{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127049233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26437/ns8hwt21","title":"Entrepreneurial Skill Development in Tanzanian Secondary Education","display_name":"Entrepreneurial Skill Development in Tanzanian Secondary Education","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127049233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26437/ns8hwt21"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.26437/ns8hwt21","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26437/ns8hwt21","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26437/ns8hwt21","pdf_url":"https://www.ajaronline.com/index.php/AJAR/article/download/1520/717","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197687","display_name":"African Journal Of Applied Research","issn_l":"2408-7920","issn":["2408-7920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AFRICAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.ajaronline.com/index.php/AJAR/article/download/1520/717","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124737172","display_name":"E. Rusibamayila","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I912052591","display_name":"Open University of Tanzania","ror":"https://ror.org/02m6yfe37","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I912052591"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Rusibamayila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Open University of Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Open University of Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I912052591"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115879507","display_name":"Prof. Joseph Magali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Magali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.6849,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97423409,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"61","last_page":"76"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13872","display_name":"Vocational and Entrepreneurial Education","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13872","display_name":"Vocational and Entrepreneurial Education","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.027400000020861626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12204","display_name":"African Education and Politics","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurship-education","display_name":"entrepreneurship education","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-skills","display_name":"entrepreneurial skills","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-education","display_name":"secondary education","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescents","display_name":"adolescents","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandatory-curriculum","display_name":"mandatory curriculum","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-policy","display_name":"education policy","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teaching-environment","display_name":"teaching environment","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tanzania","display_name":"Tanzania","score":0.7879999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778491294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339824","display_name":"Mindset","level":2,"score":0.8047999739646912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.8032000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779357621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655495","display_name":"Tanzania","level":2,"score":0.728600025177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.5823000073432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983454672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14623204","display_name":"Secondary education","level":2,"score":0.4668999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41510000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.3783999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.37310001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987553829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380761","display_name":"Entrepreneurship education","level":3,"score":0.37119999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.323199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40423286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284172","display_name":"Selection bias","level":2,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67141207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q452348","display_name":"Education policy","level":3,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.25369998812675476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.26437/ns8hwt21","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26437/ns8hwt21","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26437/ns8hwt21","pdf_url":"https://www.ajaronline.com/index.php/AJAR/article/download/1520/717","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197687","display_name":"African Journal Of Applied Research","issn_l":"2408-7920","issn":["2408-7920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AFRICAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d83667fa4961460792ada7553998ad13","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d83667fa4961460792ada7553998ad13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Applied Research, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 61-76 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.26437/ns8hwt21","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26437/ns8hwt21","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26437/ns8hwt21","pdf_url":"https://www.ajaronline.com/index.php/AJAR/article/download/1520/717","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197687","display_name":"African Journal Of Applied Research","issn_l":"2408-7920","issn":["2408-7920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jpps-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AFRICAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9235000014305115}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.6752873659133911}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322741","display_name":"Ministerstvo Pr\u016fmyslu a Obchodu","ror":"https://ror.org/03j4eb467"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7127049233.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7127049233.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993689100","https://openalex.org/W2927832514","https://openalex.org/W3026420189","https://openalex.org/W3193940663","https://openalex.org/W4206002516","https://openalex.org/W4224217181","https://openalex.org/W4229031645","https://openalex.org/W4283517920","https://openalex.org/W4283704965","https://openalex.org/W4318219910","https://openalex.org/W4383571088"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"This":[1,202,295],"study":[2,57,91,106,134,223,296],"evaluates":[3],"the":[4,30,65,94,105,130,141,151,160,164,170,173,191,199,207,225,245,262,299],"importance":[5,66],"of":[6,67,111,169,209,229],"Entrepreneurship":[7,68],"Education":[8,69],"for":[9,35,70,98,147,156,235,285,306],"Adolescents":[10,71],"in":[11,14,37,72,75,159,177,238,241,254,308,311],"Secondary":[12,73],"Schools":[13,74],"Tanzania":[15,242,312],"to":[16,28,41,63,122,248,298],"ascertain":[17],"whether":[18],"it":[19],"should":[20,313],"be":[21,314],"a":[22,59,108,230,268],"mandatory":[23,269],"subject.":[24],"The":[25,56,77,90,114,133,222,259],"objectives":[26],"are":[27,218],"identify":[29,123],"factors":[31],"influencing":[32],"entrepreneurship":[33,138,233,251,266,304],"education":[34,139,234,267,305],"adolescents":[36,307],"secondary":[38,142,239,309],"schools":[39,240,310],"and":[40,47,88,101,127,153,186,243,280,282,289],"determine":[42],"how":[43,303],"educational":[44],"policies,":[45],"theories,":[46],"empirical":[48,184],"studies":[49,171,185,215],"address":[50],"this":[51],"topic.":[52],"Design/":[53],"Methodology/":[54],"Approach:":[55],"used":[58],"systematic":[60],"literature":[61],"review":[62],"evaluate":[64],"Tanzania.":[76],"articles":[78],"were":[79,117],"sourced":[80],"from":[81],"three":[82],"databases:":[83],"Scopus-indexed":[84],"journals,":[85],"Google":[86],"Scholar,":[87],"ResearchGate.":[89],"selection":[92,203],"followed":[93],"Preferred":[95],"Reporting":[96],"Items":[97],"Systematic":[99],"Reviews":[100],"Meta-Analyses":[102],"(PRISMA).":[103],"Thus,":[104],"identified":[107],"suitable":[109],"sample":[110],"55":[112],"studies.":[113],"extracted":[115],"data":[116],"analysed":[118],"using":[119],"thematic":[120],"analysis":[121,165],"recurring":[124],"patterns,":[125],"themes,":[126],"insights":[128],"across":[129],"literature.":[131],"Findings:":[132],"shows":[135,166],"that":[136,167,264],"providing":[137],"at":[140],"school":[143],"level":[144],"is":[145],"vital":[146],"equipping":[148],"students":[149,237,273],"with":[150,274],"skills":[152],"mindset":[154],"necessary":[155],"entrepreneurial":[157,287],"success":[158],"modern":[161],"economy.":[162],"Moreover,":[163],"none":[168],"included":[172],"term":[174],"\u201cteaching":[175],"environment\u201d":[176],"their":[178,278],"titles.":[179],"Research":[180],"Limitation:":[181],"Including":[182],"specific":[183],"policy":[187,231],"documents":[188],"may":[189],"reflect":[190],"researchers'":[192],"biases":[193],"or":[194,216,227],"preferences,":[195],"which":[196],"could":[197],"influence":[198],"conclusions":[200],"drawn.":[201],"bias":[204],"might":[205],"limit":[206],"diversity":[208],"perspectives,":[210],"especially":[211],"if":[212],"only":[213],"certain":[214],"policies":[217],"emphasised.":[219],"Practical":[220],"Implication:":[221,258],"proposes":[224],"formulation":[226],"amendment":[228],"mandating":[232],"all":[236,255],"improving":[244],"teaching":[246],"environment":[247],"ensure":[249],"adequate":[250],"training":[252],"equipment":[253],"schools.":[256],"Social":[257],"findings":[260],"support":[261],"notion":[263],"making":[265],"subject":[270],"can":[271],"equip":[272],"valuable":[275],"skills,":[276],"enhance":[277],"motivation":[279],"confidence,":[281],"prepare":[283],"them":[284],"future":[286],"endeavours":[288],"career":[290],"opportunities.":[291],"Originality":[292],"/":[293],"Value:":[294],"contributed":[297],"knowledge":[300],"base":[301],"on":[302],"prioritised.":[315]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}