{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126093231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418357","title":"Subtropical Transport Barrier (STB) Diagnostics","display_name":"Subtropical Transport Barrier (STB) Diagnostics","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126093231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418357"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18418357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ComputationalNotebook"},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418357","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028969334","display_name":"Oksana Ivaniha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2897-2736","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2897-2736"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ivaniha, Oksana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2897-2736","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028969334"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06181818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stratospheric-transport","display_name":"stratospheric transport","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-lived-tracers","display_name":"long-lived tracers","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-of-air","display_name":"age of air","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/n2o","display_name":"N2O","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane","display_name":"methane","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stratospheric-mixing","display_name":"stratospheric mixing","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southern-hemisphere-stratosphere","display_name":"Southern Hemisphere stratosphere","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northern-hemisphere-stratosphere","display_name":"Northern Hemisphere stratosphere","score":0.8650000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14168384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16305538","display_name":"Subtropics","level":2,"score":0.6392999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122523270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34027","display_name":"Latitude","level":2,"score":0.5421000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5072599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379788","display_name":"Advection","level":2,"score":0.4903999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.46470001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778863792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16909918","display_name":"TRACER","level":2,"score":0.4388999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163861444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108376","display_name":"Stratosphere","level":2,"score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12389690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2381018","display_name":"Meridional flow","level":3,"score":0.35429999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123010829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2381018","display_name":"Zonal and meridional","level":2,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199641428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760765","display_name":"Potential temperature","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24552861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670177","display_name":"Data assimilation","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.26030001044273376}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18418357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ComputationalNotebook"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18418358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ComputationalNotebook"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18418357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18418357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ComputationalNotebook"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5351999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4408428098","https://openalex.org/W7162847624","https://openalex.org/W2213998422","https://openalex.org/W2108577431","https://openalex.org/W7100599358","https://openalex.org/W4392535326","https://openalex.org/W198669762","https://openalex.org/W4392645187","https://openalex.org/W2996435560","https://openalex.org/W2995684615"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"File":[0],"description":[1],"This":[2,140,371,469,576],"module":[3,122],"provides":[4,545],"a":[5,101,204,259,355,475,534,546],"unified":[6],"framework":[7],"for":[8,50,252,365,445,516,539,562,581],"diagnosing":[9],"subtropical":[10,94,201,299,467,611],"transport":[11,24,72,95,472,513],"barriers":[12,473],"(STBs)":[13],"and":[14,23,39,43,61,79,91,112,119,132,150,165,172,182,190,199,208,245,285,296,301,311,349,368,380,420,481,507,528,541,620,656],"tropical":[15,328,345,390,434],"width":[16,189,387],"in":[17,73,263,384,411,597,615],"the":[18,51,62,74,87,92,135,231,234,242,246,264,271,293,304,323,327,334,344,361,376,385,389,412,433,437,459,563,592,610,616,623,648],"stratosphere":[19],"using":[20,134,211,448,497,627,629],"long-lived":[21,55],"tracers":[22,56],"diagnostics.":[25,484],"It":[26,544],"is":[27,53,98,142,179,373,533,578,613],"designed":[28],"to":[29,185,250,280,375,426,463,510,589,602,647,652],"operate":[30],"on":[31,258,360,493,554],"gridded":[32],"atmospheric":[33],"datasets":[34],"(NetCDF)":[35],"handled":[36],"via":[37],"xarray,":[38],"supports":[40],"both":[41,241],"pressure-coordinate":[42],"potential-temperature":[44],"(\u03b8)":[45],"analyses.":[46,604],"The":[47,121,193,225,287,319,347,403,530,631],"physical":[48],"motivation":[49],"code":[52,649],"that":[54,431,591],"such":[57],"as":[58,100,203,230,595],"N\u2082O,":[59],"CH\u2084,":[60],"Age":[63],"of":[64,86,110,148,154,162,206,233,248,292,306,326,388,428,461,609,622,625],"Air":[65],"(AoA)":[66],"are":[67,218,352,442,640,650],"predominantly":[68],"shaped":[69],"by":[70,240,331,408,458,524],"large-scale":[71,603],"stratosphere.":[75],"Their":[76],"meridional":[77,236],"gradients":[78],"spatial":[80,340],"distributions":[81],"therefore":[82,381],"provide":[83],"robust":[84,290,512],"diagnostics":[85,192,593],"Brewer\u2013Dobson":[88],"circulation":[89],"(BDC)":[90],"associated":[93],"barriers.":[96,514],"AoA":[97],"treated":[99],"purely":[102],"transport-controlled":[103],"artificial":[104],"tracer,":[105],"allowing":[106,364],"an":[107],"integrated":[108],"assessment":[109],"advection":[111],"mixing":[113,430],"without":[114,177],"chemical":[115],"influences.":[116],"Data":[117],"handling":[118],"preprocessing":[120,178,621],"includes":[123,519],"utilities":[124],"to:":[125],"All":[126],"input":[127],"data":[128,518],"must":[129],"be":[130,586],"read":[131],"preprocessed":[133],"provided":[136],"helper":[137,535],"function:":[138,531],"'load_nc_xarray'.":[139],"step":[141],"mandatory.The":[143],"function":[144,205,536,577],"ensures:-":[145],"consistent":[146],"naming":[147],"dimensions":[149],"variables,-":[151],"correct":[152],"decoding":[153],"time":[155,207,565],"coordinates":[156],"(including":[157],"non-standard":[158],"calendars),-":[159],"proper":[160],"sorting":[161],"latitude,":[163],"longitude,":[164],"vertical":[166,209,571],"coordinates,-":[167],"compatibility":[168],"across":[169,270],"different":[170],"models":[171],"reanalysis":[173],"products.Using":[174],"raw":[175],"xarray.open_dataset()":[176],"not":[180,579],"supported":[181],"may":[183],"lead":[184],"incorrect":[186],"results.":[187],"Tropical":[188],"STB":[191,552],"core":[194],"routine":[195],"(Tropical_width3D)":[196],"computes":[197],"southern":[198,294],"northern":[200,297],"boundaries":[202,300,491],"level":[210],"multiple":[212,559],"tracer-based":[213],"metrics.":[214],"Three":[215],"primary":[216],"methods":[217,561],"implemented:":[219],"1.":[220],"Gradient":[221],"Weighted":[222],"Latitude":[223],"(GWL)":[224],"GWL":[226],"metric":[227,318,372,402],"estimates":[228,291],"STBs":[229,407,626],"latitude":[232,249,357,378,462],"strongest":[235],"tracer":[237,329,335,362,391,414,455,494],"gradient,":[238,265],"weighted":[239,457],"gradient":[243,274],"magnitude":[244],"cosine":[247,460],"account":[251],"spherical":[253,525],"geometry.":[254],"Rather":[255],"than":[256,394,478],"relying":[257],"single":[260],"local":[261],"maximum":[262],"this":[266],"approach":[267,405],"integrates":[268],"information":[269],"full":[272],"latitudinal":[273,324],"structure,":[275],"making":[276],"it":[277],"less":[278],"sensitive":[279,374],"grid":[281],"resolution,":[282],"weak":[283],"extrema,":[284],"noise.":[286],"method":[288,321,470,489,503],"yields":[289],"(\u03d5\u209b)":[295],"(\u03d5\u2099)":[298],"closely":[302],"follows":[303],"formulation":[305],"Davis":[307],"&":[308],"Rosenlof":[309],"(2012)":[310],"Shah":[312],"et":[313],"al.":[314],"(2020).":[315],"2.":[316],"1-Sigma":[317,320],"identifies":[322,490],"extent":[325],"reservoir":[330],"determining":[332],"where":[333],"concentration":[336,415],"falls":[337],"below":[338],"one":[339],"standard":[341,350],"deviation":[342,351],"from":[343,436,474],"mean.":[346],"mean":[348,635],"computed":[353,443],"over":[354],"70\u00b0":[356],"window":[358,379],"centered":[359],"maximum,":[363],"hemispheric":[366],"asymmetries":[367],"seasonal":[369],"shifts.":[370],"chosen":[377],"reflects":[382],"changes":[383,646],"overall":[386],"belt":[392],"rather":[393,477],"localized":[395],"gradients.":[396],"3.":[397],"Probability":[398],"Distribution":[399],"Function":[400],"(PDF)":[401],"PDF":[404],"diagnoses":[406],"identifying":[409,567],"minima":[410,424],"equal-area":[413],"PDF,":[416],"following":[417],"Sparling":[418],"(2000)":[419],"subsequent":[421],"applications.":[422],"These":[423],"correspond":[425],"regions":[427],"reduced":[429],"separate":[432],"pipe":[435],"midlatitude":[438],"surf":[439],"zone.":[440],"PDFs":[441],"independently":[444],"each":[446],"hemisphere":[447],"Gaussian":[449,505],"kernel":[450],"density":[451],"estimation":[452],"(KDE),":[453],"with":[454,643],"values":[456],"emphasize":[464],"dynamically":[465],"relevant":[466],"regions.":[468],"captures":[471],"statistical":[476],"geographical":[479],"perspective":[480],"complements":[482],"gradient-based":[483],"Additional":[485],"capabilities":[486],"A":[487,501,605],"cross-value":[488],"based":[492],"isopleth":[495],"crossings,":[496],"monotonic":[498],"PCHIP":[499],"interpolation.":[500],"gradient-extremum":[502],"applies":[504],"smoothing":[506],"derivative":[508],"analysis":[509],"locate":[511],"Support":[515],"non-zonal":[517],"longitude-by-longitude":[520],"boundary":[521,569],"detection":[522],"followed":[523],"averaging.":[526],"Validation":[527],"visualization":[529,548],"Plot_width(...)":[532],"intended":[537,580],"exclusively":[538],"validation":[540],"quality":[542],"control.":[543],"quick-look":[547],"by:-":[549],"overlaying":[550],"diagnosed":[551],"latitudes":[553],"latitude\u2013height":[555],"cross":[556],"sections,-":[557],"comparing":[558],"diagnostic":[560],"same":[564],"step,-":[566],"spurious":[568],"jumps,":[570],"inconsistencies,":[572],"or":[573],"unrealistic":[574],"behavior.":[575],"producing":[582],"publication-quality":[583],"figures.It":[584],"should":[585],"used":[587],"only":[588],"verify":[590],"behave":[594],"expected":[596],"practice":[598],"before":[599],"applying":[600],"them":[601],"Jupyter":[606],"notebook":[607],"('Evaluation":[608],"boundaries.ipynb')":[612],"included":[614],"repository,":[617],"demonstrating:":[618],"loading":[619],"data,computation":[624],"Tropical_width3D,validation":[628],"Plot_width.":[630],"example":[632],"uses":[633],"monthly":[634,655],"data,":[636],"but":[637],"all":[638],"functions":[639],"fully":[641],"compatible":[642],"daily":[644,657],"data.No":[645],"required":[651],"switch":[653],"between":[654],"temporal":[658],"resolution.":[659]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2026-01-30T00:00:00"}