{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126076214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","title":"The true scale of global wildlife trade is obscured by data gaps","display_name":"The true scale of global wildlife trade is obscured by data gaps","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126076214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42962026","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13721986"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737427234","display_name":"Science Advances","issn_l":"2375-2548","issn":["2375-2548"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science Advances","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085793593","display_name":"Alice Catherine Hughes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4899-3158","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4899-3158","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0675-7552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alice C. Hughes","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4899-3158","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081600832","display_name":"Benjamin Michael Marshall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9554-0605","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9554-0605"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["AU","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Michael Marshall","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9554-0605","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028358347","display_name":"Daniel W. S. Challender","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0606-1715","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0606-1715"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel W. S. Challender","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science (ICCS) and Oxford Martin Programme on Wildlife Trade, Department of Biology and Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0606-1715","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science (ICCS) and Oxford Martin Programme on Wildlife Trade, Department of Biology and Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040246647","display_name":"David P. Edwards","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8562-3853","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8562-3853"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David P. Edwards","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Sciences, Centre for Global Wood Security, and Conservation Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8562-3853","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Sciences, Centre for Global Wood Security, and Conservation Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081030708","display_name":"Evan A. Eskew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1153-5356","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1153-5356"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evan A. Eskew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Interdisciplinary Data Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1153-5356","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Data Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001324769","display_name":"Julie L. Lockwood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0177-449X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0177-449X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julie L. Lockwood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers Climate and Energy Institute and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0177-449X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers Climate and Energy Institute and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064357567","display_name":"Oscar Morton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5483-4498","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5483-4498"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Morton","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5483-4498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019303723","display_name":"Kelly Malsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-9357","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-9357"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164576550","display_name":"UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/04570b518","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286959531","https://openalex.org/I164576550","https://openalex.org/I202262619"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kelly Malsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-9357","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164576550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022530869","display_name":"Caroline Sayuri Fukushima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7909-0173","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7909-0173"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI","PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caroline Fukushima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe), CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal","The Biodiversity and Sustainability Solutions (BISONS) Lab, Department of Biodiversity Sciences, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7909-0173","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe), CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Biodiversity and Sustainability Solutions (BISONS) Lab, Department of Biodiversity Sciences, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074221790","display_name":"Amy Hinsley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-7617","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-7617"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amy Hinsley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science, Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Oxford Martin Programme on Wildlife Trade, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-7617","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science, Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Oxford Martin Programme on Wildlife Trade, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008817434","display_name":"Vincent Nijman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5600-4276","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5600-4276"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124261462","display_name":"Oxford Brookes University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v2twj65","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124261462"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Nijman","raw_affiliation_strings":["EcoVerde Global Consulting, Oxford, UK","Oxford Wildlife Trade Research Group, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5600-4276","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EcoVerde Global Consulting, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Wildlife Trade Research Group, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124261462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050695236","display_name":"Shai Meiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3839-6330","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3839-6330"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shai Meiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3839-6330","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066756936","display_name":"Sharon Baruch\u2010Mordo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-9866","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-9866"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharon Baruch-Mordo","raw_affiliation_strings":["TRAFFIC International, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-9866","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TRAFFIC International, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008234052","display_name":"Michael F. Tlusty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7493-2025","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7493-2025"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33434090","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Boston","ror":"https://ror.org/04ydmy275","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael F. Tlusty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Ocean Conservation Program, Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA, USA","School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7493-2025","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Ocean Conservation Program, Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33434090"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033058183","display_name":"Rodrigo Oyanedel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2359-4641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2359-4641"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodrigo Oyanedel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecolog\u00eda Costera (SECOS), Santiago, Chile","MAR FUTURA, Navidad, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecolog\u00eda Costera (SECOS), Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MAR FUTURA, Navidad, Chile","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114871785","display_name":"Jacqueline J\u00fcrgens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1216-0357","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1216-0357"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801097748","display_name":"Federal Agency for Nature Conservation","ror":"https://ror.org/05j8qnr48","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801097748"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacqueline J\u00fcrgens","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Federal Agency For Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1216-0357","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Federal Agency For Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801097748"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077327508","display_name":"Samuel Pironon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8937-7626","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8937-7626"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799614521","display_name":"Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew","ror":"https://ror.org/00ynnr806","country_code":"GB","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799614521"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Pironon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK","School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8937-7626","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799614521"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091008447","display_name":"Alyson T. Pavitt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3926-0462","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3926-0462"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164576550","display_name":"UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/04570b518","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286959531","https://openalex.org/I164576550","https://openalex.org/I202262619"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alyson T. Pavitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3926-0462","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164576550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026884641","display_name":"Nazl\u0131 Demirel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4542-9276","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4542-9276"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","display_name":"Istanbul University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a5qrr21","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazli Demirel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4542-9276","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063985907","display_name":"Molly R. C. Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5178-0412","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5178-0412"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098357","display_name":"International Union for Conservation of Nature (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00yq23r19","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098357","https://openalex.org/I4210161504"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Molly R. C. Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027213435","display_name":"Oliver Tallowin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7282-3645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7282-3645"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098357","display_name":"International Union for Conservation of Nature (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00yq23r19","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098357","https://openalex.org/I4210161504"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver J. S. Tallowin","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7282-3645","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009556812","display_name":"Kim Jerome Friedman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4002-6585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4002-6585"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1320745970","display_name":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations","ror":"https://ror.org/00pe0tf51","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286959531","https://openalex.org/I1320745970"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","display_name":"The University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252610","display_name":"Oceans Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/028khat13","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127","https://openalex.org/I4405252610"]}],"countries":["AU","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim Friedman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fisheries and Aquaculture Division (NFI), Assessment &amp; Management Team (NFIFM), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy","The University of Western Australia Oceans Institute, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4002-6585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Division (NFI), Assessment &amp; Management Team (NFIFM), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1320745970"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Western Australia Oceans Institute, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127","https://openalex.org/I4405252610"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057534226","display_name":"Rishi Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3818-9393","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3818-9393"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rishi Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate (CMEC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3818-9393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate (CMEC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102923081","display_name":"Neil D. Burgess","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-4535","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-4535"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164576550","display_name":"UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/04570b518","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286959531","https://openalex.org/I164576550","https://openalex.org/I202262619"]}],"countries":["DK","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil D. Burgess","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate (CMEC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark","United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-4535","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate (CMEC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164576550"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":9,"institutions_distinct_count":21,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081600832","https://openalex.org/A5085793593"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595","https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"fwci":3.2499,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8448304,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":92,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"44","first_page":"eaei3504","last_page":"eaei3504"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12965","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12965","display_name":"Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13967","display_name":"Conservation, Ecology, Wildlife Education","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-wildlife-trade","display_name":"international wildlife trade","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-monitoring","display_name":"trade monitoring","score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cites","display_name":"CITES","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateral-environmental-agreements","display_name":"multilateral environmental agreements","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illegal-wildlife-trade","display_name":"illegal wildlife trade","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wildlife-overexploitation","display_name":"wildlife overexploitation","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biodiversity-loss","display_name":"biodiversity loss","score":0.9200000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29376679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241741","display_name":"Wildlife","level":2,"score":0.8443999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776605222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141338","display_name":"Wildlife trade","level":3,"score":0.8363999724388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95803793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191836","display_name":"CITES","level":2,"score":0.6762999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6075999736785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5335000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.5062000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.4844000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.4758000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147366489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766328","display_name":"Wildlife conservation","level":3,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187604713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5570810","display_name":"Global biodiversity","level":3,"score":0.37540000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.37389999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166548495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580178","display_name":"Wildlife management","level":3,"score":0.31220000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779485152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152805","display_name":"Convention on Biological Diversity","level":3,"score":0.31040000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175895763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17072037","display_name":"North American Model of Wildlife Conservation","level":4,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000094462","descriptor_name":"Wildlife Trade","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000835","descriptor_name":"Animals, Wild","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003247","descriptor_name":"Conservation of Natural Resources","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044822","descriptor_name":"Biodiversity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056727","descriptor_name":"Endangered Species","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737427234","display_name":"Science Advances","issn_l":"2375-2548","issn":["2375-2548"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science Advances","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.32942/x2t66d","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32942/x2t66d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32942/x2t66d","pdf_url":"https://ecoevorxiv.org/repository/object/11272/download/20977/","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13721986","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13721986/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13721986/pdf/sciadv.aei3504.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Adv","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42962026","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42962026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science advances","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eer:id:11272","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ecoevorxiv.org/repository/object/11272/download/25923/","pdf_url":"https://ecoevorxiv.org/repository/object/11272/download/25923/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402488","display_name":"EcoEvoRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EcoEvoRxiv","raw_type":"PREPRINTS"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aei3504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737427234","display_name":"Science Advances","issn_l":"2375-2548","issn":["2375-2548"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science Advances","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7605999708175659}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3348849336","display_name":"Empowering citizens in collaborative environmental compliance assurance via MOnitoring, REporting and action","funder_award_id":"101133983","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7126076214.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7126076214.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":151,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1916938830","https://openalex.org/W1973012451","https://openalex.org/W1976256984","https://openalex.org/W1979732845","https://openalex.org/W2001141369","https://openalex.org/W2005825578","https://openalex.org/W2036480343","https://openalex.org/W2043833756","https://openalex.org/W2070918044","https://openalex.org/W2097028337","https://openalex.org/W2107752941","https://openalex.org/W2119488305","https://openalex.org/W2145098574","https://openalex.org/W2152474769","https://openalex.org/W2162520906","https://openalex.org/W2217934616","https://openalex.org/W2276139955","https://openalex.org/W2330523035","https://openalex.org/W2342187063","https://openalex.org/W2397341616","https://openalex.org/W2418198477","https://openalex.org/W2419675980","https://openalex.org/W2432978557","https://openalex.org/W2471236624","https://openalex.org/W2582201721","https://openalex.org/W2604900344","https://openalex.org/W2624890272","https://openalex.org/W2730092946","https://openalex.org/W2751264110","https://openalex.org/W2756596096","https://openalex.org/W2799557914","https://openalex.org/W2808891583","https://openalex.org/W2917632903","https://openalex.org/W2921731820","https://openalex.org/W2948749917","https://openalex.org/W2959362777","https://openalex.org/W2963588881","https://openalex.org/W2963709890","https://openalex.org/W2964322664","https://openalex.org/W2969603542","https://openalex.org/W2973302294","https://openalex.org/W2976639051","https://openalex.org/W2981950582","https://openalex.org/W3000378012","https://openalex.org/W3004267271","https://openalex.org/W3005134609","https://openalex.org/W3009425224","https://openalex.org/W3022456161","https://openalex.org/W3079929352","https://openalex.org/W3088638565","https://openalex.org/W3090287064","https://openalex.org/W3125399993","https://openalex.org/W3127983516","https://openalex.org/W3131419516","https://openalex.org/W3138752027","https://openalex.org/W3153211953","https://openalex.org/W3166953814","https://openalex.org/W3172354216","https://openalex.org/W3173284744","https://openalex.org/W3185056246","https://openalex.org/W3192259828","https://openalex.org/W3193499865","https://openalex.org/W3209131957","https://openalex.org/W4205171221","https://openalex.org/W4205192469","https://openalex.org/W4206407555","https://openalex.org/W4212893215","https://openalex.org/W4220911211","https://openalex.org/W4223942203","https://openalex.org/W4225014797","https://openalex.org/W4225396490","https://openalex.org/W4242289937","https://openalex.org/W4280516099","https://openalex.org/W4283728952","https://openalex.org/W4289714340","https://openalex.org/W4307427734","https://openalex.org/W4315780435","https://openalex.org/W4323925109","https://openalex.org/W4353029284","https://openalex.org/W4353059985","https://openalex.org/W4360962051","https://openalex.org/W4361212316","https://openalex.org/W4376598376","https://openalex.org/W4382499586","https://openalex.org/W4383340927","https://openalex.org/W4385953119","https://openalex.org/W4385956380","https://openalex.org/W4386689246","https://openalex.org/W4386954505","https://openalex.org/W4387004972","https://openalex.org/W4387935783","https://openalex.org/W4388312265","https://openalex.org/W4388420894","https://openalex.org/W4389000930","https://openalex.org/W4389371373","https://openalex.org/W4390947014","https://openalex.org/W4390967575","https://openalex.org/W4391940950","https://openalex.org/W4393811898","https://openalex.org/W4394689119","https://openalex.org/W4395210839","https://openalex.org/W4395690657","https://openalex.org/W4399426680","https://openalex.org/W4399531489","https://openalex.org/W4400866190","https://openalex.org/W4401751614","https://openalex.org/W4402358226","https://openalex.org/W4402358530","https://openalex.org/W4402358564","https://openalex.org/W4402372349","https://openalex.org/W4402740298","https://openalex.org/W4403973092","https://openalex.org/W4404426403","https://openalex.org/W4404583986","https://openalex.org/W4405449458","https://openalex.org/W4405574025","https://openalex.org/W4406143727","https://openalex.org/W4406669080","https://openalex.org/W4406788502","https://openalex.org/W4406936221","https://openalex.org/W4407629186","https://openalex.org/W4408661896","https://openalex.org/W4408922756","https://openalex.org/W4410791746","https://openalex.org/W4410820480","https://openalex.org/W4410832829","https://openalex.org/W4411495984","https://openalex.org/W4411963272","https://openalex.org/W4412509358","https://openalex.org/W4412699378","https://openalex.org/W4413257766","https://openalex.org/W4413510159","https://openalex.org/W4413760176","https://openalex.org/W4414346270","https://openalex.org/W4414505303","https://openalex.org/W4414518357","https://openalex.org/W4415653483","https://openalex.org/W4415724639","https://openalex.org/W4416027095","https://openalex.org/W4416716997","https://openalex.org/W4417299528","https://openalex.org/W4417457614","https://openalex.org/W6931332985","https://openalex.org/W6968918238","https://openalex.org/W7119911868","https://openalex.org/W7126200317","https://openalex.org/W7131644203","https://openalex.org/W7140117227","https://openalex.org/W7168288262","https://openalex.org/W7169505835","https://openalex.org/W7202249977"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4406143727","https://openalex.org/W2941353231","https://openalex.org/W4408661896","https://openalex.org/W4413804903","https://openalex.org/W3125399993","https://openalex.org/W4394689119","https://openalex.org/W3192259828","https://openalex.org/W4415612756","https://openalex.org/W4391940950","https://openalex.org/W4376598376"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Overexploitation":[0],"of":[1,5,10,43,70,95,104,118,129,139,167],"wildlife":[2,44,140],"is":[3],"one":[4],"the":[6,102,105,127,134],"greatest":[7],"global":[8,123,149],"drivers":[9],"biodiversity":[11],"loss.":[12],"Yet,":[13],"despite":[14],"this":[15],"well-established":[16],"risk,":[17],"data":[18,80,142],"on":[19,81,89,151,163],"extraction":[20],"and":[21,26,58,98,133,157],"trade":[22,45,59,82,121,141,152],"are":[23],"both":[24],"incomplete":[25],"highly":[27],"fragmented.":[28],"The":[29],"IPBES":[30],"Global":[31],"analysis":[32],"estimated":[33],"50,000":[34],"species":[35,55,84,119],"to":[36,64,154,161],"be":[37],"in":[38,56,87,92,120],"trade,":[39],"yet":[40],"our":[41],"review":[42],"monitoring":[46,131],"programs":[47],"found":[48],"at":[49,53],"least":[50],"double":[51],"that,":[52],"107,356":[54],"use":[57],"globally.":[60],"This":[61,125],"included":[62],"up":[63],"47,685":[65],"animal":[66],"species,":[67],"covering":[68],"42%":[69],"all":[71],"described":[72],"vertebrate":[73],"species.":[74,145,169],"Most":[75],"countries":[76],"lack":[77],"any":[78],"systematic":[79],"for":[83,136],"not":[85],"listed":[86],"Convention":[88],"International":[90],"Trade":[91],"Endangered":[93],"Species":[94],"Wild":[96],"Fauna":[97],"Flora":[99],"(CITES),":[100],"with":[101],"exception":[103],"US-specific":[106],"dataset":[107],"Law":[108],"Enforcement":[109],"Management":[110],"Information":[111],"System,":[112],"which":[113],"frequently":[114],"had":[115],"higher":[116],"diversity":[117],"than":[122,165],"databases.":[124],"highlights":[126],"importance":[128],"national":[130],"efforts":[132],"need":[135],"standardized":[137],"collation":[138],"beyond":[143],"CITES-listed":[144],"Without":[146],"these":[147],"changes,":[148],"indicators":[150],"meant":[153],"guide":[155],"sustainability":[156],"conservation":[158],"will":[159],"continue":[160],"focus":[162],"less":[164],"2%":[166],"traded":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-01-30T00:00:00"}
