{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127069818","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2025.3644367","title":"An Improved High-Frequency FinFET Model Capturing the Cryogenic Tunneling Effect","display_name":"An Improved High-Frequency FinFET Model Capturing the Cryogenic Tunneling Effect","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127069818","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2025.3644367"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmtt.2025.3644367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2025.3644367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2025.3644367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198879913","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","issn_l":"0018-9480","issn":["0018-9480","1557-9670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320754","host_organization_name":"IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320754"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124783304","display_name":"Shihan Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5755-8660","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5755-8660"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shihan Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5755-8660","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041364072","display_name":"Yunqiu Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6856-7431","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6856-7431"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunqiu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6856-7431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100361964","display_name":"Jun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8627-5085","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8627-5085"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory for RF Circuits and Systems, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8627-5085","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for RF Circuits and Systems, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031578846","display_name":"Huihua Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-7620","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-7620"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huihua Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-7620","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074584116","display_name":"Chenxi Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7166-2755","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7166-2755"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenxi Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7166-2755","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083782712","display_name":"Yiming Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0616-2994","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0616-2994"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0616-2994","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031226610","display_name":"Giovanni Gugliandolo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-2232","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-2232"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112862951","display_name":"University of Messina","ror":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Gugliandolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-2232","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046776050","display_name":"Nicola Donato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1554-2182","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1554-2182"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112862951","display_name":"University of Messina","ror":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Donato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1554-2182","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071164847","display_name":"Giovanni Crupi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-6812","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-6812"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112862951","display_name":"University of Messina","ror":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Crupi","raw_affiliation_strings":["BIOMORF Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-6812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BIOMORF Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112862951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100705952","display_name":"Yuehang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1706-2681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1706-2681"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuehang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1706-2681","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029718819","display_name":"Kai Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8878-2080","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8878-2080","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8842-3125"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8878-2080","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04819444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"3","first_page":"2318","last_page":"2325"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.008999999612569809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finfet","display_name":"FinFET","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-tunneling","display_name":"quantum tunneling","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryogenic-operation","display_name":"cryogenic operation","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-frequency-device-modeling","display_name":"high-frequency device modeling","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrathin-gate-dielectrics","display_name":"ultrathin gate dielectrics","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-function-difference","display_name":"work function difference","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s-parameters","display_name":"S-parameters","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryogenic-integrated-circuits","display_name":"cryogenic integrated circuits","score":0.8569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120398109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175751","display_name":"Quantum tunnelling","level":2,"score":0.887499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.5227000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.46230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.43720000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145598152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176097","display_name":"Field-effect transistor","level":4,"score":0.41850000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179725390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192116","display_name":"Cryogenics","level":2,"score":0.41519999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.37770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3587000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985130431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192116","display_name":"Cryogenic temperature","level":2,"score":0.3571000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72293138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909741","display_name":"Temperature measurement","level":2,"score":0.33320000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166972891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5527011","display_name":"Gate dielectric","level":4,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116984233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7853307","display_name":"Tunnel effect","level":3,"score":0.3098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778413303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210793","display_name":"MOSFET","level":4,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29169072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521166","display_name":"Quantum well","level":3,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510052550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422819","display_name":"Gallium arsenide","level":2,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115235246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783800","display_name":"Work function","level":3,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124657808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133068","display_name":"Quantum dot","level":2,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53143962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478788","display_name":"Silicon on insulator","level":3,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79635011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175805","display_name":"Semiconductor device","level":3,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.25619998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152909973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7804816","display_name":"Time-dependent gate oxide breakdown","level":5,"score":0.25619998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.2506999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141400236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1479544","display_name":"Nanoelectronics","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmtt.2025.3644367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2025.3644367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2025.3644367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198879913","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","issn_l":"0018-9480","issn":["0018-9480","1557-9670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320754","host_organization_name":"IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320754"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3229901489","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JG2024-216","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329039","funder_display_name":"Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4167916329","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62025106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6682819074","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024NSFSC0466","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329861","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329039","display_name":"Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329861","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1899576233","https://openalex.org/W1996785108","https://openalex.org/W2041461880","https://openalex.org/W2076634652","https://openalex.org/W2099695802","https://openalex.org/W2107361674","https://openalex.org/W2125904563","https://openalex.org/W2130184030","https://openalex.org/W2181452972","https://openalex.org/W2199898712","https://openalex.org/W2244215792","https://openalex.org/W2536886358","https://openalex.org/W2563725525","https://openalex.org/W2746490985","https://openalex.org/W2800196753","https://openalex.org/W2943642246","https://openalex.org/W3025720670","https://openalex.org/W3214127896","https://openalex.org/W4241735686","https://openalex.org/W4285236947","https://openalex.org/W4285291154","https://openalex.org/W4293795032","https://openalex.org/W4367147761","https://openalex.org/W4381327617","https://openalex.org/W4391620773"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"enhanced":[1],"fin":[2],"field-effect":[3],"transistor":[4],"(FinFET)":[5],"model":[6,42,79,104],"is":[7,61],"proposed":[8,78],"to":[9,63,112],"characterize":[10],"the":[11,23,30,41,44,49,52,65,69,77,82,103],"quantum":[12,24],"tunneling":[13,25,54],"currents":[14],"across":[15,68],"ultrathin":[16],"gate":[17],"dielectrics":[18],"under":[19],"cryogenic":[20,83,97],"conditions.":[21],"Critically,":[22],"effect":[26],"persists":[27],"even":[28],"in":[29],"absence":[31],"of":[32,86,102],"an":[33],"external":[34],"bias":[35],"voltage.":[36],"To":[37],"capture":[38],"this":[39],"effect,":[40],"incorporates":[43],"work":[45],"function":[46],"difference":[47],"between":[48],"materials":[50],"into":[51],"conventional":[53],"formula.":[55],"Furthermore,":[56],"a":[57,90],"temperature-dependent":[58],"correction":[59],"term":[60],"integrated":[62,98],"extend":[64],"model\u2019s":[66],"applicability":[67],"cryogenic-to-room":[70],"temperature":[71],"range.":[72],"Experimental":[73],"validation":[74],"confirms":[75],"that":[76],"accurately":[80],"characterizes":[81],"physical":[84],"phenomena":[85],"FinFET":[87],"devices,":[88],"providing":[89],"theoretical":[91],"foundation":[92],"for":[93],"further":[94],"research":[95],"on":[96],"circuits.":[99],"The":[100],"validity":[101],"was":[105],"ascertained":[106],"by":[107],"comparison":[108],"with$S$-parameter":[109],"measurements":[110],"up":[111],"66.2":[113],"GHz.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}
