{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124459587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000006155","title":"ACOG Clinical Consensus No. 11: Management of Positive Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Test Results in Nonpregnant Patients Without Gynecologic Malignancy","display_name":"ACOG Clinical Consensus No. 11: Management of Positive Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Test Results in Nonpregnant Patients Without Gynecologic Malignancy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124459587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000006155","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41538809"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000006155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000006155","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000006155","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139838620","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology","issn_l":"0029-7844","issn":["0029-7844","1873-233X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3916,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91340992,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"147","issue":"2","first_page":"e32","last_page":"e38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12587","display_name":"Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Studies","score":0.7896000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12587","display_name":"Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Studies","score":0.7896000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11314","display_name":"Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control","score":0.1688999980688095,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11069","display_name":"Testicular diseases and treatments","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-chorionic-gonadotropin","display_name":"human chorionic gonadotropin","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevated-hcg","display_name":"elevated hCG","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ectopic-pregnancy","display_name":"ectopic pregnancy","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pregnancy-test","display_name":"pregnancy testing","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-assessment","display_name":"diagnostic assessment","score":0.37299999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8727999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775948956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407172","display_name":"Human chorionic gonadotropin","level":3,"score":0.7576000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779399171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1483951","display_name":"Malignancy","level":2,"score":0.7078999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.6794999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.5982999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.5896999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.5293999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994380379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135142","display_name":"Pregnancy test","level":3,"score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.506600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4205999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778782382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409770","display_name":"Gonadotropin","level":3,"score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82157600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2671652","display_name":"Diagnostic test","level":2,"score":0.34060001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019806175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11974939","display_name":"Health professionals","level":3,"score":0.3122999966144562}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006063","descriptor_name":"Chorionic Gonadotropin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006063","descriptor_name":"Chorionic Gonadotropin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006063","descriptor_name":"Chorionic Gonadotropin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006063","descriptor_name":"Chorionic Gonadotropin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032921","descriptor_name":"Consensus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000006155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000006155","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000006155","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139838620","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology","issn_l":"0029-7844","issn":["0029-7844","1873-233X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41538809","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41538809","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Obstetrics and gynecology","raw_type":"Consensus Statement"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5342376828193665,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964004017","https://openalex.org/W2020367875","https://openalex.org/W2023229808","https://openalex.org/W2024459158","https://openalex.org/W2096400482","https://openalex.org/W2152105447","https://openalex.org/W2553421019","https://openalex.org/W3048166967","https://openalex.org/W3124624328","https://openalex.org/W3159043317","https://openalex.org/W3171787053","https://openalex.org/W3199807454","https://openalex.org/W3211219620","https://openalex.org/W4283785264","https://openalex.org/W4297200675"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"SUMMARY:":[0],"Positive":[1],"human":[2],"chorionic":[3],"gonadotropin":[4],"(hCG)":[5],"test":[6,65,75],"results":[7,35,66,76],"have":[8,40],"been":[9,41],"associated":[10],"with":[11,46],"unnecessary":[12],"workup":[13],"and":[14,19,38,89,98],"treatment,":[15],"including":[16],"invasive":[17,48],"procedures":[18],"chemotherapy.":[20],"It":[21],"is":[22,108],"important":[23],"for":[24,32,85],"health":[25,60],"care":[26,61],"professionals":[27,62],"to":[28,51,68,83,93,99,110],"consider":[29],"alternative":[30],"explanations":[31],"positive":[33],"hCG":[34,74,107,117],"when":[36],"pregnancy":[37,86],"malignancy":[39],"excluded,":[42],"particularly":[43],"before":[44],"proceeding":[45],"more":[47],"interventions.":[49],"Due":[50],"the":[52,79,101],"multiple":[53],"potential":[54],"etiologies":[55,97],"of":[56,104,115],"persistently":[57,105],"elevated":[58,106,116],"hCG,":[59],"should":[63],"evaluate":[64,84],"according":[67],"a":[69],"systematic":[70],"framework.":[71],"When":[72],"serum":[73],"are":[77,82],"elevated,":[78],"first":[80],"steps":[81],"(both":[87],"intrauterine":[88],"ectopic).":[90],"Appropriate":[91],"retesting":[92],"rule":[94],"out":[95],"various":[96],"identify":[100],"main":[102],"cause":[103],"necessary":[109],"avoid":[111],"misdiagnosis":[112],"or":[113],"mismanagement":[114],"levels.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-25T07:29:55.448023","created_date":"2026-01-17T00:00:00"}
