400","https://openalex.org/W2136220295","https://openalex.org/W2990850114","https://openalex.org/W2951739882","https://openalex.org/W1940773573","https://openalex.org/W2263232215","https://openalex.org/W3112366712","https://openalex.org/W2151315920","https://openalex.org/W1963577102"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"genus":[1],"Clostridium":[2,34,37,40,43,46,49,53,58],"encompasses":[3],"phylogenetically":[4],"diverse,":[5],"obligately":[6],"anaerobic,":[7],"Gram-positive,":[8],"spore-forming":[9],"bacteria,":[10],"yet":[11],"taxonomic":[12],"resolution":[13],"for":[14],"several":[15],"members":[16],"remains":[17],"limited":[18],"by":[19],"the":[20,23,100,225],"conservatism":[21],"of":[22,102],"16S":[24,69],"rRNA":[25,70],"gene.":[26],"We":[27],"reassessed":[28],"four":[29],"closely":[30],"related":[31],"species":[32],"pairs:":[33],"baratii":[35,114],"and":[36,42,48,52,57,71,83,90,96,118,136,182,186,197],"nitritogenes":[38,104],";":[39,45,51],"thermopalmarium":[41,130],"colicanis":[44,122],"botulinum":[47,173,208,215,217],"combesii":[50,184,210],"estertheticum":[54,56,59,138,153,155],"subsp.":[55,60,139,154,209,216],"laramiense":[61,140],".":[62,110,126,134,144,149,159,164,180,192],"A":[63],"polyphasic":[64],"framework":[65],"was":[66],"applied,":[67],"integrating":[68],"core-genome":[72],"phylogenies,":[73],"whole-genome":[74],"relatedness":[75],"metrics":[76],"(digital":[77],"DNA\u2013DNA":[78],"hybridization,":[79],"average":[80,84],"nucleotide":[81],"identity":[82],"amino":[85],"acid":[86],"identity),":[87],"phenotypic":[88,97,196],"characterization":[89],"carbohydrate-active":[91],"enzyme":[92],"profiling.":[93],"Concordant":[94],"genomic":[95,170],"evidence":[98],"supported":[99],"synonymization":[101],"C.":[103,113,121,129,137,152,172,183,207,214],"(Pr\u00e9vot":[105,115,185],"1940)":[106],"Bernard":[107,189],"et":[108,124,132,142,147,157,162,178,190],"al":[109,125,133,143,148,158,163,179,191],"2018":[111,193],"with":[112,128,151,201],"1938)":[116],"Holdeman":[117],"Moore":[119],"1970,":[120],"Greetham":[123],"2003":[127,150],"Soh":[131],"1991":[135],"(Kalchayanand":[141],"1993)":[145,160],"Spring":[146,161],"(Collins":[156],"2003.":[165],"By":[166],"contrast,":[167],"despite":[168],"high":[169],"relatedness,":[171],"(van":[174],"Ermengem":[175],"1896)":[176],"Bergey":[177],"1923":[181],"Laplanche":[187],"1947)":[188],"displayed":[194],"reproducible":[195],"functional":[198],"distinctions":[199],"consistent":[200],"subspecies":[202],"status.":[203],"We,":[204],"therefore,":[205],"propose":[206],"comb.":[211,218],"nov.,":[212,219],"alongside":[213],"thereby":[220],"refining":[221],"genome-based":[222],"classification":[223],"within":[224],"genus.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}
