{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125591997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2025.2604526","title":"Perceiving Protest: How Publics View the Disruptiveness and Effectiveness of Protest","display_name":"Perceiving Protest: How Publics View the Disruptiveness and Effectiveness of Protest","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125591997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2025.2604526"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00380253.2025.2604526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2025.2604526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2025.2604526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66666449","display_name":"Sociological Quarterly","issn_l":"0038-0253","issn":["0038-0253","1533-8525"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Sociological Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/w59h3_v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066918633","display_name":"Austin Hoang-Nam Vo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6172-7666","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6172-7666"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Austin H. Vo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6172-7666","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037757409","display_name":"Katherine Furl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7736-6973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7736-6973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24571045","display_name":"University of North Dakota","ror":"https://ror.org/04a5szx83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katherine Furl","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Dakota"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7736-6973","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Dakota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045873857","display_name":"Todd Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7634-397X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7634-397X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Todd Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7634-397X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020302697","display_name":"Neal Caren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1704-5494","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1704-5494"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neal Caren","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1704-5494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066918633"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.9242,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98533159,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"2","first_page":"311","last_page":"338"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13982","display_name":"Social Movements and Cultural Identity","score":0.4765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13982","display_name":"Social Movements and Cultural Identity","score":0.4765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.24169999361038208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.19599999487400055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protest-tactics","display_name":"protest tactics","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-movement-tactics","display_name":"social movement tactics","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voter-preferences","display_name":"voter preferences","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legitimacy-of-protest","display_name":"legitimacy of protest","score":0.7870000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776663400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7258081","display_name":"Publics","level":3,"score":0.8323000073432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.45730000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4422000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00380253.2025.2604526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2025.2604526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2025.2604526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66666449","display_name":"Sociological Quarterly","issn_l":"0038-0253","issn":["0038-0253","1533-8525"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Sociological Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.31235/osf.io/w59h3_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/w59h3_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/w59h3_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:6893232d-1f5f-4aef-963f-5bdde5c4927a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/w59h3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401238","display_name":"SocArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31235/osf.io/w59h3_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/w59h3_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/w59h3_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7297000288963318,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":100,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124716443","https://openalex.org/W333167106","https://openalex.org/W1408991106","https://openalex.org/W1567129794","https://openalex.org/W1571779755","https://openalex.org/W1873057782","https://openalex.org/W1936420698","https://openalex.org/W1964864190","https://openalex.org/W1971654121","https://openalex.org/W1973710818","https://openalex.org/W1973801865","https://openalex.org/W1983880138","https://openalex.org/W1986423047","https://openalex.org/W1988345431","https://openalex.org/W2001040096","https://openalex.org/W2013351364","https://openalex.org/W2013784666","https://openalex.org/W2014393989","https://openalex.org/W2014394631","https://openalex.org/W2016595126","https://openalex.org/W2018208230","https://openalex.org/W2029059557","https://openalex.org/W2033638083","https://openalex.org/W2041724919","https://openalex.org/W2059701194","https://openalex.org/W2070283890","https://openalex.org/W2091814737","https://openalex.org/W2096790152","https://openalex.org/W2100863490","https://openalex.org/W2101643565","https://openalex.org/W2122614432","https://openalex.org/W2123382376","https://openalex.org/W2124611802","https://openalex.org/W2128191811","https://openalex.org/W2128740983","https://openalex.org/W2134176957","https://openalex.org/W2140255783","https://openalex.org/W2149206507","https://openalex.org/W2156939493","https://openalex.org/W2165181820","https://openalex.org/W2170298027","https://openalex.org/W2204155774","https://openalex.org/W2230657159","https://openalex.org/W2283730778","https://openalex.org/W2283946161","https://openalex.org/W2287270320","https://openalex.org/W2300904692","https://openalex.org/W2301926123","https://openalex.org/W2314445591","https://openalex.org/W2322273505","https://openalex.org/W2328186309","https://openalex.org/W2333142274","https://openalex.org/W2462964349","https://openalex.org/W2604086371","https://openalex.org/W2741473158","https://openalex.org/W2752422344","https://openalex.org/W2766251675","https://openalex.org/W2779898393","https://openalex.org/W2780422884","https://openalex.org/W2789982410","https://openalex.org/W2796100237","https://openalex.org/W2894799026","https://openalex.org/W2896438285","https://openalex.org/W2898674651","https://openalex.org/W2909168704","https://openalex.org/W2924982106","https://openalex.org/W2942863975","https://openalex.org/W2947771435","https://openalex.org/W2948567974","https://openalex.org/W2968080144","https://openalex.org/W3000520603","https://openalex.org/W3028336986","https://openalex.org/W3029639714","https://openalex.org/W3049686794","https://openalex.org/W3082093598","https://openalex.org/W3102411176","https://openalex.org/W3123354546","https://openalex.org/W3124466808","https://openalex.org/W3150108788","https://openalex.org/W3174298683","https://openalex.org/W3189998231","https://openalex.org/W3215163938","https://openalex.org/W4220971482","https://openalex.org/W4236667602","https://openalex.org/W4245898229","https://openalex.org/W4283012119","https://openalex.org/W4284889259","https://openalex.org/W4288040420","https://openalex.org/W4319786328","https://openalex.org/W4327734980","https://openalex.org/W4352978079","https://openalex.org/W4377192883","https://openalex.org/W4380786293","https://openalex.org/W4388836650","https://openalex.org/W4391910302","https://openalex.org/W4392560445","https://openalex.org/W4399576119","https://openalex.org/W4399929094","https://openalex.org/W4416077130","https://openalex.org/W6884927888"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388836650","https://openalex.org/W2314445591","https://openalex.org/W7140192674","https://openalex.org/W7111609095","https://openalex.org/W7126175110","https://openalex.org/W4388039108","https://openalex.org/W4391910302","https://openalex.org/W3067505370","https://openalex.org/W6962036693","https://openalex.org/W7139695081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"How":[0],"do":[1],"people":[2],"evaluate":[3],"social":[4,57,118],"movement":[5],"protest":[6,13,113,140],"tactics?":[7],"Theories":[8],"covering":[9],"public":[10,29],"perceptions":[11,55,83,135],"of":[12,84,109,122,136],"emphasize":[14],"that":[15,82,102,117],"activists":[16],"face":[17],"a":[18],"tactical":[19,39,97,110,146],"dilemma,":[20],"employing":[21],"disruptive":[22,139],"tactics":[23,47,159],"to":[24,132],"advance":[25],"goals":[26],"without":[27],"alienating":[28],"support.":[30],"Existing":[31],"quantitative":[32],"evidence":[33],"on":[34,112],"the":[35,107,130,149],"perceived":[36,162],"relationship":[37],"between":[38],"disruptiveness":[40,85],"and":[41,86,91,138,148,154],"effectiveness,":[42],"as":[43,45,163],"well":[44],"how":[46,134,158],"are":[48,88,141],"influenced":[49],"by":[50,145],"objective":[51],"properties":[52],"or":[53],"subjective":[54],"across":[56,74,95],"groups,":[58],"remains":[59],"limited.":[60],"We":[61,115],"address":[62],"this":[63],"gap":[64],"through":[65],"survey":[66],"experiment":[67],"data":[68],"measuring":[69],"U.S.":[70],"voters\u2019":[71],"paired-choice":[72],"preferences":[73],"66":[75],"tactics.":[76],"Using":[77],"Bradley-Terry":[78],"models,":[79],"we":[80],"show":[81,101],"effectiveness":[87,123],"nonlinearly":[89],"related,":[90],"their":[92],"misalignment":[93],"varies":[94],"different":[96],"dimensions.":[98],"Additionally,":[99],"results":[100],"perceivers'":[103],"sociodemographic":[104],"characteristics":[105,119],"moderate":[106],"effects":[108],"dimensions":[111,147],"perceptions.":[114],"find":[116],"pattern":[120],"views":[121],"but":[124],"not":[125],"disruptiveness.":[126],"Our":[127],"research":[128],"highlights":[129],"need":[131],"understand":[133],"effective":[137],"analytically":[142],"distinct,":[143],"shaped":[144],"diverse":[150],"publics":[151],"perceiving":[152],"them,":[153],"holds":[155],"implications":[156],"for":[157],"may":[160],"be":[161],"legitimate.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-01-25T00:00:00"}
