{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127067940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013/pdf","title":"The effect of Water Retention Properties on the Shear Modulus of an Unsaturated Compacted Soil","display_name":"The effect of Water Retention Properties on the Shear Modulus of an Unsaturated Compacted Soil","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127067940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013/pdf"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:edpsciences.org:dkey/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013/pdf","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013/pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400744","display_name":"Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8488066","host_organization_name":"Chiba Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8488066"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124811955","display_name":"Aditi Rana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aditi Rana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101748906","display_name":"Arash Azizi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7268-6529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7268-6529"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arash Azizi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082329755","display_name":"Malcolm Whitworth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3702-9694","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3702-9694"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malcolm Whitworth","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067104459","display_name":"Mart\u00ed Lloret\u2010Cabot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7746-8213","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7746-8213"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marti Lloret-Cabot","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061160324","display_name":"D. G. Toll","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9440-9960","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9440-9960"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Geoffrey Toll","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42146545,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10716","display_name":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10716","display_name":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.01979999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsaturated-soil","display_name":"unsaturated soil","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compacted-soil","display_name":"compacted soil","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-modulus","display_name":"shear modulus","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matric-suction","display_name":"matric suction","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-entry-value","display_name":"air entry value","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclic-loading","display_name":"cyclic loading","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sandy-loam","display_name":"sandy loam soil","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-densification","display_name":"soil densification","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interparticle-bonding","display_name":"interparticle bonding","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earthworks","display_name":"earthworks","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-stiffness","display_name":"shear stiffness","score":0.5090000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6948000192642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41279357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461466","display_name":"Shear modulus","level":2,"score":0.6682000160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96035792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43606218","display_name":"Shear (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5478000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779372316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057","display_name":"Stiffness","level":2,"score":0.5012000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776491529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152234","display_name":"Water retention","level":3,"score":0.4869000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23795335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790295","display_name":"Suction","level":2,"score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.43860000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156945495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955118","display_name":"Earthworks","level":2,"score":0.41280001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193867417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889814","display_name":"Modulus","level":2,"score":0.39070001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127893833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7492185","display_name":"Shear strength (soil)","level":3,"score":0.3882000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.34290000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21141959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657936","display_name":"Shear stress","level":2,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196029304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2091584","display_name":"Young's modulus","level":2,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191204318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q246574","display_name":"Dynamic modulus","level":4,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101082671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520832","display_name":"Simple shear","level":3,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110069353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q961278","display_name":"Slope stability","level":2,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82455628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11027905","display_name":"Relative density","level":3,"score":0.25440001487731934}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:edpsciences.org:dkey/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013/pdf","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013/pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.e3s-conferences.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400744","display_name":"Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8488066","host_organization_name":"Chiba Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8488066"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202564203013","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.46940603852272034}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Compacted":[0],"soils":[1,28],"used":[2],"in":[3,34,56,167,170,206],"earthworks":[4,41],"are":[5],"often":[6],"unsaturated":[7],"and":[8,21,37,85,160],"frequently":[9],"subjected":[10],"to":[11,113,147,179],"repeated":[12,204],"loading":[13,45,104,205],"from":[14],"various":[15],"sources,":[16],"including":[17],"traffic,":[18],"wind":[19],"action,":[20],"seismic":[22],"activity.":[23],"The":[24,132],"shear":[25,58,71,90,96,116,130,144,162,180],"modulus":[26,72,145,181],"of":[27,40,65,73,177,191,199],"is":[29],"a":[30,53,74,94,114],"fundamental":[31],"dynamic":[32],"parameter":[33],"the":[35,63,70,102,137,142,152,175,189,197],"design":[36],"long-term":[38],"stability":[39],"under":[42,87,203],"such":[43],"cyclic":[44,89],"conditions,":[46],"while":[47],"their":[48],"water":[49,66,83,107,193],"retention":[50,67,194],"properties":[51,195],"play":[52],"crucial":[54],"role":[55],"influencing":[57],"stiffness.":[59,131],"This":[60],"study":[61],"investigates":[62],"effect":[64],"characteristics":[68],"on":[69],"compacted":[75,200],"sandy":[76],"loam,":[77],"with":[78,119,134,183],"specimens":[79],"prepared":[80],"at":[81],"different":[82],"contents":[84],"tested":[86],"varying":[88],"strain":[91],"levels":[92],"using":[93],"simple":[95],"device.":[97],"Results":[98],"show":[99],"that":[100],"during":[101],"initial":[103],"cycles,":[105],"lower":[106],"content":[108],"increased":[109,161],"suction":[110,135,156,168],"bonding,":[111],"leading":[112],"higher":[115],"modulus.":[117],"However,":[118],"continued":[120],"loading,":[121],"soil":[122,201],"densification":[123,178],"also":[124],"became":[125],"an":[126],"important":[127],"factor":[128],"affecting":[129],"samples":[133],"below":[136],"air":[138,153],"entry":[139,154],"value":[140],"exhibited":[141],"lowest":[143],"due":[146],"minimal":[148],"suction-induced":[149],"stiffening.":[150],"Beyond":[151],"value,":[155],"enhanced":[157],"interparticle":[158],"bonding":[159],"modulus;":[163],"however,":[164],"further":[165],"increases":[166],"resulted":[169],"marginal":[171],"stiffness":[172],"gains,":[173],"as":[174],"contribution":[176],"reduces":[182],"increasing":[184],"suction.":[185],"These":[186],"findings":[187],"underscore":[188],"importance":[190],"incorporating":[192],"into":[196],"assessment":[198],"behaviour":[202],"earthwork":[207],"applications.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}
