{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126066822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31083/rcm43535","title":"Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Pathophysiology and Diagnostic\u2013Therapeutic Processes","display_name":"Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Pathophysiology and Diagnostic\u2013Therapeutic Processes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126066822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31083/rcm43535","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41659118","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12873675"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31083/rcm43535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31083/rcm43535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31083/rcm43535","pdf_url":"https://storage.imrpress.com/IMR/2013134381569613800/application/2153-8174-27-1-43535.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140574793","display_name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","issn_l":"1530-6550","issn":["1530-6550","2153-8174"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322753","host_organization_name":"IMR Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IMR Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://storage.imrpress.com/IMR/2013134381569613800/application/2153-8174-27-1-43535.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017713794","display_name":"S. Antonaci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2547-710X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2547-710X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Serena Antonaci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiology Unit, Sacro Cuore di Ges\u00f9 Hospital, 73014 Gallipoli, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2547-710X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology Unit, Sacro Cuore di Ges\u00f9 Hospital, 73014 Gallipoli, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068827931","display_name":"Zumrud Ismibayli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4213-0597","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4213-0597"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144247","display_name":"Ministry of Healthcare","ror":"https://ror.org/03d3w4k14","country_code":"AZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144247"]}],"countries":["AZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zumrud Ismibayli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiology Unit, XMSK Hospital, AZ 1004 Baku, Azerbaijan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4213-0597","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology Unit, XMSK Hospital, AZ 1004 Baku, Azerbaijan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124295967","display_name":"Silvana De Martino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2618-5803","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2618-5803"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvana De Martino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiology Unit, Sacro Cuore di Ges\u00f9 Hospital, 73014 Gallipoli, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2618-5803","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology Unit, Sacro Cuore di Ges\u00f9 Hospital, 73014 Gallipoli, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001896423","display_name":"Giulia Azzurra De Santis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2355-250X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2355-250X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giulia Azzurra De Santis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiology Unit, Sacro Cuore di Ges\u00f9 Hospital, 73014 Gallipoli, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2355-250X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology Unit, Sacro Cuore di Ges\u00f9 Hospital, 73014 Gallipoli, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006105181","display_name":"Kareem Salame","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5729-3240","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5729-3240"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799810450","display_name":"Sheba Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/020rzx487","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799810450"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kareem Salame","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medicine Department, The Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer, 5265601 Tel Aviv, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5729-3240","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medicine Department, The Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer, 5265601 Tel Aviv, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799810450"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051666573","display_name":"Marco Russo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9843-2925","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9843-2925","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8989-1218"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Russo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiology Unit, Sacro Cuore di Ges\u00f9 Hospital, 73014 Gallipoli, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8989-1218","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology Unit, Sacro Cuore di Ges\u00f9 Hospital, 73014 Gallipoli, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017713794"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":2.1437,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80321873,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"43535","last_page":"43535"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11571","display_name":"Sarcoidosis and Beryllium Toxicity Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11571","display_name":"Sarcoidosis and Beryllium Toxicity Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11909","display_name":"Histiocytic Disorders and Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11638","display_name":"Cardiac tumors and thrombi","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-sarcoidosis","display_name":"cardiac sarcoidosis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-caseating-granulomas","display_name":"non-caseating granulomas","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endomyocardial-biopsy","display_name":"endomyocardial biopsy","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fdg-pet","display_name":"FDG-PET","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"cardiac magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppressive-therapy","display_name":"immunosuppressive therapy","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corticosteroids","display_name":"corticosteroids","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-arrhythmia","display_name":"cardiac arrhythmias","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure","display_name":"heart failure","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sudden-cardiac-death","display_name":"sudden cardiac death","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnosis","display_name":"diagnosis","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response","display_name":"treatment response","score":0.5019999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9577000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781301800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193894","display_name":"Sarcoidosis","level":2,"score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911014034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193894","display_name":"Cardiac sarcoidosis","level":3,"score":0.588100016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5171999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987145844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038325","display_name":"Cardiac magnetic resonance","level":3,"score":0.4772000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.47209998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.46959999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40993552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514654","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","level":2,"score":0.46869999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.4542999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775842073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208376","display_name":"Positron emission tomography","level":2,"score":0.45249998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019189323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60775470","display_name":"Endomyocardial biopsy","level":3,"score":0.4194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776008845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038325","display_name":"Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging","level":3,"score":0.39570000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10162356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135939","display_name":"Pathophysiology","level":2,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776127602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038319","display_name":"Cardiac imaging","level":2,"score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775934546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179991","display_name":"Biopsy","level":2,"score":0.33379998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.31540000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780875844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186235","display_name":"Myocarditis","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780074459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389735","display_name":"Heart disease","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775935837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202837","display_name":"Sudden cardiac death","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31083/rcm43535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31083/rcm43535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31083/rcm43535","pdf_url":"https://storage.imrpress.com/IMR/2013134381569613800/application/2153-8174-27-1-43535.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140574793","display_name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","issn_l":"1530-6550","issn":["1530-6550","2153-8174"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322753","host_organization_name":"IMR Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IMR Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11681286","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12873675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:41659118","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41659118","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reviews in cardiovascular medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12873675","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12873675/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rev Cardiovasc Med","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31083/rcm43535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31083/rcm43535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31083/rcm43535","pdf_url":"https://storage.imrpress.com/IMR/2013134381569613800/application/2153-8174-27-1-43535.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140574793","display_name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","issn_l":"1530-6550","issn":["1530-6550","2153-8174"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322753","host_organization_name":"IMR Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IMR Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7126066822.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7126066822.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":148,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55159339","https://openalex.org/W97174295","https://openalex.org/W206980836","https://openalex.org/W1423113081","https://openalex.org/W1499209871","https://openalex.org/W1509059019","https://openalex.org/W1533466157","https://openalex.org/W1540159173","https://openalex.org/W1542860556","https://openalex.org/W1926049969","https://openalex.org/W1963628564","https://openalex.org/W1980454415","https://openalex.org/W1991529784","https://openalex.org/W2003501496","https://openalex.org/W2004146128","https://openalex.org/W2004152794","https://openalex.org/W2004400845","https://openalex.org/W2005117258","https://openalex.org/W2007131537","https://openalex.org/W2010909136","https://openalex.org/W2017805576","https://openalex.org/W2018307591","https://openalex.org/W2021770099","https://openalex.org/W2022255968","https://openalex.org/W2022471310","https://openalex.org/W2023589834","https://openalex.org/W2025304840","https://openalex.org/W2026246759","https://openalex.org/W2029134208","https://openalex.org/W2046687402","https://openalex.org/W2049846916","https://openalex.org/W2054910470","https://openalex.org/W2056631752","https://openalex.org/W2060313375","https://openalex.org/W2060513098","https://openalex.org/W2061612281","https://openalex.org/W2073486761","https://openalex.org/W2074689288","https://openalex.org/W2084037981","https://openalex.org/W2085305519","https://openalex.org/W2090907512","https://openalex.org/W2094338449","https://openalex.org/W2097604219","https://openalex.org/W2100288258","https://openalex.org/W2105758949","https://openalex.org/W2108441539","https://openalex.org/W2108790093","https://openalex.org/W2113223206","https://openalex.org/W2116376845","https://openalex.org/W2121388907","https://openalex.org/W2125073323","https://openalex.org/W2130562407","https://openalex.org/W2137224046","https://openalex.org/W2140802515","https://openalex.org/W2152270994","https://openalex.org/W2153685749","https://openalex.org/W2164767507","https://openalex.org/W2171559746","https://openalex.org/W2242208512","https://openalex.org/W2260900256","https://openalex.org/W2313973179","https://openalex.org/W2336487567","https://openalex.org/W2405937009","https://openalex.org/W2414343713","https://openalex.org/W2416078561","https://openalex.org/W2425381635","https://openalex.org/W2463978281","https://openalex.org/W2485794990","https://openalex.org/W2488020095","https://openalex.org/W2508716736","https://openalex.org/W2524308529","https://openalex.org/W2558026026","https://openalex.org/W2571821948","https://openalex.org/W2573501158","https://openalex.org/W2598113481","https://openalex.org/W2605957218","https://openalex.org/W2618459605","https://openalex.org/W2621614913","https://openalex.org/W2624316857","https://openalex.org/W2626935940","https://openalex.org/W2743092116","https://openalex.org/W2765408474","https://openalex.org/W2766321599","https://openalex.org/W2782903107","https://openalex.org/W2789631442","https://openalex.org/W2795447037","https://openalex.org/W2803656823","https://openalex.org/W2883623638","https://openalex.org/W2885556948","https://openalex.org/W2886047780","https://openalex.org/W2888113997","https://openalex.org/W2891116545","https://openalex.org/W2912363878","https://openalex.org/W2915172999","https://openalex.org/W2947794069","https://openalex.org/W2949145879","https://openalex.org/W2969657058","https://openalex.org/W2970487677","https://openalex.org/W2980094499","https://openalex.org/W2993917498","https://openalex.org/W3019217086","https://openalex.org/W3028928222","https://openalex.org/W3042958851","https://openalex.org/W3091154226","https://openalex.org/W3092415006","https://openalex.org/W3093290872","https://openalex.org/W3128321562","https://openalex.org/W3165579522","https://openalex.org/W3166756865","https://openalex.org/W3182851694","https://openalex.org/W3185919378","https://openalex.org/W3195044181","https://openalex.org/W3206494576","https://openalex.org/W3213919864","https://openalex.org/W4200108322","https://openalex.org/W4205512225","https://openalex.org/W4205862288","https://openalex.org/W4206490354","https://openalex.org/W4225264499","https://openalex.org/W4225548348","https://openalex.org/W4229019217","https://openalex.org/W4229452945","https://openalex.org/W4255947739","https://openalex.org/W4280609636","https://openalex.org/W4293217392","https://openalex.org/W4293277994","https://openalex.org/W4295759002","https://openalex.org/W4300772207","https://openalex.org/W4307392208","https://openalex.org/W4311453587","https://openalex.org/W4311742636","https://openalex.org/W4313396457","https://openalex.org/W4313613086","https://openalex.org/W4313892725","https://openalex.org/W4318070530","https://openalex.org/W4327588594","https://openalex.org/W4382931940","https://openalex.org/W4385620114","https://openalex.org/W4387132570","https://openalex.org/W4390488697","https://openalex.org/W4392709489","https://openalex.org/W4394917766","https://openalex.org/W4400905518","https://openalex.org/W4401520307","https://openalex.org/W4401900247","https://openalex.org/W4405055576","https://openalex.org/W4406227135","https://openalex.org/W4408294392"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4408037037","https://openalex.org/W3158700630","https://openalex.org/W4392845506","https://openalex.org/W3094905490","https://openalex.org/W7214903884","https://openalex.org/W4226388643","https://openalex.org/W4393904711","https://openalex.org/W2944331941","https://openalex.org/W7140297946","https://openalex.org/W7140094399"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sarcoidosis":[0],"is":[1,89,108],"a":[2],"rare":[3],"inflammatory":[4],"disorder":[5],"of":[6,13,74,105,146,166],"unknown":[7],"etiology,":[8],"characterized":[9],"by":[10],"the":[11,26,72,91,103,112,143,164,188],"formation":[12],"non-caseating":[14],"granulomas":[15],"in":[16,119],"affected":[17],"organs.":[18],"Additionally,":[19],"sarcoidosis":[20,55,97],"typically":[21],"involves":[22],"multiple":[23],"systems,":[24],"with":[25],"lungs":[27],"and":[28,41,76,82,115,132,148,156,176,184,200],"thoracic":[29],"lymph":[30],"nodes":[31],"being":[32],"most":[33],"commonly":[34],"affected.":[35],"While":[36],"many":[37],"cases":[38],"are":[39,162,174,179],"self-limited":[40],"resolve":[42],"spontaneously,":[43],"cardiac":[44,54,66,96,117,133],"involvement,":[45],"although":[46],"relatively":[47],"uncommon,":[48],"can":[49,79,138,149],"be":[50,150],"particularly":[51,160],"severe.":[52],"Indeed,":[53],"may":[56],"lead":[57],"to":[58,111,194,198,203],"life-threatening":[59],"arrhythmias,":[60],"severe":[61],"heart":[62],"failure,":[63],"or":[64],"sudden":[65],"death,":[67],"significantly":[68],"impacting":[69],"prognosis.":[70,157],"Meanwhile,":[71],"heterogeneity":[73],"presentation":[75],"disease":[77],"course":[78],"make":[80],"diagnosis":[81,145],"treatment":[83,154,177],"challenging.":[84],"An":[85],"endomyocardial":[86],"biopsy":[87],"(EMB)":[88],"considered":[90,163],"gold":[92],"standard":[93],"for":[94,142,152,168,191,205],"diagnosing":[95],"(CS);":[98],"despite":[99],"its":[100],"high":[101],"specificity,":[102],"sensitivity":[104],"this":[106],"technique":[107],"low":[109],"owing":[110],"often":[113],"focal":[114],"patchy":[116],"involvement":[118],"sarcoidosis.":[120],"New":[121],"imaging":[122],"techniques,":[123],"such":[124],"as":[125],"fluorine-18":[126],"fluorodeoxyglucose":[127],"positron":[128],"emission":[129],"tomography":[130],"(FDG-PET)":[131],"magnetic":[134],"resonance":[135],"(CMR)":[136],"imaging,":[137],"provide":[139],"valuable":[140],"information":[141],"accurate":[144],"CS":[147],"useful":[151],"evaluating":[153],"response":[155],"Immunosuppressive":[158],"treatments,":[159],"corticosteroids,":[161],"cornerstone":[165],"therapy":[167,207],"CS.":[169],"However,":[170],"randomized":[171],"clinical":[172],"trials":[173],"lacking,":[175],"decisions":[178],"based":[180],"on":[181],"cohort":[182],"studies":[183],"consensus":[185],"opinions.":[186],"Moreover,":[187],"optimal":[189],"strategy":[190],"determining":[192],"when":[193],"initiate,":[195],"how":[196],"long":[197],"continue,":[199],"what":[201],"dosage":[202],"use":[204],"immunosuppressive":[206],"remains":[208],"uncertain.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-01-30T00:00:00"}
