{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126040944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356181","title":"EProtoSeg: An Explainable Prototype-Based Network with Multi-Scale Context for Brain Tumor Segmentation","display_name":"EProtoSeg: An Explainable Prototype-Based Network with Multi-Scale Context for Brain Tumor Segmentation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126040944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356181"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607730","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7126040944"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091653950","display_name":"Bonian Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bonian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University,Urumqi,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University,Urumqi,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032600929","display_name":"Qiule Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-8186","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-8186"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiule Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076443256","display_name":"Y Y Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61565387","display_name":"Dalian Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hxfx521","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61565387"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujia Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Dalian Minzu University,Dalian,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Dalian Minzu University,Dalian,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61565387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124052843","display_name":"Jianxin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6076-5433","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6076-5433"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61565387","display_name":"Dalian Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hxfx521","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61565387"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Dalian Minzu University,Dalian,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Dalian Minzu University,Dalian,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61565387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114037021","display_name":"Ben Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4685-2052","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4685-2052"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100381999","display_name":"Qiang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-9799","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-9799","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-0337","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7071-9884","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8901-1395","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9721-3441"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3491","last_page":"3495"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10129","display_name":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumor-segmentation","display_name":"brain tumor segmentation","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glioma-segmentation","display_name":"glioma segmentation","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explainable-deep-learning","display_name":"explainable deep learning","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-scale-context-aggregation","display_name":"multi-scale context aggregation","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skip-connections","display_name":"skip connections","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-supervision","display_name":"deep supervision","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brats","display_name":"BraTS","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"interpretability","score":0.5830000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.9092000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.8003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.777899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7552000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.7001000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6229000091552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5098000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4553999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.44690001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141353440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182221","display_name":"Fuse (electrical)","level":2,"score":0.4228000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.41909998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41119998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.3352000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64754055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574053","display_name":"Spatial contextual awareness","level":2,"score":0.322299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183322885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007702","display_name":"Context model","level":3,"score":0.28299999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607730","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5962371428","display_name":"\u9762\u5411MRI\u8111\u80bf\u7624\u5206\u5272\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61972062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2123498585","https://openalex.org/W2464708700","https://openalex.org/W2610467942","https://openalex.org/W3014974815","https://openalex.org/W3203841574","https://openalex.org/W4212875960","https://openalex.org/W4221163766","https://openalex.org/W4322707229","https://openalex.org/W4387211248","https://openalex.org/W4391074791","https://openalex.org/W4394907527","https://openalex.org/W4404483401"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7219255101","https://openalex.org/W4365600889","https://openalex.org/W7172265790","https://openalex.org/W7167694990","https://openalex.org/W7161726222","https://openalex.org/W7140302925","https://openalex.org/W7131215142","https://openalex.org/W7160869858","https://openalex.org/W4394867500","https://openalex.org/W7213515361"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"segmentation":[1,67,162],"of":[2,27,42],"brain":[3],"tumors":[4],"in":[5,50,90,115,141],"magnetic":[6],"resonance":[7],"imaging":[8],"(MRI)":[9],"is":[10,55,113,135,178],"essential":[11],"for":[12],"clinical":[13,51,174],"decision":[14],"support,":[15],"yet":[16],"it":[17],"remains":[18],"a":[19,64],"challenging":[20],"task":[21],"due":[22],"to":[23,97,119,138],"the":[24,30,38,91,116,151],"pronounced":[25],"heterogeneity":[26],"gliomas":[28],"and":[29,101,125,144,154,173],"often":[31],"indistinct":[32],"boundaries":[33],"between":[34],"their":[35,48],"subregions.":[36],"Moreover,":[37],"opaque,":[39],"\u201cblack-box\u201d":[40],"nature":[41],"conventional":[43],"deep":[44,132],"learning":[45,75],"models":[46],"limits":[47],"adoption":[49],"workflows,":[52],"where":[53],"interpretability":[54],"critical.":[56],"To":[57],"address":[58],"these":[59],"challenges,":[60],"we":[61],"propose":[62],"EProtoSeg,":[63],"novel":[65],"3D":[66],"network":[68],"that":[69,158],"synergistically":[70],"integrates":[71],"explainable":[72],"prototypebased":[73],"feature":[74,167],"with":[76],"adaptive":[77],"multi-scale":[78],"context":[79],"aggregation.":[80],"Specifically,":[81],"EProtoSeg":[82,159],"incorporates":[83],"an":[84,107],"Explainable":[85],"Prototype":[86],"Fusion":[87],"(EPF)":[88],"module":[89,112],"decoder,":[92],"which":[93],"learns":[94],"class-specific":[95],"prototypes":[96],"guide":[98],"voxel-wise":[99],"classification":[100],"improve":[102],"boundary":[103],"precision.":[104],"In":[105],"parallel,":[106],"Adaptive":[108],"Multi-Scale":[109],"Context":[110],"(AMSC)":[111],"embedded":[114],"skip":[117],"connections":[118],"dynamically":[120],"fuse":[121],"fine":[122],"spatial":[123],"details":[124],"high-level":[126],"semantic":[127],"information":[128],"across":[129],"scales.":[130],"A":[131],"supervision":[133],"strategy":[134],"further":[136],"employed":[137],"enhance":[139],"discriminability":[140],"ambiguous":[142],"regions":[143],"ensure":[145],"stable":[146],"optimization.":[147],"Extensive":[148],"experiments":[149],"on":[150],"BraTS":[152],"2020":[153],"2021":[155],"benchmarks":[156],"demonstrate":[157],"achieves":[160],"state-of-the-art":[161],"performance":[163],"while":[164],"offering":[165],"interpretable":[166],"representations,":[168],"thereby":[169],"improving":[170],"both":[171],"accuracy":[172],"trust.":[175],"The":[176],"code":[177],"available":[179],"at":[180],"https://github.com/chenbn266/EProtoSeg":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2026-01-30T00:00:00"}