{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125582003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6124346","title":"Optimization of CO\u2082 Trapping and Storage Efficiency in CO\u2082-EOR Through Water-Alternating-Gas (WAG) Injection: A Compositional Modeling Study","display_name":"Optimization of CO\u2082 Trapping and Storage Efficiency in CO\u2082-EOR Through Water-Alternating-Gas (WAG) Injection: A Compositional Modeling Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125582003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6124346"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.6124346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6124346","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6124346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7125582003"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6124346","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052432022","display_name":"Saddam Mohammed Mohammed Nasser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8889-6443","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8889-6443"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33586908","display_name":"Pandit Deendayal Energy University","ror":"https://ror.org/02nsv5p42","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saddam Nasser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pandit Deendayal Energy University","Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhi Nagar, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pandit Deendayal Energy University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhi Nagar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082013284","display_name":"Vivek Ramalingam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3395-2115","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3395-2115"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33586908","display_name":"Pandit Deendayal Energy University","ror":"https://ror.org/02nsv5p42","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vivek Ramalingam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pandit Deendayal Energy University","Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhi Nagar, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pandit Deendayal Energy University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhi Nagar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115727751","display_name":"Husam Al-Ziyadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6076-2602","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6076-2602"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33586908","display_name":"Pandit Deendayal Energy University","ror":"https://ror.org/02nsv5p42","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Husam Al-Ziyadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pandit Deendayal Energy University","Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhi Nagar, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pandit Deendayal Energy University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhi Nagar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123725504","display_name":"Zakaria Al semha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zakaria Al semha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent  - affiliation not provided to SSRN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent  - affiliation not provided to SSRN","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082013284"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33586908"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11302","display_name":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11302","display_name":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10491","display_name":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","score":0.018300000578165054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11801","display_name":"Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-eor","display_name":"CO2-EOR","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-alternating-gas-injection","display_name":"water-alternating-gas injection","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-sequestration","display_name":"CO2 sequestration","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-trapping","display_name":"CO2 trapping","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual-trapping","display_name":"residual trapping","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineral-trapping","display_name":"mineral trapping","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-dissolution","display_name":"CO2 dissolution","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-permeability","display_name":"relative permeability","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-wetness","display_name":"water-wetness","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/storage-efficiency","display_name":"storage efficiency","score":0.41499999165534973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779681308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049254","display_name":"Enhanced oil recovery","level":2,"score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22884784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15305550","display_name":"Carbon sequestration","level":3,"score":0.6294000148773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.6025999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88380143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416674","display_name":"Dissolution","level":2,"score":0.5778999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113378726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310797","display_name":"Relative permeability","level":3,"score":0.5297999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776124570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16999820","display_name":"Residual oil","level":2,"score":0.5105999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.5066999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.49869999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530467964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.49079999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120882062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28352","display_name":"Permeability (electromagnetism)","level":3,"score":0.4871000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.45719999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777924906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34168","display_name":"Trapping","level":2,"score":0.4424000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778379663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5037942","display_name":"Carbon capture and storage (timeline)","level":3,"score":0.4406999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9930424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7426587","display_name":"Saturation (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.39750000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186594467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429176","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3133000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516920438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37129","display_name":"Methane","level":2,"score":0.3133000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113215200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1845437","display_name":"Petroleum reservoir","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778887201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3440812","display_name":"Caprock","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68189081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12748","display_name":"Fossil fuel","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123299182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190837","display_name":"Hysteresis","level":2,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58467406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5378799","display_name":"Enhanced coal bed methane recovery","level":4,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778668878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6380338","display_name":"Reservoir simulation","level":2,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57054060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59420558","display_name":"Injection well","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59427239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40858","display_name":"Natural gas","level":2,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.26600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548895740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656","display_name":"Petroleum","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81803558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981135","display_name":"Well stimulation","level":4,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.6124346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6124346","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6124346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.6124346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6124346","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6124346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.9786999821662903,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W310247653","https://openalex.org/W1974638823","https://openalex.org/W1996697036","https://openalex.org/W2026794368","https://openalex.org/W2026967280","https://openalex.org/W2028929133","https://openalex.org/W2031328613","https://openalex.org/W2034907091","https://openalex.org/W2058240529","https://openalex.org/W2059467585","https://openalex.org/W2129288307","https://openalex.org/W2131119808","https://openalex.org/W2158518676","https://openalex.org/W2800517378","https://openalex.org/W2984659082","https://openalex.org/W3127362247","https://openalex.org/W3188928846","https://openalex.org/W4224443414","https://openalex.org/W4307134683","https://openalex.org/W4383499683","https://openalex.org/W4401759048","https://openalex.org/W4409366623","https://openalex.org/W4411764242","https://openalex.org/W4412447351"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7213935768","https://openalex.org/W2884332071","https://openalex.org/W3037183982","https://openalex.org/W2922435698","https://openalex.org/W7167352298","https://openalex.org/W4407420208","https://openalex.org/W4383668056","https://openalex.org/W4412813897","https://openalex.org/W4292148739","https://openalex.org/W4388233268"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-01-25T00:00:00"}
