{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126114709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","title":"Evaluation of commercial diets on the growth performance of cultured Lake Whitefish","display_name":"Evaluation of commercial diets on the growth performance of cultured Lake Whitefish","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126114709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/naaqua/vraf037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199435188","display_name":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","issn_l":"1522-2055","issn":["1522-2055","1548-8454"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099040759","display_name":"Sonja Mary Drosdowech","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2039-0184","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2039-0184"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sonja Drosdowech","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rebecca Lawson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca Lawson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063436397","display_name":"David C. Huyben","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7913-851X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7913-851X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Huyben","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047710175","display_name":"Marcia A. Chiasson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7205-0037","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7205-0037"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marcia Chiasson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ontario Aquaculture Research Centre, Office of Research, University of Guelph , Elora, Ontario ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontario Aquaculture Research Centre, Office of Research, University of Guelph , Elora, Ontario ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047710175"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"fwci":6.0669,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91192825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"88","issue":"2","first_page":"173","last_page":"179"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10450","display_name":"Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10450","display_name":"Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12319","display_name":"Fish Biology and Ecology Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10506","display_name":"Aquaculture disease management and microbiota","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lake-whitefish","display_name":"lake whitefish","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aquaculture","display_name":"aquaculture","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercial-diets","display_name":"commercial diets","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fish-growth","display_name":"fish growth","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-fat","display_name":"dietary fat","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-protein","display_name":"dietary protein","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carcass-composition","display_name":"carcass composition","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viscerosomatic-index","display_name":"viscerosomatic index","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/juvenile-fish","display_name":"juvenile fish","score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trout-diet","display_name":"trout diet","score":0.5429999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911062015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110577","display_name":"Coregonus clupeaformis","level":3,"score":0.891700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.7422000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779363728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258881","display_name":"Trout","level":3,"score":0.7218000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164958353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1847935","display_name":"Fish measurement","level":3,"score":0.6575000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1516282","display_name":"Juvenile","level":2,"score":0.5630999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86909935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188989","display_name":"Aquaculture","level":3,"score":0.5573999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779286987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47793","display_name":"Tilapia","level":3,"score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514101110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14373","display_name":"Fishing","level":2,"score":0.4738999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158278297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756633","display_name":"Aquatic animal","level":3,"score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909208804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127282","display_name":"Fish <Actinopterygii>","level":2,"score":0.3718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779911052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184238","display_name":"Salmonidae","level":4,"score":0.3580999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777739081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311392","display_name":"Coregonus","level":3,"score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40231798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333743","display_name":"Composition (language)","level":2,"score":0.3472999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147583825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620876","display_name":"Body weight","level":2,"score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22830521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649967","display_name":"Feed conversion ratio","level":3,"score":0.3158999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780320433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3403879","display_name":"Weight gain","level":3,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777246098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159236","display_name":"Condition index","level":2,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157518188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2832888","display_name":"Juvenile fish","level":3,"score":0.2851000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119406331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419763","display_name":"Acclimatization","level":2,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777181938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180148","display_name":"Rotifer","level":2,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141896089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209894","display_name":"Fish farming","level":4,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908571948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743084","display_name":"Coregonus lavaretus","level":3,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777784394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181871","display_name":"Sturgeon","level":3,"score":0.25760000944137573}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199435188","display_name":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","issn_l":"1522-2055","issn":["1522-2055","1548-8454"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/naaqua/vraf037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199435188","display_name":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","issn_l":"1522-2055","issn":["1522-2055","1548-8454"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6875},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.5769000053405762}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.6029775738716125}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G518359457","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FW066-200001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334596","funder_display_name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334596","display_name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/02qa1x782"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1773548445","https://openalex.org/W1973754943","https://openalex.org/W1976561208","https://openalex.org/W1976945319","https://openalex.org/W1977526822","https://openalex.org/W1984053296","https://openalex.org/W2007477518","https://openalex.org/W2008357495","https://openalex.org/W2066618835","https://openalex.org/W2070044473","https://openalex.org/W2074410176","https://openalex.org/W2078306716","https://openalex.org/W2080477794","https://openalex.org/W2111692853","https://openalex.org/W2132826652","https://openalex.org/W2160396694","https://openalex.org/W2168659878","https://openalex.org/W2229213882","https://openalex.org/W2346925708","https://openalex.org/W2968405644","https://openalex.org/W3021682263","https://openalex.org/W3047308627","https://openalex.org/W3127616986","https://openalex.org/W4378905360","https://openalex.org/W4383497624"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Objective":[1],"Populations":[2],"of":[3,17,71,105],"Lake":[4,18,44,73,87,136,221],"Whitefish":[5,45,74,88,137,222],"Coregonus":[6],"clupeaformis":[7],"in":[8,22,30,54,152,236],"Lakes":[9,34],"Huron,":[10],"Ontario,":[11,55],"and":[12,14,27,67,102,108,126,163,191,229,262,275],"Michigan":[13],"some":[15],"areas":[16],"Superior":[19],"have":[20],"been":[21],"decline,":[23],"affecting":[24],"Indigenous":[25],"communities":[26],"commercial":[28,79,93],"fishing":[29],"the":[31,43,62,142,174,201,205,245],"Laurentian":[32],"Great":[33],"region.":[35],"To":[36],"maintain":[37],"access":[38],"to":[39,60,198,272],"this":[40],"valuable":[41],"resource,":[42],"is":[46],"being":[47],"explored":[48],"as":[49],"a":[50,251],"new":[51],"aquaculture":[52,94],"species":[53],"Canada.":[56],"This":[57],"study":[58],"aimed":[59],"evaluate":[61],"growth":[63,158,161,237,253,274],"performance,":[64],"somatic":[65],"indices,":[66],"whole-body":[68,214],"carcass":[69,215],"composition":[70,216],"cultured":[72],"that":[75,171,243,256],"were":[76,111,140,165,172,207,223],"fed":[77,141,173,200],"three":[78],"diets.":[80],"Methods":[81],"Commercial":[82],"diets":[83,95,143],"designed":[84],"specifically":[85],"for":[86,144],"do":[89],"not":[90,208],"exist.":[91],"Three":[92],"with":[96,232],"similar":[97],"gross":[98],"energy":[99,260],"(22":[100],"MJ/kg)":[101],"differing":[103],"levels":[104],"crude":[106,109],"protein":[107],"fat":[110],"examined:":[112],"Skretting":[113],"Nutra":[114],"RC":[115],"(52%":[116],"protein;":[117,123,130],"17%":[118],"lipid),":[119,125],"Bluewater":[120,127,175,247],"Trout":[121,176,248],"(43%":[122],"21%":[124],"Tilapia":[128],"(45%":[129],"19%":[131],"lipid).":[132],"Results":[133],"After":[134],"juvenile":[135],"(125":[138],"g)":[139,190],"140":[145],"d":[146],"at":[147],"14\u00b0C,":[148],"no":[149,233],"significant":[150,234],"differences":[151,206,235],"performance":[153],"(weight,":[154],"fork":[155],"length,":[156],"specific":[157],"rate,":[159],"thermal":[160],"coefficient,":[162],"survival)":[164],"observed":[166],"among":[167,240],"dietary":[168,257],"treatments.":[169,241],"Fish":[170,242],"diet":[177,249],"exhibited":[178],"numerically":[179],"higher":[180],"body":[181],"weight":[182],"(mean":[183],"\u00b1":[184,188,195],"SE":[185],"=":[186],"294.18":[187],"8.65":[189],"viscerosomatic":[192],"index":[193],"(7.836":[194],"0.159)":[196],"compared":[197],"those":[199],"other":[202],"diets,":[203,231],"but":[204],"statistically":[209],"significant.":[210],"No":[211],"effect":[212],"on":[213,226],"was":[217],"observed.":[218],"Conclusions":[219],"Juvenile":[220],"successfully":[224],"reared":[225],"existing":[227],"trout":[228],"tilapia":[230],"or":[238],"survival":[239],"received":[244],"higher-lipid":[246],"showed":[250],"numerical":[252],"advantage,":[254],"suggesting":[255],"lipid":[258],"influences":[259],"utilization":[261],"tissue":[263],"deposition.":[264],"Further":[265],"research":[266],"should":[267],"determine":[268],"species-specific":[269],"protein-to-energy":[270],"requirements":[271],"optimize":[273],"fillet":[276],"yield.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2026-01-30T00:00:00"}