{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125685751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","title":"Data and code from: Elephant habituation to drones as a behavioural observation tool","display_name":"Data and code from: Elephant habituation to drones as a behavioural observation tool","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125685751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051161","display_name":"DRYAD","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},"volume":null,"type":"dataset","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114634773","display_name":"Angus Carey-Douglas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7181-0109","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7181-0109"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18559436","display_name":"Save the Elephants","ror":"https://ror.org/019ae2j05","country_code":"KE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carey-Douglas, Angus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Save the Elephants"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Save the Elephants","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040667285","display_name":"Liam Jasperse\u2010Sjolander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-978X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-978X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18559436","display_name":"Save the Elephants","ror":"https://ror.org/019ae2j05","country_code":"KE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["KE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jasperse-Sjolander, Liam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Save the Elephants","University of Colorado Boulder"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-978X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Save the Elephants","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Boulder","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120668015","display_name":"Paul Kokiro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18559436","display_name":"Save the Elephants","ror":"https://ror.org/019ae2j05","country_code":"KE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kokiro, Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Save the Elephants"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Save the Elephants","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120385478","display_name":"Gideon Galimogle Ilterewa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3259-3257","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3259-3257"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18559436","display_name":"Save the Elephants","ror":"https://ror.org/019ae2j05","country_code":"KE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iterewa, Gideon Galimogle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Save the Elephants"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Save the Elephants","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012656332","display_name":"David S. Lolchuragi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18559436","display_name":"Save the Elephants","ror":"https://ror.org/019ae2j05","country_code":"KE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lolchuragi, David","raw_affiliation_strings":["Save the Elephants"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Save the Elephants","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120522409","display_name":"Jemima Elizabeth Scrase","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162608824","display_name":"University of Sussex","ror":"https://ror.org/00ayhx656","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18559436","display_name":"Save the Elephants","ror":"https://ror.org/019ae2j05","country_code":"KE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}],"countries":["GB","KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scrase, Jemima Elizabeth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Save the Elephants","University of Sussex"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Save the Elephants","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sussex","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078453792","display_name":"Frank Pope","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5140-4123","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5140-4123"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18559436","display_name":"Save the Elephants","ror":"https://ror.org/019ae2j05","country_code":"KE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pope, Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":["Save the Elephants"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Save the Elephants","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037729393","display_name":"Fritz W. Vollrath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3484-9005","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3484-9005"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18559436","display_name":"Save the Elephants","ror":"https://ror.org/019ae2j05","country_code":"KE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB","KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vollrath, Fritz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford","Save the Elephants"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Save the Elephants","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030339250","display_name":"Giacomo D\u2019Ammando","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0860-8064","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0860-8064"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18559436","display_name":"Save the Elephants","ror":"https://ror.org/019ae2j05","country_code":"KE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D'Ammando, Giacomo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Save the Elephants"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Save the Elephants","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18559436"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10659","display_name":"Marine animal studies overview","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-savannah-elephant","display_name":"African savannah elephant","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-elephant","display_name":"Loxodonta africana","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habituation","display_name":"habituation","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unmanned-aerial-vehicles","display_name":"unmanned aerial vehicles","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrotor","display_name":"quadrotor","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-observation","display_name":"behavioral observation","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-invasive-monitoring","display_name":"non-invasive monitoring","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeated-exposure","display_name":"repeated exposure","score":0.4189999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wildlife-disturbance","display_name":"wildlife disturbance","score":0.36500000953674316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.9627000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779199153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43965","display_name":"Quadcopter","level":2,"score":0.9077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50610925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136816","display_name":"Habituation","level":2,"score":0.7943000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29376679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241741","display_name":"Wildlife","level":2,"score":0.46709999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.4514000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35589998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.32010000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.3116999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176262533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4688034","display_name":"Aerial survey","level":2,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2581000030040741}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051161","display_name":"DRYAD","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.c866t1gjb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051161","display_name":"DRYAD","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416735721","https://openalex.org/W3196519668","https://openalex.org/W7165959610","https://openalex.org/W3172981086","https://openalex.org/W7161003322","https://openalex.org/W7084065718","https://openalex.org/W3191752005","https://openalex.org/W6968749793","https://openalex.org/W4385248927","https://openalex.org/W4402647534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unmanned":[0],"Aerial":[1],"Vehicles,":[2],"known":[3],"as":[4,11,25,27,111,113,157],"UAVs":[5],"or":[6],"drones,":[7,141],"are":[8,145,170],"increasingly":[9],"important":[10],"a":[12,94,108,158],"tool":[13],"in":[14,97,124],"wildlife":[15],"research":[16],"and":[17,65,91,172],"conservation.":[18],"However,":[19],"it":[20],"is":[21],"crucial":[22],"to":[23,34,46,72,77,140,147,161,175],"quantify":[24],"well":[26,112],"qualify":[28],"the":[29,38,73,98,105,115],"response":[30],"of":[31,40,53,83,88,100,107,117],"target":[32],"species":[33],"drones.":[35],"We":[36],"measured":[37],"reaction":[39],"African":[41],"savannah":[42],"elephants":[43,101,137],"(Loxodonta":[44],"africana)":[45],"an":[47],"off-the-shelf":[48],"quadcopter":[49],"drone":[50,74,176],"during":[51],"sequences":[52],"repeated":[54,131],"trials.":[55,132],"In":[56],"total,":[57],"we":[58],"conducted":[59],"35":[60],"trials":[61,84],"involving":[62],"14":[63],"distinct":[64],"individually":[66],"identified":[67],"elephant":[68,163],"groups,":[69],"exposing":[70],"them":[71],"on":[75],"up":[76],"four":[78],"separate":[79],"occasions.":[80],"Only":[81],"half":[82],"recorded":[85,171],"any":[86],"evidence":[87],"disturbed":[89,103],"behaviour,":[90,164],"there":[92],"was":[93],"consistent":[95],"reduction":[96],"proportion":[99],"appearing":[102],"over":[104,114],"course":[106,116],"single":[109],"exposure":[110],"successive":[118],"exposures.":[119],"Nonetheless,":[120],"some":[121],"small-scale":[122],"changes":[123],"activity":[125,168],"patterns":[126,169],"were":[127],"observed":[128],"even":[129],"after":[130],"Our":[133],"results":[134],"show":[135],"that":[136,152,166],"can":[138,154],"habituate":[139],"especially":[142],"when":[143],"they":[144],"flown":[146],"minimise":[148],"disturbance.":[149],"This":[150],"suggests":[151],"drones":[153],"be":[155],"used":[156],"non-invasive":[159],"technology":[160],"monitor":[162],"provided":[165],"baseline":[167],"quantified":[173],"prior":[174],"exposure.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-01-27T00:00:00"}
