{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126045003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192899675.003.0004","title":"Diagnosis or diagnostic formulation?","display_name":"Diagnosis or diagnostic formulation?","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126045003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192899675.003.0004"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/med/9780192899675.003.0004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192899675.003.0004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192899675.003.0004","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behavioural Problems in Developmental Disorders","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126104046","display_name":"Behavioural Problems in Developmental Disorders"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124251097","display_name":"Stewart L. Einfeld","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stewart L. Einfeld","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002035413","display_name":"Michael McDowell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-1464","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-1464"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Mcdowell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103628712","display_name":"ADRIAN D. SANDLER","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrian Sandler","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09557679,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"87","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.8173999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.8173999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.06530000269412994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10182","display_name":"Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development","score":0.03799999877810478,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-formulation","display_name":"diagnostic formulation","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/5p-model","display_name":"5P model","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-disabilities","display_name":"developmental disabilities","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-behavior-problems","display_name":"child behavior problems","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predisposing-factors","display_name":"predisposing factors","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protective-factors","display_name":"protective factors","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitating-factors","display_name":"precipitating factors","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perpetuating-factors","display_name":"perpetuating factors","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-planning","display_name":"management planning","score":0.4339999854564667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.4205000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82157600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2671652","display_name":"Diagnostic test","level":2,"score":0.38449999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3709000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/med/9780192899675.003.0004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192899675.003.0004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192899675.003.0004","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behavioural Problems in Developmental Disorders","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1748300382","https://openalex.org/W2890921985","https://openalex.org/W3034032160","https://openalex.org/W2604832062","https://openalex.org/W7222869646","https://openalex.org/W4241277934","https://openalex.org/W2415359892","https://openalex.org/W4237682674","https://openalex.org/W116837113","https://openalex.org/W2583548553"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Comprehensive":[1],"assessment":[2,24],"of":[3,53,64,74],"behaviour":[4,51,94],"generates":[5],"information":[6,25,87],"across":[7],"biological,":[8],"psychological":[9],"and":[10,81,107],"social/environmental":[11],"domains.":[12],"This":[13,38,72],"leads":[14],"to":[15,49,85],"a":[16,27,36,62,102],"challenge:":[17],"what":[18],"is":[19,47,67],"the":[20,41,69],"best":[21],"way":[22],"organize":[23],"into":[26],"meaningful":[28],"summary?":[29],"In":[30,83],"medical":[31],"tradition":[32],"this":[33],"involves":[34],"making":[35],"diagnosis.":[37],"chapter":[39],"considers":[40],"limitations":[42],"in":[43],"utility":[44],"when":[45],"diagnosis":[46],"used":[48],"characterise":[50],"problems":[52],"children":[54],"with":[55],"developmental":[56],"disabilities.":[57],"To":[58],"address":[59],"these":[60],"limitations,":[61],"system":[63],"diagnostic":[65,99],"formulation":[66,100],"proposed,":[68],"5P":[70],"model.":[71],"consists":[73],"factors":[75],"termed":[76],"predisposing,":[77],"protective,":[78],"precipitating,":[79],"perpetuating,":[80],"palliating.":[82],"addition":[84],"organising":[86],"so":[88],"that":[89],"causal":[90],"influences":[91],"on":[92],"child":[93],"are":[95],"more":[96],"easily":[97],"understood,":[98],"provides":[101],"solid":[103],"foundation":[104],"for":[105],"planning":[106],"evaluating":[108],"management":[109],"strategy.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2026-01-30T00:00:00"}