{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125375233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","title":"Promotion of Emergency Medical Services: A National Analysis of Clinician Willingness to Recommend the Profession","display_name":"Promotion of Emergency Medical Services: A National Analysis of Clinician Willingness to Recommend the Profession","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125375233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114473967","display_name":"Jacob C. Kamholz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3282-7630","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3282-7630"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob C. Kamholz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059217782","display_name":"Christopher B. Gage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5150-0740","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5150-0740"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher B. Gage","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105507495","display_name":"Shea L. van den Bergh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8831-4363","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8831-4363"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shea L. van den Bergh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040312944","display_name":"Kayla Riel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6287-5731","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6287-5731"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kayla M. Riel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005210802","display_name":"Jonathan R. Powell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-0247","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-0247"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan R. Powell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065740178","display_name":"Ashish R. Panchal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-982X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-982X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashish R. Panchal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03154597,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.24799999594688416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.24799999594688416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14354","display_name":"Emergency Medicine Education and Research","score":0.1996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11095","display_name":"Emergency and Acute Care Studies","score":0.1266999989748001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-medical-services","display_name":"emergency medical services","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ems-workforce","display_name":"EMS workforce","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-promotion","display_name":"professional promotion","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-promoter-score","display_name":"Net Promoter Score","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prehospital-care","display_name":"prehospital care","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burnout","display_name":"burnout","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-satisfaction","display_name":"job satisfaction","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ems-certification","display_name":"EMS certification","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinician-experience","display_name":"clinician experience","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workplace-characteristics","display_name":"workplace characteristics","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinician-retention","display_name":"clinician retention","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinician-recruitment","display_name":"clinician recruitment","score":0.7009999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.7282000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.6748999953269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6546000242233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.6212999820709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98147612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215599","display_name":"Promotion (chess)","level":3,"score":0.6171000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545288138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860447","display_name":"Emergency medical services","level":2,"score":0.5163000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.46959999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4562000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.4325999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.39320001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.3319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781385661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677918","display_name":"Acute care","level":3,"score":0.3314000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5242559","display_name":"Referral","level":2,"score":0.31139999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777495918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196129","display_name":"Spouse","level":2,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119060515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1916617","display_name":"Interquartile range","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26077564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1910318","display_name":"Turnover","level":2,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185618831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851928","display_name":"Health promotion","level":3,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.31126915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482},{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.48510000109672546}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4406268940","https://openalex.org/W1975420357","https://openalex.org/W2733536324","https://openalex.org/W4411245487","https://openalex.org/W4403847288","https://openalex.org/W4389483379","https://openalex.org/W1975761218","https://openalex.org/W3008059429","https://openalex.org/W7130562693","https://openalex.org/W2747366667"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emergency":[0],"medical":[1],"services":[2],"(EMS)":[3],"workforce":[4,333],"challenges":[5],"impact":[6,57],"prehospital":[7],"care":[8,200],"in":[9],"many":[10],"United":[11],"States":[12],"communities.":[13],"One":[14],"potential":[15],"strategy":[16],"to":[17,41,47,107,149,222,328],"address":[18],"this":[19],"challenge":[20],"is":[21,30],"clinicians":[22,38,53,72,174,287,311],"actively":[23],"promoting":[24,156,282,296,312],"the":[25,34,43,93,101,124,183,307,313],"EMS":[26,37,52,71,88,126,157,186,283,310],"profession.":[27,44,314],"However,":[28],"there":[29],"limited":[31],"data":[32],"regarding":[33,87,325],"likelihood":[35,59,102,154,308],"of":[36,60,67,103,155,239,272,281,295,309],"recommending":[39,104],"others":[40,108],"join":[42],"We":[45,62,129,171],"aimed":[46],"describe":[48],"professional":[49,89,329],"promotion":[50,90,330],"among":[51],"and":[54,79,120,139,166,211,255,300,317,331],"factors":[55,151],"that":[56],"their":[58,326],"recommending.":[61],"performed":[63,140],"a":[64,84,105,215],"cross-sectional":[65],"analysis":[66,176],"nationally":[68,184],"certified":[69,185],"civilian":[70],"(ages":[73],"18\u201385)":[74],"recertifying":[75],"between":[76,206],"October":[77],"2023":[78],"April":[80],"2024.":[81],"Applicants":[82],"completed":[83],"voluntary":[85],"survey":[86],"measured":[91],"by":[92,158],"Net":[94],"Promoter":[95],"Score\u00ae.":[96],"This":[97],"validated":[98],"tool":[99],"measures":[100],"field":[106],"(classified":[109],"as":[110,169],"promoters,":[111],"passives,":[112],"or":[113],"detractors).":[114],"Surveys":[115],"were":[116],"merged":[117],"with":[118,153,229,288,306],"demographic":[119],"workplace":[121,162,301],"characteristics":[122,302],"from":[123],"National":[125],"Certification":[127],"database.":[128],"calculated":[130],"descriptive":[131],"statistics":[132],"(n,":[133],"%;":[134],"median,":[135],"interquartile":[136],"range":[137],"[IQR])":[138],"multivariable":[141],"logistic":[142],"regression":[143],"(odds":[144],"ratio,":[145],"95%":[146],"confidence":[147],"interval)":[148],"identify":[150],"associated":[152,305],"clinicians,":[159],"including":[160],"demographics,":[161],"characteristics,":[163],"self-reported":[164],"burnout,":[165],"job":[167,290],"satisfaction":[168,291,316],"covariates.":[170],"included":[172],"33,335":[173],"for":[175,322],"(response":[177],"rate":[178],"=":[179,217],"28.8%);":[180],"respondents":[181],"reflected":[182],"population":[187],"(male":[188],"[74.2%],":[189],"non-Hispanic":[190],"White":[191],"[86.1%],":[192],"median":[193],"age":[194],"36":[195],"[IQR:":[196],"29,":[197],"49],":[198],"patient":[199],"[90.8%]).":[201],"Promotion":[202],"score":[203],"distribution":[204],"balanced":[205],"promoters":[207],"(33.8%),":[208],"passives":[209],"(33.1%),":[210,213],"detractors":[212],"yielding":[214],"NPS":[216],"0.7":[218],"(possible":[219],"range:":[220],"\u2212100":[221],"+100),":[223],"indicating":[224],"near-zero":[225],"net":[226],"promotion.":[227,240,273],"Compared":[228],"fire":[230],"agencies,":[231],"all":[232],"other":[233],"agency":[234],"types":[235],"exhibited":[236],"lower":[237,270,279],"odds":[238,271,280,294],"Higher":[241],"education":[242],"levels":[243],"(associate":[244],"[0.90,":[245],"0.82\u20130.98],":[246],"bachelor\u2019s":[247],"[0.80,":[248],"0.73\u20130.87];":[249],"[referent:":[250,267],"\u2264high":[251],"school/General":[252],"Educational":[253],"Development])":[254],"more":[256],"years":[257],"experience":[258],"(3\u20137":[259],"[0.86,":[260],"0.81\u20130.93],":[261],"8\u201315":[262],"[0.76,0.70\u20130.82],":[263],">15":[264],"[0.83,":[265],"0.75\u20130.91];":[266],"0\u20133])":[268],"had":[269,277,292],"Clinicians":[274],"reporting":[275],"burnout":[276,318],"significantly":[278,304],"(0.31,":[284],"0.29\u20130.33),":[285],"while":[286],"high":[289],"increased":[293],"(6.27,":[297],"5.08\u20137.74).":[298],"Demographic":[299],"are":[303],"Observed":[315],"associations":[319],"suggest":[320],"areas":[321],"further":[323],"investigation":[324],"relationship":[327],"broader":[332],"dynamics.":[334]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-01-23T00:00:00"}
