{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127040683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589447251415388","title":"Non-Surgically Treated Distal Radius Fractures in the Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","display_name":"Non-Surgically Treated Distal Radius Fractures in the Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127040683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589447251415388","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41622488"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/15589447251415388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589447251415388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589447251415388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49025288","display_name":"Hand","issn_l":"1558-9447","issn":["1558-9447","1558-9455"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HAND","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589447251415388","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020042037","display_name":"Vili Palola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5397-7737","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5397-7737"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140036","display_name":"Central Finland Health Care District","ror":"https://ror.org/054h11b04","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140036"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vili Palola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Finland Central Hospital Nova, Jyvaskyla, Finland","Tampere University, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5397-7737","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Finland Central Hospital Nova, Jyvaskyla, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140036"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053003671","display_name":"Rasmus J. Liukkonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-3193","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-3193"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rasmus Liukkonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005385666","display_name":"Matias Vaajala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1294-6173","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1294-6173"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matias Vaajala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077441127","display_name":"Ilari Kuitunen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-9610","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-9610"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175532246","display_name":"University of Eastern Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175532246"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilari Kuitunen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175532246"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007555940","display_name":"Antti P. Launonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3125-0171","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3125-0171"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126318","display_name":"Tampere University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02hvt5f17","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antti P. Launonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University Hospital, Finland","Tampere University, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University Hospital, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075678862","display_name":"Ville Matti Mattila","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9946-4830","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9946-4830"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126318","display_name":"Tampere University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02hvt5f17","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ville M. Mattila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University Hospital, Finland","Tampere University, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University Hospital, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020042037"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4210140036"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"fwci":2.7487,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82539683,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"15589447251415388","last_page":"15589447251415388"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10630","display_name":"Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10630","display_name":"Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10658","display_name":"Bone fractures and treatments","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10776","display_name":"Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distal-radius-fracture","display_name":"distal radius fracture","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conservative-treatment","display_name":"conservative treatment","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cast-immobilization","display_name":"cast immobilization","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-reported-outcome-measures","display_name":"patient-reported outcome measures","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wrist-function","display_name":"wrist function","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pain","display_name":"pain","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-related-quality-of-life","display_name":"health-related quality of life","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-related-complications","display_name":"treatment complications","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adult-patients","display_name":"adult patients","score":0.671999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9761000275611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.5674999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81182388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353963","display_name":"Complication","level":2,"score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778216619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185706","display_name":"Wrist","level":2,"score":0.5364000201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.5246999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991898622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229353","display_name":"Distal radius fracture","level":3,"score":0.5023000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.4713999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.438400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68312169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216685","display_name":"Orthopedic surgery","level":2,"score":0.4036000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.35519999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779517570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7144954","display_name":"Patient-reported outcome","level":3,"score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111278954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069312","display_name":"Minimal clinically important difference","level":3,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775944032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22907659","display_name":"Patient satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018822202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Patient data","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105054674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707381","display_name":"Mean difference","level":3,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60465272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q494478","display_name":"Range of motion","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/15589447251415388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589447251415388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589447251415388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49025288","display_name":"Hand","issn_l":"1558-9447","issn":["1558-9447","1558-9455"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HAND","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41622488","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41622488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hand (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:erepo.uef.fi:123456789/39159","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://erepo.uef.fi/handle/123456789/39159","pdf_url":"https://erepo.uef.fi/bitstreams/e2c6780a-c8c6-4a3a-99d3-b6bdb0047dd5/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402418","display_name":"UEF eRepo (University of Eastern Finland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I175532246","host_organization_name":"University of Eastern Finland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175532246"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/235186","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/235186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401860","display_name":"Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I150589677","host_organization_name":"Tampere University of Applied Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150589677"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"reviewarticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/15589447251415388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589447251415388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589447251415388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49025288","display_name":"Hand","issn_l":"1558-9447","issn":["1558-9447","1558-9455"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HAND","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521037341","https://openalex.org/W1973285117","https://openalex.org/W1975455990","https://openalex.org/W2044566014","https://openalex.org/W2046429144","https://openalex.org/W2060027717","https://openalex.org/W2149059085","https://openalex.org/W2256795794","https://openalex.org/W2263811297","https://openalex.org/W2753340862","https://openalex.org/W2758004707","https://openalex.org/W2768011990","https://openalex.org/W2887400134","https://openalex.org/W2912190647","https://openalex.org/W2943010114","https://openalex.org/W2951685320","https://openalex.org/W3011317817","https://openalex.org/W3015212947","https://openalex.org/W3019032018","https://openalex.org/W3030021269","https://openalex.org/W3087748802","https://openalex.org/W3118375128","https://openalex.org/W3124423973","https://openalex.org/W3127925237","https://openalex.org/W3170406316","https://openalex.org/W3186081583","https://openalex.org/W3202401289","https://openalex.org/W4205302708","https://openalex.org/W4280631279","https://openalex.org/W4282031898","https://openalex.org/W4309024271","https://openalex.org/W4310157098","https://openalex.org/W4361305479","https://openalex.org/W4362657304","https://openalex.org/W4376642559","https://openalex.org/W4386318503","https://openalex.org/W4394980018","https://openalex.org/W4400220756","https://openalex.org/W4403011508","https://openalex.org/W4403861902"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distal":[0],"radius":[1],"fracture":[2],"(DRF)":[3],"is":[4,14],"the":[5,15,43,62,91,123,127,136,167],"most":[6,16],"common":[7],"upper":[8],"extremity":[9],"fracture,":[10],"and":[11,38,61,82,95,153,169],"cast":[12],"immobilization":[13],"widely":[17],"used":[18],"treatment":[19],"for":[20,107],"DRF.":[21,178],"However,":[22],"prospective":[23],"outcome":[24,46,74,146],"data":[25],"on":[26],"conservatively":[27],"treated":[28,54,113,177,186],"DRF":[29,114],"remain":[30],"limited.":[31],"The":[32,72,85,141],"aim":[33],"of":[34,59,66,98,102,126,144,182],"this":[35,110],"systematic":[36],"review":[37],"meta-analysis":[39],"was":[40,75,131,139,148],"to":[41,76,89],"report":[42],"pooled":[44,124,137,142],"patient-reported":[45,128],"measures":[47,147],"(PROMs)":[48],"in":[49,109,164,172],"adult":[50,173],"patients":[51,115,174,183],"with":[52,175,184],"non-surgically":[53,176,185],"DRFs.":[55],"PubMed":[56],"(Medline),":[57],"Web":[58],"Science,":[60],"Cochrane":[63],"Central":[64],"Register":[65],"Controlled":[67],"Trials":[68],"databases":[69],"were":[70,88,105,118],"searched.":[71],"primary":[73],"analyze":[77],"PROMs":[78],"at":[79,150,155],"3-month,":[80],"6-month,":[81],"12-month":[83,170],"follow-ups.":[84],"secondary":[86],"outcomes":[87],"examine":[90],"pain,":[92],"complication":[93],"rate,":[94],"health-related":[96],"quality":[97],"life.":[99],"A":[100],"total":[101],"34":[103],"studies":[104],"included":[106],"analysis":[108],"review.":[111],"Non-surgically":[112],"aged":[116],"\u226518":[117],"included.":[119],"At":[120,133],"3":[121,151],"months,":[122,135],"mean":[125,138,143],"wrist":[129],"evaluation":[130],"31.0.":[132],"12":[134,156],"10.8.":[140],"pain":[145],"2.6":[149],"months":[152],"1.8":[154],"months.":[157],"In":[158,179],"conclusion,":[159],"we":[160],"found":[161],"significant":[162],"improvement":[163],"function":[165],"between":[166],"3-month":[168],"follow-ups":[171],"addition,":[180],"17.9%":[181],"DRFs":[187],"experience":[188],"adverse":[189],"events":[190],"following":[191],"treatment.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-04T09:36:47.201465","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}