{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125952107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","title":"Sound and music in video games: A systematic review of player engagement and a meta-analysis of positively valenced player experience","display_name":"Sound and music in video games: A systematic review of player engagement and a meta-analysis of positively valenced player experience","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125952107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42945289","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13712732"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0361519&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS One","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0361519&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052373340","display_name":"Enja Heikkil\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6703-9931","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6703-9931"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94722563","display_name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","ror":"https://ror.org/05n3dz165","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Enja Heikkil\u00e4","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6703-9931","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010038217","display_name":"Andrew Danso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6461-7831","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6461-7831"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94722563","display_name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","ror":"https://ror.org/05n3dz165","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Danso","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6461-7831","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027957755","display_name":"Geoff Luck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4057-022X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4057-022X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94722563","display_name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","ror":"https://ror.org/05n3dz165","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoff Luck","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052373340"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"],"apc_list":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"apc_paid":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02908805,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"10","first_page":"e0361519","last_page":"e0361519"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.8773999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.8773999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.03970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13353","display_name":"Flow Experience in Various Fields","score":0.032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-audio","display_name":"game audio","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game-music","display_name":"video game music","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/player-engagement","display_name":"player engagement","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-responses","display_name":"emotional responses","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-valence","display_name":"emotional valence","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enjoyment","display_name":"enjoyment","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"flow","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immersion","display_name":"immersion","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivation","display_name":"motivation","score":0.7390000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7064999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168900304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171407","display_name":"Valence (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5245000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203718221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q491713","display_name":"Sound (geography)","level":2,"score":0.510200023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018412434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7889","display_name":"Video game","level":2,"score":0.47209998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199068039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574523","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.439300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.41670000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167310288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7564808","display_name":"Sound quality","level":2,"score":0.3928000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146902061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476590","display_name":"Music psychology","level":3,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020774634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113318","display_name":"Emotional valence","level":3,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.29409998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984870255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196451","display_name":"User engagement","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987788386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476590","display_name":"Music perception","level":3,"score":0.2549999952316284}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009146","descriptor_name":"Music","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013016","descriptor_name":"Sound","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018910","descriptor_name":"Video Games","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0361519&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS One","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.33767/osf.io/mxrgh_v3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33767/osf.io/mxrgh_v3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33767/osf.io/mxrgh_v3","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13712732","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13712732/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13712732/pdf/pone.0361519.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42945289","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42945289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:jyx.jyu.fi:123456789/114649","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202610288061","pdf_url":"https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstreams/d94aa2c8-af44-4ba3-a530-181f6dd744b0/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400563","display_name":"Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Digital Archive (University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94722563","host_organization_name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94722563"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"review article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:17b7d7343d744399b7786d7a37e28adf","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/17b7d7343d744399b7786d7a37e28adf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 21, Iss 10, p e0361519 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:181bc4c0-2271-4f1b-b010-121fb04ad327","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/mxrgh","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402499","display_name":"MediArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361519","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0361519&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS One","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4043000042438507,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1423563972","display_name":"Research to Business \u2014 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto (6958/31/2023)","funder_award_id":"6958/31/2023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328501","funder_display_name":"Business Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328501","display_name":"Business Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05bgf9v38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7125952107.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7125952107.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124275677","https://openalex.org/W896554963","https://openalex.org/W1192907728","https://openalex.org/W1486776460","https://openalex.org/W1986534377","https://openalex.org/W2003104369","https://openalex.org/W2003215225","https://openalex.org/W2010212321","https://openalex.org/W2032506622","https://openalex.org/W2051835606","https://openalex.org/W2076029586","https://openalex.org/W2078058017","https://openalex.org/W2079476777","https://openalex.org/W2088181307","https://openalex.org/W2091774134","https://openalex.org/W2096976340","https://openalex.org/W2097541468","https://openalex.org/W2104657845","https://openalex.org/W2107328434","https://openalex.org/W2112422747","https://openalex.org/W2134031328","https://openalex.org/W2136757566","https://openalex.org/W2139168999","https://openalex.org/W2144198023","https://openalex.org/W2150454725","https://openalex.org/W2155479778","https://openalex.org/W2166184469","https://openalex.org/W2170658644","https://openalex.org/W2171999578","https://openalex.org/W2787876196","https://openalex.org/W2803336399","https://openalex.org/W2888367766","https://openalex.org/W2898544055","https://openalex.org/W2901843047","https://openalex.org/W2955070661","https://openalex.org/W2980615522","https://openalex.org/W3008886302","https://openalex.org/W3019350884","https://openalex.org/W3039581459","https://openalex.org/W3096385835","https://openalex.org/W3111278950","https://openalex.org/W3155731554","https://openalex.org/W4221008989","https://openalex.org/W4244268211","https://openalex.org/W4246277771","https://openalex.org/W4251711635","https://openalex.org/W4313405549","https://openalex.org/W4315753059","https://openalex.org/W4367366257","https://openalex.org/W4378610370","https://openalex.org/W4383107011","https://openalex.org/W4385630252","https://openalex.org/W4386864863","https://openalex.org/W4387872871","https://openalex.org/W4390704189","https://openalex.org/W4400409159","https://openalex.org/W4401944933","https://openalex.org/W4402039224","https://openalex.org/W4403423280","https://openalex.org/W4404859860","https://openalex.org/W4405418644"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414680437","https://openalex.org/W2977147391","https://openalex.org/W7020737058","https://openalex.org/W4211102513","https://openalex.org/W4400527104","https://openalex.org/W2888367766","https://openalex.org/W7204032792","https://openalex.org/W4402795739","https://openalex.org/W2182644444","https://openalex.org/W3157055062"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Video":[0],"game":[1,50,152,194],"sound":[2,41,136,153,170],"and":[3,13,40,46,120,169,178,214,217],"music":[4,39,112,150,168],"have":[5],"previously":[6],"been":[7,31,211],"found":[8],"to":[9],"influence":[10,37],"player":[11],"engagement":[12,47,207],"affective":[14,44,198],"responses":[15,45],"during":[16,48],"gameplay.":[17],"However,":[18],"a":[19,53,139],"systematic":[20],"investigation":[21],"into":[22],"the":[23,36,67,76,116,146,165,182],"full":[24],"extent":[25],"of":[26,38,55,71,149,181,190,219],"these":[27],"effects":[28,137],"has":[29,208],"not":[30,209],"conducted.":[32],"This":[33],"review":[34],"examined":[35],"on":[42,206],"players'":[43,197],"video":[49],"play,":[51],"with":[52,82,174],"meta-analysis":[54],"positively":[56,84],"valenced":[57,85],"experience":[58,86,199],"(enjoyment,":[59],"fun":[60],"or":[61],"positive":[62],"affect).":[63],"Fourteen":[64],"studies":[65,184],"met":[66],"inclusion":[68],"criteria,":[69],"six":[70],"which":[72],"provided":[73],"data":[74],"for":[75,108],"meta-analysis.":[77],"Game":[78],"audio":[79,195],"was":[80,106,118,154],"associated":[81,173],"more":[83],"than":[87],"silence":[88],"(g":[89,122,142,156],"=":[90,104,123,130,143,157],"0.48,":[91],"95%":[92,98,125,160],"CI":[93,99,126,161],"[0.22,":[94],"0.74];":[95],"small-sample":[96],"adjusted":[97,159],"[0.14,":[100],"0.82]).":[101],"Heterogeneity":[102],"(I\u00b2":[103],"58%)":[105],"accounted":[107],"by":[109],"one":[110],"self-selected":[111],"condition;":[113],"without":[114],"it,":[115],"effect":[117,148,205],"smaller":[119],"homogeneous":[121],"0.34,":[124],"[0.18,":[127],"0.50];":[128],"I\u00b2":[129],"0%).":[131],"In":[132,164],"exploratory":[133],"subgroup":[134],"analyses,":[135],"showed":[138],"consistent":[140],"benefit":[141],"0.46),":[144],"whereas":[145],"added":[147],"over":[151],"uncertain":[155],"0.31,":[158],"[-0.07,":[162],"0.68]).":[163],"narrative":[166],"synthesis,":[167],"were":[171,185],"often":[172],"higher":[175],"immersion,":[176],"flow":[177],"motivation.":[179],"Thirteen":[180],"14":[183],"rated":[186],"at":[187],"low":[188],"risk":[189],"bias.":[191],"Evidence":[192],"that":[193],"improves":[196],"is":[200],"promising":[201],"but":[202],"preliminary;":[203],"its":[204],"yet":[210],"tested":[212],"quantitatively,":[213],"further":[215],"research":[216],"standardisation":[218],"methods":[220],"are":[221],"needed.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2026-01-29T00:00:00"}