{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125706604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2025.2593857","title":"Should Leave and Flexibility to Manage Reproductive Health be a Minimum Entitlement for Australian Employees Covered by the Fair Work Act? Complexities, Possibilities, and Unintended Consequences","display_name":"Should Leave and Flexibility to Manage Reproductive Health be a Minimum Entitlement for Australian Employees Covered by the Fair Work Act? Complexities, Possibilities, and Unintended Consequences","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125706604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2025.2593857"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/23293691.2025.2593857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2025.2593857","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2025.2593857","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194482","display_name":"Women s Reproductive Health","issn_l":"2329-3691","issn":["2329-3691","2329-3713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Women's Reproductive Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072807794","display_name":"Michelle O\u2019Shea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9629-5637","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9629-5637"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michelle O\u2019Shea","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business and NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9629-5637","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business and NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051582558","display_name":"Nicola Street","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Street","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business and Western Sydney University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business and Western Sydney University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044637929","display_name":"Danielle Howe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2986-8287","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2986-8287"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dani Howe","raw_affiliation_strings":["NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2986-8287","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014161444","display_name":"Hannah Adler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4226-582X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4226-582X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hannah Adler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Griffith University, Queensland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Griffith University, Queensland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072076846","display_name":"Amelia K. Mardon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3492-782X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3492-782X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amelia Mardon","raw_affiliation_strings":["NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046190677","display_name":"Sam Jeffrey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2707-331X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2707-331X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sam Jeffrey","raw_affiliation_strings":["NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2707-331X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004092883","display_name":"Mike Armour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7539-9851","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7539-9851"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mike Armour","raw_affiliation_strings":["NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7539-9851","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072807794"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.27,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96601018,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"955","last_page":"969"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10722","display_name":"Work-Family Balance Challenges","score":0.9413999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10722","display_name":"Work-Family Balance Challenges","score":0.9413999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14003","display_name":"Labor Law and Work Dynamics","score":0.027300000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13911","display_name":"Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies","score":0.018200000748038292,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fair-work-act","display_name":"Fair Work Act","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-health","display_name":"reproductive health","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-family-flexibility","display_name":"work-family flexibility","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/menstrual-leave","display_name":"menstrual leave","score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/menopause","display_name":"menopause","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endometriosis","display_name":"endometriosis","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polycystic-ovary-syndrome","display_name":"polycystic ovary syndrome","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-fertilization","display_name":"in vitro fertilization","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vasectomy","display_name":"vasectomy","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hysterectomy","display_name":"hysterectomy","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abortion","display_name":"abortion","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-policy","display_name":"employment policy","score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/australia","display_name":"Australia","score":0.3700000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94982200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380545","display_name":"Entitlement (fair division)","level":2,"score":0.8461999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6446999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.641700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6003999710083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776889888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135789","display_name":"Unintended consequences","level":2,"score":0.5138000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121752807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981388","display_name":"Reproductive health","level":3,"score":0.4846999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.36070001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.32179999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780620491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3817591","display_name":"Unintended pregnancy","level":5,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.27459999918937683}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/23293691.2025.2593857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2025.2593857","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2025.2593857","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194482","display_name":"Women s Reproductive Health","issn_l":"2329-3691","issn":["2329-3691","2329-3713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Women's Reproductive Health","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.75,"display_name":"Gender equality"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.6452000141143799,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4074000120162964,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978440763","https://openalex.org/W1999991321","https://openalex.org/W2040773612","https://openalex.org/W2047873637","https://openalex.org/W2096731204","https://openalex.org/W2115548308","https://openalex.org/W2141022540","https://openalex.org/W2151506630","https://openalex.org/W2158134092","https://openalex.org/W2169723837","https://openalex.org/W2570253002","https://openalex.org/W2617599857","https://openalex.org/W2639957703","https://openalex.org/W2801899610","https://openalex.org/W2905188932","https://openalex.org/W2939369779","https://openalex.org/W2954816350","https://openalex.org/W2955231371","https://openalex.org/W2964648910","https://openalex.org/W2965376690","https://openalex.org/W2979960321","https://openalex.org/W3015698581","https://openalex.org/W3043944795","https://openalex.org/W3044134290","https://openalex.org/W3084830040","https://openalex.org/W3115467055","https://openalex.org/W3120999592","https://openalex.org/W3133213334","https://openalex.org/W3208656422","https://openalex.org/W4280509501","https://openalex.org/W4283514794","https://openalex.org/W4294959492","https://openalex.org/W4309990473","https://openalex.org/W4312113253","https://openalex.org/W4313318073","https://openalex.org/W4367174184","https://openalex.org/W4388633572","https://openalex.org/W4390193283","https://openalex.org/W4391951657","https://openalex.org/W4396584515","https://openalex.org/W4401056765","https://openalex.org/W4402408821","https://openalex.org/W4403692536","https://openalex.org/W4405617728","https://openalex.org/W4409072249","https://openalex.org/W4410139507","https://openalex.org/W4410205660","https://openalex.org/W4411779232","https://openalex.org/W4414598945","https://openalex.org/W4414780974","https://openalex.org/W4414867179","https://openalex.org/W7124935253"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7202213021","https://openalex.org/W7172305322","https://openalex.org/W4396952530","https://openalex.org/W2002193720","https://openalex.org/W2912695685","https://openalex.org/W3120999592","https://openalex.org/W4409072249","https://openalex.org/W4410139507","https://openalex.org/W7204583152","https://openalex.org/W4416611682"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"case":[1],"for":[2,68],"paid":[3,27,137],"reproductive":[4,35,62,116,138],"health":[5,15,36,63,117,139],"leave":[6,16,57,140],"in":[7],"Australia":[8],"continues":[9],"to":[10,31,60,104,113],"garner":[11],"significant":[12],"momentum.":[13],"Reproductive":[14],"is":[17],"a":[18,65],"workplace":[19,95,147],"entitlement":[20,67],"providing":[21],"employees,":[22],"regardless":[23],"of":[24,93],"gender,":[25],"with":[26,79,108],"time":[28],"and":[29,54,58,87,101,111,118,126],"flexibility":[30,59],"treat":[32],"and/or":[33],"manage":[34,61,114],"needs":[37],"such":[38],"as":[39],"menstruation,":[40],"perimenopause,":[41],"menopause,":[42],"polycystic":[43],"ovarian":[44],"syndrome":[45],"(PCOS),":[46],"endometriosis,":[47],"in-vitro":[48],"fertilization":[49],"(IVF)":[50],"treatments,":[51],"vasectomy,":[52],"hysterectomy,":[53],"terminations.":[55],"\u2018Should":[56],"be":[64],"minimum":[66],"Australian":[69,106],"employees":[70,107],"covered":[71],"by":[72],"the":[73,91,109,123],"Fair":[74],"Work":[75],"Act?\u2019.":[76],"By":[77],"engaging":[78],"this":[80,94],"policy":[81,102,132],"concern,":[82],"we":[83,121],"critically":[84],"examine":[85],"intersecting":[86],"nuanced":[88],"perspectives":[89],"on":[90],"utility":[92],"entitlement.":[96],"We":[97],"outline":[98],"possible":[99],"legislative":[100],"pathways":[103],"provide":[105],"rights":[110],"agency":[112],"their":[115],"work.":[119],"Correspondingly,":[120],"interrogate":[122],"potential":[124],"unintended":[125],"latent":[127],"consequences":[128],"arising":[129],"from":[130],"these":[131],"reforms,":[133],"including":[134],"submissions":[135],"that":[136],"entitlements":[141],"(re)produce":[142],"rather":[143],"than":[144],"challenge":[145],"gendered":[146],"norms.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-01-27T00:00:00"}