{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124952014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1","title":"Reproductive Biology and Genetic Parameters of Blue Pine: Insights into Germination, Growth and Breeding Potential","display_name":"Reproductive Biology and Genetic Parameters of Blue Pine: Insights into Germination, Growth and Breeding Potential","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124952014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-8583859/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-8583859/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080361596","display_name":"Midhat Bilal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-2054","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-2054"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I235110982","display_name":"Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3n6d60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I235110982"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"midhat bilal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235110982"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100906399","display_name":"ParvezAhmad Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I235110982","display_name":"Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3n6d60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I235110982"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parvez Ahmad Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235110982"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121197856","display_name":"A. Q. Mir","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I235110982","display_name":"Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3n6d60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I235110982"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashfaq Ahmad Mir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu Research"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235110982"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070876136","display_name":"Amir Bashir Wani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6954-9729","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6954-9729"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I235110982","display_name":"Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3n6d60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I235110982"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Bashir wani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235110982"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235110982"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11229","display_name":"Genetics and Plant Breeding","score":0.8310999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11229","display_name":"Genetics and Plant Breeding","score":0.8310999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.027899999171495438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11098","display_name":"Seed Germination and Physiology","score":0.027699999511241913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pinus-wallichiana","display_name":"Pinus wallichiana","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blue-pine","display_name":"blue pine","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-biology","display_name":"reproductive biology","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-germination","display_name":"seed germination","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-stratification","display_name":"cold stratification","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seedling-vigor","display_name":"seedling vigor","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-variation","display_name":"genetic variation","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heritability","display_name":"heritability","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genotype-selection","display_name":"genotype selection","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selective-breeding","display_name":"selective breeding","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/himalayan-pine","display_name":"Himalayan pine","score":0.6790000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8761000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385709","display_name":"Seedling","level":2,"score":0.8500999808311462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125296223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2653441","display_name":"Strobilus","level":2,"score":0.77920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161890455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503548","display_name":"Heritability","level":2,"score":0.6754000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100701293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193838","display_name":"Germination","level":2,"score":0.5555999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550479","display_name":"Genetic gain","level":4,"score":0.5465999841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.48030000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172777353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374271","display_name":"Genetic variability","level":4,"score":0.4717999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.4706000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777917310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3555852","display_name":"Seed orchard","level":2,"score":0.41839998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150668497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104870826","display_name":"Dry weight","level":2,"score":0.4059999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68873052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349856","display_name":"Genetic variation","level":3,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779409272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757789","display_name":"Japonica","level":2,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780618852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79932","display_name":"Pollen","level":2,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155015343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788558","display_name":"Plant breeding","level":2,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102790218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5462619","display_name":"Fluctuating asymmetry","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51417038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272737","display_name":"Phenology","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138592617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748695","display_name":"Genetic distance","level":4,"score":0.26260000467300415}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-8583859/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8583859/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-8583859/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6735000014305115}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7124952014.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7124952014.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979263493","https://openalex.org/W1990466816","https://openalex.org/W2016381774","https://openalex.org/W2049220978","https://openalex.org/W2081323661","https://openalex.org/W2090607828","https://openalex.org/W2129010551","https://openalex.org/W2132459972","https://openalex.org/W2807481004","https://openalex.org/W4250111881","https://openalex.org/W4398172779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W302251946","https://openalex.org/W1990466816","https://openalex.org/W7204298738","https://openalex.org/W4414210918","https://openalex.org/W7100646458","https://openalex.org/W2129010551","https://openalex.org/W2796054401","https://openalex.org/W7221260897","https://openalex.org/W2553881536","https://openalex.org/W4365450662"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Pinus":[2],"wallichiana":[3],"often":[4],"referred":[5],"to":[6,22,29,60,111],"as":[7,195],"Bhutan":[8],"pine,":[9,14],"Himalayan":[10,35],"pine":[11,20],"or":[12],"blue":[13],"A.B.":[15],"Jackson":[16],"is":[17,27],"a":[18],"five-needle":[19],"belonging":[21],"the":[23,30,70,131,149,179,186],"Pinaceae":[24],"family":[25],"that":[26,178],"indigenous":[28],"Hindu":[31],"Kush,":[32],"Karakoram":[33],"and":[34,39,45,93,114,120,152,169,192,212,220],"regions.":[36],"Results":[37],"Male":[38],"female":[40],"strobili":[41],"phenophases":[42],"lasted":[43],"10\u201311":[44],"77\u201378":[46],"weeks,":[47],"respectively.":[48],"Cones":[49],"were":[50,123],"collected":[51],"from":[52,67],"18":[53],"phenotypically":[54],"superior":[55,135,209],"trees":[56],"across":[57],"six":[58],"locations":[59],"assess":[61],"variability":[62,145],"in":[63],"morphological":[64,171],"traits.":[65,172],"Trees":[66],"Akhal":[68,132],"exhibited":[69],"highest":[71,150,163],"values":[72],"for":[73,154,164,217],"all":[74],"measured":[75],"traits,":[76,214],"including":[77],"tree":[78],"height":[79],"(28.9":[80],"m),":[81],"DBH":[82],"(47.7":[83],"cm),":[84,88],"cone":[85,89,165,190],"length":[86],"(22.44":[87],"weight":[90,95,157,191],"(123.42":[91],"g),":[92],"seed":[94,170,193],"(87.98":[96],"g).":[97],"Seeds":[98],"underwent":[99],"cold":[100],"stratification":[101],"at":[102,107,125],"25-day":[103],"intervals":[104],"(0\u2013125":[105],"days)":[106],"4":[108],"\u00b1":[109],"1\u00b0C":[110],"evaluate":[112],"germination":[113,118],"seedling":[115,121,213],"performance.":[116],"Maximum":[117],"(72.67%)":[119],"vigor":[122,140],"observed":[124],"100":[126],"days":[127],"of":[128,185],"stratification,":[129],"while":[130],"genotype":[133],"showed":[134],"overall":[136],"performance":[137],"(germination":[138],"86.77%,":[139],"index":[141],"1048.18).":[142],"High":[143],"genetic":[144,221],"was":[146,162],"observed,":[147],"with":[148,189,205],"GCV":[151],"PCV":[153],"dry":[155],"root":[156],"(51.40,":[158],"52.65":[159],"respectively).":[160],"Heritability":[161],"specific":[166],"gravity":[167],"(0.78)":[168],"Principal":[173],"component":[174],"analysis":[175,199],"(PCA)":[176],"revealed":[177],"first":[180],"two":[181],"components":[182],"explained":[183],"96.23%":[184],"total":[187],"variation,":[188],"thickness":[194],"major":[196],"contributors.":[197],"Cluster":[198,206],"grouped":[200],"genotypes":[201],"into":[202],"five":[203],"clusters,":[204],"I":[207],"exhibiting":[208],"cone,":[210],"seed,":[211],"indicating":[215],"potential":[216],"selective":[218],"breeding":[219],"improvement":[222],"programs.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-01-21T00:00:00"}
