{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124448293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","title":"Effect of welding current modes and post weld heat treatment on microstructure, tensile properties and fracture behavior of gas tungsten arc welded AlCoCrFeNi2.1 EHEA sheets for advanced gas turbine applications","display_name":"Effect of welding current modes and post weld heat treatment on microstructure, tensile properties and fracture behavior of gas tungsten arc welded AlCoCrFeNi2.1 EHEA sheets for advanced gas turbine applications","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124448293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736621015","display_name":"Defence Technology","issn_l":"2214-9147","issn":["2214-9147","2096-3459"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Defence Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077934204","display_name":"Tushar Sonar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-5337","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-5337"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107640659","display_name":"South Ural State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfk2504","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tushar Sonar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Sustainable Materials and Surface Metamorphosis, Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai, 600069, India","Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-5337","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Sustainable Materials and Surface Metamorphosis, Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai, 600069, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123204495","display_name":"Mikhail Ivanov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107640659","display_name":"South Ural State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfk2504","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikhail Ivanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157679572","display_name":"Igor Shcherbakov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4499-5381","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4499-5381"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107640659","display_name":"South Ural State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfk2504","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Shcherbakov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040304509","display_name":"Nataliya Aleksandrovna Shaburova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-8293","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-8293"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107640659","display_name":"South Ural State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfk2504","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalia Shaburova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046872269","display_name":"Artem Vladimirovich Okulov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2955-1370","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2955-1370"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130823665","display_name":"Ural Federal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hs7dr46","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130823665"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102261","display_name":"M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/01azrym08","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210096333","https://openalex.org/I4210102261","https://openalex.org/I4210119369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119369","display_name":"Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02s4h3z39","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210119369"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Artem Okulov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russia","Laser and Plasma Laboratory, M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620108, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2955-1370","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130823665"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laser and Plasma Laboratory, M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620108, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102261","https://openalex.org/I4210119369"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070772415","display_name":"Evgeny Alekseevich Trofimov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8073-3244","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8073-3244"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107640659","display_name":"South Ural State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfk2504","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evgeny Trofimov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005589392","display_name":"A.K. Tingaev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7838-492X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7838-492X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107640659","display_name":"South Ural State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfk2504","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksander Tingaev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7838-492X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Welding Equipment and Technology, South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077934204"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107640659"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2996,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95619232,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"133","last_page":"163"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.5023999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.5023999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11143","display_name":"High Entropy Alloys Studies","score":0.3379000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10723","display_name":"Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis","score":0.07649999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulsed-gas-tungsten-arc-welding","display_name":"pulsed gas tungsten arc welding","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-weld-heat-treatment","display_name":"post-weld heat treatment","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solution-treatment","display_name":"solution treatment","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-aging","display_name":"artificial aging","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion-zone-microstructure","display_name":"fusion zone microstructure","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-affected-zone-softening","display_name":"heat-affected zone softening","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/b2-phase-precipitation","display_name":"B2 phase precipitation","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-properties","display_name":"tensile properties","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fracture-behavior","display_name":"fracture behavior","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weld-bead-size","display_name":"weld bead size","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/welding-heat-input","display_name":"welding heat input","score":0.5270000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.853600025177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3450827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1627310","display_name":"Gas tungsten arc welding","level":4,"score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19474535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131172","display_name":"Welding","level":2,"score":0.7616999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.6474000215530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.5952000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146868986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2137729","display_name":"Heat-affected zone","level":3,"score":0.542900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.4968999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165720898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3150000","display_name":"Indentation hardness","level":3,"score":0.4966999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4871000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50916996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1765723","display_name":"Gas metal arc welding","level":4,"score":0.4366999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542268612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743","display_name":"Tungsten","level":2,"score":0.3968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20480867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422937","display_name":"Arc welding","level":3,"score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182508753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115605","display_name":"Tensile testing","level":3,"score":0.34150001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45780264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866682","display_name":"Fractography","level":3,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167773975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1992360","display_name":"Shielded metal arc welding","level":5,"score":0.32589998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177250429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q491699","display_name":"Shielding gas","level":4,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37756","display_name":"Alloy","level":2,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18168003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628595","display_name":"Eutectic system","level":3,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89344249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937468","display_name":"Laser beam welding","level":3,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44273521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q968702","display_name":"Electric resistance welding","level":3,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149912024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q462188","display_name":"Creep","level":2,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120114934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10329122","display_name":"Filler metal","level":4,"score":0.2581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169312260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1585171","display_name":"Fusion welding","level":3,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736621015","display_name":"Defence Technology","issn_l":"2214-9147","issn":["2214-9147","2096-3459"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Defence Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c166e20ae3d44539a15edfdd541d5873","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c166e20ae3d44539a15edfdd541d5873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Defence Technology, Vol 62, Iss , Pp 133-163 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2026.01.004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736621015","display_name":"Defence Technology","issn_l":"2214-9147","issn":["2214-9147","2096-3459"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Defence Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8875472866","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"24-29-20141","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","funder_display_name":"Russian Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","display_name":"Russian Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03y2gwe85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970065157","https://openalex.org/W2003975937","https://openalex.org/W2005954966","https://openalex.org/W2036745117","https://openalex.org/W2039061417","https://openalex.org/W2058085399","https://openalex.org/W2103109670","https://openalex.org/W2110862556","https://openalex.org/W2175986458","https://openalex.org/W2201563651","https://openalex.org/W2492512619","https://openalex.org/W2512171886","https://openalex.org/W2534691303","https://openalex.org/W2737601103","https://openalex.org/W2737996125","https://openalex.org/W2791140851","https://openalex.org/W2911896687","https://openalex.org/W2920899037","https://openalex.org/W2974243881","https://openalex.org/W2999152874","https://openalex.org/W3004837357","https://openalex.org/W3037442454","https://openalex.org/W3046051321","https://openalex.org/W3092126492","https://openalex.org/W3120273039","https://openalex.org/W3135174776","https://openalex.org/W3146804151","https://openalex.org/W3156761826","https://openalex.org/W3167289088","https://openalex.org/W3176242578","https://openalex.org/W3204783545","https://openalex.org/W3211186291","https://openalex.org/W3216447355","https://openalex.org/W4285808664","https://openalex.org/W4296335772","https://openalex.org/W4298007566","https://openalex.org/W4315643576","https://openalex.org/W4321377410","https://openalex.org/W4367608271","https://openalex.org/W4381951759","https://openalex.org/W4385484532","https://openalex.org/W4385566901","https://openalex.org/W4387108213","https://openalex.org/W4401364008","https://openalex.org/W4402970436","https://openalex.org/W4403482194","https://openalex.org/W4404212692","https://openalex.org/W4407868019","https://openalex.org/W4409978666","https://openalex.org/W4410278341","https://openalex.org/W4413003032","https://openalex.org/W4414442029","https://openalex.org/W4415015292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220760414","https://openalex.org/W4388750452","https://openalex.org/W7018472435","https://openalex.org/W4384666805","https://openalex.org/W4403482194","https://openalex.org/W4296335772","https://openalex.org/W4404012616","https://openalex.org/W2618450218","https://openalex.org/W4284958796","https://openalex.org/W4408983040"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,102,138,176,197,216,332,449],"AlCoCrFeNi":[1,134,460],"2.1":[2,135,461],"eutectic":[3],"high":[4,12,52,93],"entropy":[5],"alloy":[6],"(EHEA)":[7],"offers":[8,454],"greater":[9],"potential":[10],"for":[11,160,171,342,355,458],"temperature":[13],"applications":[14],"in":[15,83,117,192,219,265,273,312,366,372,415,432],"advanced":[16,356,463],"gas":[17,44,357,464],"turbine":[18,358,465],"engines":[19],"due":[20,260],"to":[21,75,109,257,261,290,307,329,400,412,438],"its":[22],"dual":[23],"phase":[24],"FCC+BCC":[25],"microstructure,":[26,127,370],"superior":[27,246,389],"mechanical":[28,177,345,444],"properties,":[29,129,248,391],"excellent":[30],"creep":[31],"strength":[32,280,314,317],"and":[33,69,120,130,149,165,181,189,194,203,211,229,252,269,281,286,324,340,395,421],"corrosion":[34],"resistance.":[35],"However,":[36,300],"welding":[37,47,97,114,459],"thin":[38],"EHEA":[39,136,143,348,462],"sheets":[40,144],"using":[41,147,186,209,226,234,338],"conventional":[42],"constant-current":[43],"tungsten":[45],"arc":[46],"(CC-GTAW)":[48],"process":[49,90,119,451],"presents":[50],"significant":[51,262,310,416],"heat":[53,122],"input":[54],"related":[55],"issues":[56],"including":[57],"porosity,":[58],"excessive":[59],"weld":[60],"bead":[61],"size,":[62],"coarser":[63],"dendritic":[64,263],"fusion":[65],"zone":[66,71,206],"(FZ)":[67],"microstructure":[68,268],"heat-affected":[70],"(HAZ)":[72],"softening,":[73],"leading":[74],"inferior":[76],"tensile":[77,128,188,247,279,313,390,433],"properties.":[78],"To":[79],"address":[80],"these":[81],"issues,":[82],"this":[84,106],"study,":[85],"the":[86,111,126,200,220,266,274,278,291,335,344],"pulsed-current":[87],"GTAW":[88,118],"(PC-GTAW)":[89],"characterized":[91],"by":[92,153],"frequency":[94],"(300":[95],"Hz)":[96],"current":[98,115],"pulsation":[99,365],"was":[100,184,232],"employed.":[101],"main":[103],"objective":[104],"of":[105,113,133,179,199,222,283,293,337,347,419],"study":[107],"is":[108],"investigate":[110],"effect":[112],"modes":[116],"post-weld":[121],"treatment":[123],"(PWHT)":[124],"on":[125],"fracture":[131],"behavior":[132],"sheets.":[137],"1.5":[139],"mm":[140],"thick":[141],"as-cast":[142],"were":[145,207,224],"welded":[146],"CC-GTAW":[148,180,258,285,330,401],"PC-GTAW":[150,182,243,287,301,339,367,386,407,427,450],"processes,":[151],"followed":[152],"PWHT":[154,195,276,341,405,453],"involving":[155],"solutionizing":[156],"at":[157,168],"1000":[158],"\u00b0C":[159,170],"2":[161],"hours":[162,173],"(water":[163],"quenched)":[164],"artificial":[166],"aging":[167],"800":[169],"8":[172],"(air":[174],"cooled).":[175],"performance":[178],"welds":[183,223,244,302,387,408,428],"evaluated":[185],"transverse":[187],"microhardness":[190],"tests":[191],"as-welded":[193],"conditions.":[196],"microstructures":[198],"FZ,":[201],"HAZ,":[202],"base":[204],"metal":[205],"examined":[208],"optical":[210],"scanning":[212],"electron":[213],"microscopy":[214],"(SEM).":[215],"phases":[217],"evolved":[218],"FZ":[221,250,267,321,369,393,420],"identified":[225],"X-ray":[227],"diffraction,":[228],"elemental":[230],"analysis":[231],"performed":[233],"SEM":[235],"energy":[236],"dispersive":[237],"spectroscopy":[238],"(EDS).":[239],"Results":[240],"showed":[241],"that":[242],"exhibited":[245],"improved":[249,392],"hardness,":[251,394],"minimized":[253,396],"HAZ":[254,325,397,437],"softening":[255,398],"compared":[256,328,399],"welds,":[259,288,349],"refinement":[264],"limited":[270],"grain":[271],"growth":[272],"HAZ.":[275,422],"enhanced":[277,443],"hardness":[282,322,326],"both":[284],"owing":[289],"precipitation":[292,417],"finer":[294],"needle-shaped":[295],"secondary":[296],"B2":[297,379],"BCC":[298,380],"phases.":[299,381],"demonstrated":[303],"a":[304,352,430,455],"better":[305,410],"response":[306,411],"PWHT,":[308,413,441],"with":[309,376,452],"improvements":[311],"(7.41%),":[315],"yield":[316],"(9.74%),":[318],"ductility":[319],"(55.45%),":[320],"(7.60%),":[323],"(10.09%)":[327],"welds.":[331,402],"findings":[333],"highlight":[334],"benefits":[336],"enhancing":[343],"properties":[346],"making":[350],"it":[351],"promising":[353,456],"technique":[354],"engine":[359,466],"applications.":[360,467],"\u2022":[361,382,403,423,446],"Microstructural":[362],"refinement:":[363],"High-frequency":[364],"refines":[368],"resulting":[371,414],"equiaxed":[373],"FCC":[374],"dendrites":[375],"thinner":[377],"interdendritic":[378],"Superior":[383],"joint":[384],"performance:":[385],"exhibit":[388],"Enhanced":[404],"response:":[406],"show":[409,429],"hardening":[418],"Improved":[424],"failure":[425,434],"behavior:":[426],"shift":[431],"location":[435],"from":[436],"BMZ":[439],"after":[440],"indicating":[442],"behavior.":[445],"Potential":[447],"application:":[448],"approach":[457]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-01-17T00:00:00"}
