{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127040484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9","title":"Structure\u2013property relationships in polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications: insights from molecular dynamics simulations","display_name":"Structure\u2013property relationships in polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications: insights from molecular dynamics simulations","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127040484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111277402","display_name":"Polymer Bulletin","issn_l":"0170-0839","issn":["0170-0839","1436-2449"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymer Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013502888","display_name":"Norazuwana Shaari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6900-9973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6900-9973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153833","display_name":"Fuel Cell Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00gsmf457","country_code":"MY","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Norazuwana Shaari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833","https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060522951","display_name":"Siti Hasanah Osman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9183-6898","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9183-6898"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153833","display_name":"Fuel Cell Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00gsmf457","country_code":"MY","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siti Hasanah Osman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833","https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051744531","display_name":"Siti Kartom Kamarudin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-5049","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-5049"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153833","display_name":"Fuel Cell Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00gsmf457","country_code":"MY","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siti Kartom Kamarudin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833","https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017718533","display_name":"Nabila A. Karim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4177-7508","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4177-7508"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153833","display_name":"Fuel Cell Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00gsmf457","country_code":"MY","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nabila A. Karim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833","https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085907410","display_name":"Sahriah Basri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2453-562X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2453-562X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153833","display_name":"Fuel Cell Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00gsmf457","country_code":"MY","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahriah Basri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833","https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065085702","display_name":"Ajaz Ahmad Wani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0885-4225","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0885-4225"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171210897","display_name":"Aligarh Muslim University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw9gc02","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171210897"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajaz Ahmad Wani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, Aligarh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, Aligarh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171210897"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013502888"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153833","https://openalex.org/I885383172"],"apc_list":{"value":3790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3790},"apc_paid":{"value":3790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3790},"fwci":8.4969,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97583498,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"83","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11362","display_name":"Membrane Separation and Gas Transport","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10281","display_name":"Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-electrolyte-membranes","display_name":"polymer electrolyte membranes","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-cells","display_name":"fuel cells","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structure-property-relationships","display_name":"structure-property relationships","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-conductivity","display_name":"proton conductivity","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-diffusion","display_name":"water diffusion","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-water-content","display_name":"membrane hydration","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-morphology","display_name":"membrane morphology","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-stability","display_name":"mechanical stability","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-stability","display_name":"thermal stability","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nafion","display_name":"Nafion","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biopolymer-membranes","display_name":"biopolymer membranes","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-energy","display_name":"hydrogen energy","score":0.453000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6176999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132319479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899619","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","level":3,"score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141123601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935072","display_name":"Multiscale modeling","level":2,"score":0.508899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.438400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59593255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901663","display_name":"Molecular dynamics","level":2,"score":0.43459999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987658370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180253","display_name":"Fuel cells","level":2,"score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.428600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68801617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162908","display_name":"Electrolyte","level":3,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167343916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888384","display_name":"Modeling and simulation","level":2,"score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3458000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988459927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1962383","display_name":"Clean energy","level":2,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778665636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412967","display_name":"Nafion","level":4,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.32429999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.32179999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.321399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982926626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1962383","display_name":"Sustainable energy","level":3,"score":0.31470000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92718894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679643","display_name":"Transport phenomena","level":2,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9682599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11549077","display_name":"Hydrogen fuel","level":3,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.2831999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144822601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11271324","display_name":"Energy transformation","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108215451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7263963","display_name":"Simulation modeling","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2574000060558319}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111277402","display_name":"Polymer Bulletin","issn_l":"0170-0839","issn":["0170-0839","1436-2449"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymer Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00289-026-06305-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111277402","display_name":"Polymer Bulletin","issn_l":"0170-0839","issn":["0170-0839","1436-2449"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymer Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8485000133514404}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335728","display_name":"Pusat Pengurusan Penyelidikan dan Instrumentasi","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7127040484.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7127040484.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":202,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1479882264","https://openalex.org/W1967772209","https://openalex.org/W1969243292","https://openalex.org/W1972009360","https://openalex.org/W1972308271","https://openalex.org/W1978101105","https://openalex.org/W1983021483","https://openalex.org/W1986949226","https://openalex.org/W2001896835","https://openalex.org/W2009592144","https://openalex.org/W2018137378","https://openalex.org/W2020967816","https://openalex.org/W2027737092","https://openalex.org/W2029795795","https://openalex.org/W2033809099","https://openalex.org/W2037352307","https://openalex.org/W2039425860","https://openalex.org/W2043901655","https://openalex.org/W2047885085","https://openalex.org/W2048548343","https://openalex.org/W2049101481","https://openalex.org/W2055287102","https://openalex.org/W2057215517","https://openalex.org/W2082912027","https://openalex.org/W2084971918","https://openalex.org/W2103734924","https://openalex.org/W2108644686","https://openalex.org/W2111184109","https://openalex.org/W2114003088","https://openalex.org/W2117267222","https://openalex.org/W2135356850","https://openalex.org/W2147275480","https://openalex.org/W2149302140","https://openalex.org/W2179425537","https://openalex.org/W2209511703","https://openalex.org/W2308848284","https://openalex.org/W2312630119","https://openalex.org/W2318433324","https://openalex.org/W2318455064","https://openalex.org/W2325652831","https://openalex.org/W2474493959","https://openalex.org/W2513437296","https://openalex.org/W2532848445","https://openalex.org/W2535968974","https://openalex.org/W2556797685","https://openalex.org/W2566556367","https://openalex.org/W2594084965","https://openalex.org/W2607337729","https://openalex.org/W2625433665","https://openalex.org/W2738677365","https://openalex.org/W2764034184","https://openalex.org/W2764114862","https://openalex.org/W2786419729","https://openalex.org/W2799894903","https://openalex.org/W2839594734","https://openalex.org/W2900481894","https://openalex.org/W2901451053","https://openalex.org/W2908375062","https://openalex.org/W2911156977","https://openalex.org/W2914212909","https://openalex.org/W2966376494","https://openalex.org/W2976613745","https://openalex.org/W2976817289","https://openalex.org/W2979643172","https://openalex.org/W2980263910","https://openalex.org/W2980829834","https://openalex.org/W2986331606","https://openalex.org/W2999228805","https://openalex.org/W3005339873","https://openalex.org/W3005835869","https://openalex.org/W3008213404","https://openalex.org/W3015407296","https://openalex.org/W3023087828","https://openalex.org/W3037901775","https://openalex.org/W3044362422","https://openalex.org/W3046786266","https://openalex.org/W3088122684","https://openalex.org/W3092470183","https://openalex.org/W3110771939","https://openalex.org/W3121878464","https://openalex.org/W3128549283","https://openalex.org/W3136097832","https://openalex.org/W3141832593","https://openalex.org/W3159112808","https://openalex.org/W3163816984","https://openalex.org/W3172501308","https://openalex.org/W3173493905","https://openalex.org/W3198433355","https://openalex.org/W3198502571","https://openalex.org/W3201340202","https://openalex.org/W4200061314","https://openalex.org/W4205692805","https://openalex.org/W4213143326","https://openalex.org/W4214506945","https://openalex.org/W4214826529","https://openalex.org/W4220893825","https://openalex.org/W4225891310","https://openalex.org/W4281957952","https://openalex.org/W4282823776","https://openalex.org/W4282925112","https://openalex.org/W4283028640","https://openalex.org/W4283320219","https://openalex.org/W4284973426","https://openalex.org/W4284988155","https://openalex.org/W4285401314","https://openalex.org/W4286511698","https://openalex.org/W4295138640","https://openalex.org/W4308054269","https://openalex.org/W4309815509","https://openalex.org/W4310278607","https://openalex.org/W4312110792","https://openalex.org/W4312141054","https://openalex.org/W4315646267","https://openalex.org/W4317488739","https://openalex.org/W4318947305","https://openalex.org/W4319738584","https://openalex.org/W4321369018","https://openalex.org/W4321598852","https://openalex.org/W4327712263","https://openalex.org/W4361216372","https://openalex.org/W4361248026","https://openalex.org/W4362637780","https://openalex.org/W4367311982","https://openalex.org/W4385357060","https://openalex.org/W4385701593","https://openalex.org/W4385781919","https://openalex.org/W4385827222","https://openalex.org/W4386227212","https://openalex.org/W4386852955","https://openalex.org/W4386853137","https://openalex.org/W4386922665","https://openalex.org/W4387029086","https://openalex.org/W4387186416","https://openalex.org/W4387357078","https://openalex.org/W4387666261","https://openalex.org/W4387948984","https://openalex.org/W4388273223","https://openalex.org/W4388915473","https://openalex.org/W4388924468","https://openalex.org/W4389179024","https://openalex.org/W4389274498","https://openalex.org/W4389491004","https://openalex.org/W4390483830","https://openalex.org/W4390570561","https://openalex.org/W4390675777","https://openalex.org/W4391375308","https://openalex.org/W4391638585","https://openalex.org/W4391994430","https://openalex.org/W4392352442","https://openalex.org/W4392906936","https://openalex.org/W4393195490","https://openalex.org/W4393955312","https://openalex.org/W4394935850","https://openalex.org/W4394993757","https://openalex.org/W4395044719","https://openalex.org/W4396904414","https://openalex.org/W4399180215","https://openalex.org/W4399360829","https://openalex.org/W4399989805","https://openalex.org/W4401010431","https://openalex.org/W4401070215","https://openalex.org/W4401151749","https://openalex.org/W4401330296","https://openalex.org/W4401635838","https://openalex.org/W4401707844","https://openalex.org/W4401718980","https://openalex.org/W4402365784","https://openalex.org/W4402477724","https://openalex.org/W4402837217","https://openalex.org/W4403586228","https://openalex.org/W4403905675","https://openalex.org/W4403914104","https://openalex.org/W4404874689","https://openalex.org/W4404962870","https://openalex.org/W4405588419","https://openalex.org/W4405588498","https://openalex.org/W4405588746","https://openalex.org/W4405618489","https://openalex.org/W4405660023","https://openalex.org/W4406118809","https://openalex.org/W4406444749","https://openalex.org/W4406695334","https://openalex.org/W4407116121","https://openalex.org/W4407465172","https://openalex.org/W4407838501","https://openalex.org/W4407897400","https://openalex.org/W4408554911","https://openalex.org/W4408586397","https://openalex.org/W4408833795","https://openalex.org/W4408888610","https://openalex.org/W4409069046","https://openalex.org/W4409104097","https://openalex.org/W4410349733","https://openalex.org/W4410714807","https://openalex.org/W4412514736","https://openalex.org/W4412676053","https://openalex.org/W4413991343","https://openalex.org/W4414016541","https://openalex.org/W4415424947","https://openalex.org/W4416243695","https://openalex.org/W7205000594","https://openalex.org/W7221151626"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4413447208","https://openalex.org/W4297825338","https://openalex.org/W2336190435","https://openalex.org/W2736864268","https://openalex.org/W4406444749","https://openalex.org/W4402837217","https://openalex.org/W7160907056","https://openalex.org/W2789257787","https://openalex.org/W2162732854","https://openalex.org/W2142227726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,218],"line":[1],"with":[2,114,123,203],"the":[3,47,100,209,234],"United":[4],"Nations":[5],"Sustainable":[6],"Development":[7],"Goals":[8],"(SDG)":[9],"2030":[10],"specifically":[11],"Goal":[12,19],"7":[13],"(Affordable":[14],"and":[15,18,78,120,148,157,186,214,249,254],"Clean":[16],"Energy)":[17],"13":[20],"(Climate":[21],"Action)":[22],"polymer":[23],"electrolyte":[24],"membranes":[25,238],"(PEMs)":[26],"play":[27],"a":[28,53,89,127,177,247],"critical":[29,96],"role":[30],"in":[31,56,73,109,197,261],"advancing":[32,262],"clean":[33],"hydrogen":[34],"technologies":[35],"through":[36],"fuel":[37,57],"cells.":[38],"As":[39],"global":[40],"efforts":[41],"intensify":[42],"toward":[43],"cleaner":[44],"energy":[45,241],"systems,":[46],"development":[48],"of":[49,67,94,180,193,200,236],"high-performance":[50],"PEMs":[51],"remains":[52,112],"core":[54],"focus":[55],"cell":[58],"research.":[59],"While":[60],"experimental":[61,124,227],"techniques":[62,202],"have":[63,85],"advanced":[64],"our":[65],"understanding":[66,179],"PEMs,":[68,142],"they":[69],"are":[70,222,230],"often":[71],"limited":[72,121],"probing":[74],"nanoscale":[75],"structural":[76],"behaviours":[77],"transport":[79],"mechanisms.":[80],"Molecular":[81],"dynamics":[82],"(MD)":[83],"simulations":[84,221],"thus":[86],"emerged":[87],"as":[88,246],"powerful":[90],"computational":[91,259],"tool,":[92],"capable":[93],"elucidating":[95],"structure\u2013property":[97],"relationships":[98],"at":[99],"atomic":[101],"level.":[102],"However,":[103],"current":[104],"literature":[105],"on":[106,144],"MD":[107,137,220],"simulation":[108,138,181,201],"this":[110,174,194],"context":[111],"fragmented,":[113],"varying":[115],"methodologies,":[116],"inconsistent":[117],"model":[118],"validation,":[119],"integration":[122],"data":[125],"highlighting":[126],"significant":[128],"research":[129,189],"gap.":[130],"This":[131,243],"review":[132,244],"aims":[133],"to":[134,141,170,226,257],"critically":[135],"evaluate":[136],"studies":[139,163],"applied":[140],"focusing":[143],"how":[145],"morphology,":[146],"hydration,":[147],"chemical":[149],"structure":[150],"affect":[151],"proton":[152],"conductivity,":[153],"water":[154],"diffusion,":[155],"mechanical":[156],"thermal":[158],"stability.":[159],"By":[160],"comparing":[161],"case":[162],"across":[164],"different":[165],"PEM":[166,216,263],"materials,":[167],"from":[168],"Nafion":[169],"emerging":[171],"biopolymer-based":[172],"membranes,":[173],"work":[175],"offers":[176],"comprehensive":[178],"approaches,":[182],"identifies":[183],"their":[184],"limitations,":[185],"proposes":[187],"future":[188],"directions.":[190],"The":[191],"contribution":[192],"study":[195],"lies":[196],"its":[198],"synthesis":[199],"real-world":[204],"membrane":[205],"performance":[206],"metrics,":[207],"paving":[208],"way":[210],"for":[211,232,239,252],"more":[212],"predictive":[213],"design-driven":[215],"development.":[217],"conclusion,":[219],"not":[223],"only":[224],"complementary":[225],"investigations":[228],"but":[229],"essential":[231],"accelerating":[233],"design":[235],"next-generation":[237],"sustainable":[240],"systems.":[242],"serves":[245],"timely":[248],"valuable":[250],"resource":[251],"researchers":[253],"engineers":[255],"seeking":[256],"leverage":[258],"tools":[260],"technology.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}