{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125680930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-620","title":"Ecological change in the native Scottish pinewoods since 1971 \u2013 data from the Bunce 2018\u20132022 re-survey","display_name":"Ecological change in the native Scottish pinewoods since 1971 \u2013 data from the Bunce 2018\u20132022 re-survey","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125680930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-620"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/essd-2025-620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-620","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-620","pdf_url":"https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2025-620/essd-2025-620.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2210937","display_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","issn_l":"1866-3591","issn":["1866-3591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2025-620/essd-2025-620.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060329290","display_name":"Claire M. Wood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-2998","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-2998"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claire M. Wood","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (Wallingford, United Kingdom)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-2998","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (Wallingford, United Kingdom)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041452226","display_name":"Simon Mark Smart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2750-7832","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2750-7832"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon M. Smart","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster. LA1 4AP"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster. LA1 4AP","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067582653","display_name":"Fiona M. Seaton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2022-7451","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2022-7451"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fiona M. Seaton","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster. LA1 4AP"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2022-7451","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster. LA1 4AP","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024652002","display_name":"Andy McMullen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andy McMullen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Botan\u00e6co Ltd, 3 Vayne Cottages, Fern, Angus, DD9 6SB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Botan\u00e6co Ltd, 3 Vayne Cottages, Fern, Angus, DD9 6SB","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104275854","display_name":"Susan E. Ward","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan E. Ward","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sward Ecology Ltd, The Old Court House, Clark Street, Morecambe, Lancashire, United Kingdom, LA4 5HR"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sward Ecology Ltd, The Old Court House, Clark Street, Morecambe, Lancashire, United Kingdom, LA4 5HR","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076417962","display_name":"Karen Hornigold","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158649","display_name":"Woodland Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/05e9eyh13","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158649"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen Hornigold","raw_affiliation_strings":["Woodland Trust, Kempton Way, Grantham, Lincolnshire, NG31 6LL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Woodland Trust, Kempton Way, Grantham, Lincolnshire, NG31 6LL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123838231","display_name":"Chris Nichols","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5095-5599","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5095-5599"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158649","display_name":"Woodland Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/05e9eyh13","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158649"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Nichols","raw_affiliation_strings":["Woodland Trust, Kempton Way, Grantham, Lincolnshire, NG31 6LL"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5095-5599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Woodland Trust, Kempton Way, Grantham, Lincolnshire, NG31 6LL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052540014","display_name":"C. Benskin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8058-6886","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8058-6886"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clare McW. H. Benskin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10005","display_name":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","score":0.8842999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10005","display_name":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","score":0.8842999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12713","display_name":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","score":0.06270000338554382,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12618","display_name":"Botany and Plant Ecology Studies","score":0.03189999982714653,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pinus-sylvestris","display_name":"Pinus sylvestris","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecological-change","display_name":"ecological change","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-flora","display_name":"ground flora","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-regeneration","display_name":"tree regeneration","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deer-grazing","display_name":"deer grazing","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/native-vs-exotic-species","display_name":"native vs exotic species","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-impacts","display_name":"climate change impacts","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acidification-recovery","display_name":"acidification recovery","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-properties","display_name":"soil properties","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation-monitoring","display_name":"vegetation monitoring","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-decline","display_name":"habitat decline","score":0.4230000078678131}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778362435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q867393","display_name":"Amenity","level":2,"score":0.722100019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.7159000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.5774999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.545799970626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.4964999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.46209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176262533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4688034","display_name":"Aerial survey","level":2,"score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173651095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065449","display_name":"Introduced species","level":2,"score":0.3587000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.34470000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776677640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5186723","display_name":"Critical habitat","level":4,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24784978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864912","display_name":"Wildlife corridor","level":3,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64229544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552431","display_name":"Habitat destruction","level":3,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58941895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295865","display_name":"Ecosystem services","level":3,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777234453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2033092","display_name":"Flora (microbiology)","level":3,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5194/essd-2025-620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-620","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-620","pdf_url":"https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2025-620/essd-2025-620.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2210937","display_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","issn_l":"1866-3591","issn":["1866-3591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/essd-2025-620","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-620","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-620","pdf_url":"https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2025-620/essd-2025-620.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2210937","display_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","issn_l":"1866-3591","issn":["1866-3591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313323","display_name":"Woodland Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/05e9eyh13"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7125680930.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7125680930.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W211993444","https://openalex.org/W1959904636","https://openalex.org/W1968866614","https://openalex.org/W1973089332","https://openalex.org/W1973979513","https://openalex.org/W1998213568","https://openalex.org/W1999858816","https://openalex.org/W2010776918","https://openalex.org/W2011508007","https://openalex.org/W2020686974","https://openalex.org/W2055764437","https://openalex.org/W2061155176","https://openalex.org/W2090981804","https://openalex.org/W2096961851","https://openalex.org/W2132875409","https://openalex.org/W2136313830","https://openalex.org/W2140579025","https://openalex.org/W2297282139","https://openalex.org/W2315810867","https://openalex.org/W2326421638","https://openalex.org/W2566024962","https://openalex.org/W2618708155","https://openalex.org/W2791340014","https://openalex.org/W2792021171","https://openalex.org/W4309757103","https://openalex.org/W4386421872","https://openalex.org/W4411216509","https://openalex.org/W6913086369","https://openalex.org/W6950801516"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2297282139","https://openalex.org/W6950801516","https://openalex.org/W6894232102","https://openalex.org/W7008488583","https://openalex.org/W6983633889","https://openalex.org/W2126915349","https://openalex.org/W1711235786","https://openalex.org/W7096405584","https://openalex.org/W2095830769","https://openalex.org/W3017785802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract.":[0],"The":[1,188],"native":[2,170],"pinewoods":[3,109,146],"of":[4,31,70,87,163],"Scotland":[5],"are":[6,195],"acknowledged":[7],"to":[8,27,75,128],"be":[9,149],"an":[10,44,78],"important":[11],"ecological":[12,79],"resource,":[13],"both":[14],"for":[15,48],"their":[16],"biodiversity":[17],"value":[18],"and":[19,23,34,56,68,99,113,135,141,171,184,207],"as":[20,43],"a":[21,40,63,116,129,152],"cultural":[22],"amenity":[24],"resource.":[25],"Due":[26],"the":[28,32,53,66,71,76,88,108,120,139,145,161,167,192,200],"unique":[29],"nature":[30],"habitat":[33,121],"its":[35],"limited":[36],"range,":[37],"it":[38],"plays":[39],"critical":[41],"role":[42],"early":[45],"warning":[46],"system":[47],"broader":[49],"environmental":[50],"issues.":[51],"In":[52,73],"late":[54],"1960s":[55],"70s,":[57],"increased":[58,111],"concern":[59],"was":[60,82],"expressed":[61],"regarding":[62],"decline":[64],"in":[65,91,107,144,151,177,213],"status":[67],"management":[69],"pinewoods.":[72],"response":[74],"concerns,":[77],"monitoring":[80],"survey":[81,132,194],"initiated":[83],"by":[84],"R.G.H.":[85],"Bunce":[86],"Nature":[89],"Conservancy":[90],"1971,":[92],"recording":[93],"ground":[94,178],"flora,":[95],"tree":[96,206],"information,":[97],"soils":[98],"other":[100],"descriptive":[101],"attributes.":[102],"Since":[103],"that":[104,119],"time,":[105],"interest":[106],"has":[110],"further,":[112],"there":[114],"is":[115,122],"general":[117],"consensus":[118],"more":[123],"vulnerable":[124],"than":[125],"ever.":[126],"Thanks":[127],"recent":[130],"repeat":[131],"between":[133,169],"2018":[134],"2022,":[136],"questions":[137,157],"addressing":[138],"threats":[140],"changes":[142],"occurring":[143],"can":[147],"now":[148,196],"explored":[150],"statistically":[153],"robust":[154],"way.":[155],"These":[156],"include":[158],"issues":[159],"surrounding":[160],"impacts":[162],"deer":[164],"grazing,":[165],"regeneration,":[166],"balance":[168],"exotic":[172],"species,":[173],"local":[174],"disturbances,":[175],"trends":[176],"flora":[179],"species":[180],"occurrences,":[181],"climate":[182],"change":[183],"recovery":[185],"from":[186,191,210],"acidification.":[187],"new":[189],"data":[190,209],"2018\u201322":[193],"publicly":[197],"available":[198],"via":[199],"following":[201],"DOI:":[202],"https://doi.org/10.5285/5e268e86-4a4f-4112-bf2d-c3b0179c915c":[203],"\u2018Habitat,":[204],"vegetation,":[205],"soil":[208],"Native":[211],"Pinewoods":[212],"Scotland,":[214],"2018\u20132022\u2019.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-01-27T00:00:00"}