{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124273576","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","title":"Latent profiling of five-dimensional psychological resilience across generations: a deep clustering and behavioural divergence analysis in pre-conflict Iran","display_name":"Latent profiling of five-dimensional psychological resilience across generations: a deep clustering and behavioural divergence analysis in pre-conflict Iran","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124273576","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41625614"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92766711","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","issn_l":"1664-0640","issn":["1664-0640"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123121422","display_name":"Taghi Shakouri Youvalari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-0772","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-0772"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","display_name":"Istanbul University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a5qrr21","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taghi Shakouri Youvalari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Informatics, Istanbul University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Informatics, Istanbul University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010376719","display_name":"\u0130nci Zaim G\u00f6kbay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-1642","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-1642"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","display_name":"Istanbul University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a5qrr21","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Inci Zaim G\u00f6kbay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering, Faculty of Computer and Information Technologies, Istanbul University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering, Faculty of Computer and Information Technologies, Istanbul University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010376719"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":8.1816,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92721151,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"1669687","last_page":"1669687"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11761","display_name":"Resilience and Mental Health","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11761","display_name":"Resilience and Mental Health","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12485","display_name":"Optimism, Hope, and Well-being","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10475","display_name":"Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-resilience","display_name":"psychological resilience","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidimensional-resilience","display_name":"multidimensional resilience","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generational-differences","display_name":"generational differences","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-autoencoder","display_name":"deep autoencoder","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-mixture-model","display_name":"Gaussian mixture model","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-regulation","display_name":"emotion regulation","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-flexibility","display_name":"cognitive flexibility","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-context","display_name":"cultural context","score":0.5759999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6312000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91682802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620538","display_name":"Multidimensional scaling","level":2,"score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5013999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.451200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73282008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759895","display_name":"Coping (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4223000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.41670000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70727504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806878","display_name":"Latent class model","level":2,"score":0.4052000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.38989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777727901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3099410","display_name":"Schizotypy","level":3,"score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37381756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20203288","display_name":"Representativeness heuristic","level":2,"score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.3644999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51167844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4422623","display_name":"Latent variable","level":2,"score":0.3555999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.31139999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65965080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806885","display_name":"Latent variable model","level":3,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778087770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297111","display_name":"Social support","level":2,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780554381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063340","display_name":"Sensemaking","level":2,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125370674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527480","display_name":"Stressor","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92766711","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","issn_l":"1664-0640","issn":["1664-0640"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41625614","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41625614","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11657998","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12852353","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0e8f46026e4944e4980bdca45a2f3f3f","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0e8f46026e4944e4980bdca45a2f3f3f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol 16 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12852353","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12852353/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Psychiatry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1669687/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92766711","display_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","issn_l":"1664-0640","issn":["1664-0640"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8371999859809875}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.40549325942993164}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7124273576.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7124273576.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W148759486","https://openalex.org/W1862111074","https://openalex.org/W1969977883","https://openalex.org/W1985334364","https://openalex.org/W2000653311","https://openalex.org/W2003220763","https://openalex.org/W2024627557","https://openalex.org/W2025768430","https://openalex.org/W2030863659","https://openalex.org/W2033002423","https://openalex.org/W2052241245","https://openalex.org/W2055461003","https://openalex.org/W2066234754","https://openalex.org/W2075501719","https://openalex.org/W2081059976","https://openalex.org/W2101403104","https://openalex.org/W2108593116","https://openalex.org/W2114966780","https://openalex.org/W2118185372","https://openalex.org/W2118919126","https://openalex.org/W2123780659","https://openalex.org/W2131946459","https://openalex.org/W2140754550","https://openalex.org/W2155648052","https://openalex.org/W2163215199","https://openalex.org/W2166410529","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2799628042","https://openalex.org/W2962862931","https://openalex.org/W3013836102","https://openalex.org/W3167020913","https://openalex.org/W3173967825","https://openalex.org/W3211812545","https://openalex.org/W3215425952","https://openalex.org/W4206443588","https://openalex.org/W4248161867","https://openalex.org/W4249263609","https://openalex.org/W4249746737","https://openalex.org/W4295705233","https://openalex.org/W4298102205","https://openalex.org/W4379741401","https://openalex.org/W4388064096","https://openalex.org/W4399986270","https://openalex.org/W4401910805","https://openalex.org/W4410780342","https://openalex.org/W4412450058"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Psychological":[0],"resilience":[1,58,107,145,171],"is":[2,133,146],"increasingly":[3],"conceptualized":[4],"as":[5],"a":[6,41,48,119],"multidimensional":[7,168],"construct":[8],"encompassing":[9],"identity,":[10],"emotional,":[11],"cognitive,":[12],"behavioural,":[13],"and":[14,75,82,84,87,100,111,121,131,140],"social":[15,151],"domains.":[16],"Using":[17],"data":[18],"from":[19],"620":[20],"Iranian":[21],"adults":[22],"(aged":[23],"18-64":[24],"years;":[25],"52%":[26],"female),":[27],"collected":[28],"through":[29],"an":[30],"online":[31,136],"self-report":[32,122],"survey,":[33],"this":[34],"study":[35,157],"applied":[36],"unsupervised":[37],"machine-learning":[38],"techniques":[39],"combining":[40],"deep":[42],"autoencoder":[43],"for":[44,53],"dimensionality":[45],"reduction":[46],"with":[47],"Gaussian":[49],"Mixture":[50],"Model":[51],"(GMM)":[52],"latent":[54,93,163],"clustering-to":[55],"examine":[56],"psychological":[57,65],"profiles":[59],"in":[60],"pre-conflict":[61],"Iran.":[62],"Thirty-seven":[63],"standardized":[64],"subscales":[66],"were":[67],"aggregated":[68],"into":[69],"five":[70],"theoretically":[71],"grounded":[72],"dimensions:":[73],"Self-Identity":[74],"Meaning,":[76],"Emotional":[77],"Regulation,":[78],"Cognitive":[79],"Flexibility,":[80],"Coping":[81],"Growth,":[83],"Social":[85],"Support":[86],"Connectedness.":[88],"Unsupervised":[89],"analysis":[90],"identified":[91],"four":[92],"archetypes-Fragile":[94],"Striver,":[95],"Reactive":[96],"Idealist,":[97],"Hidden":[98],"Reactor,":[99],"Stable":[101],"Withdrawer-that":[102],"reflected":[103],"nonlinear":[104],"configurations":[105],"of":[106,161,170],"capacities":[108],"across":[109],"generational":[110],"gender":[112],"groups.":[113],"However,":[114],"because":[115],"the":[116,156,159,167],"research":[117],"employed":[118],"cross-sectional":[120],"design,":[123],"findings":[124],"illustrate":[125],"associative":[126],"rather":[127],"than":[128],"causal":[129],"relationships,":[130],"representativeness":[132],"limited":[134],"to":[135,165],"participants.":[137],"These":[138],"contextual":[139],"demographic":[141],"influences":[142],"suggest":[143],"that":[144],"embedded":[147],"within":[148,172],"Iran's":[149],"evolving":[150],"environment.":[152],"Despite":[153],"these":[154],"limitations,":[155],"demonstrates":[158],"potential":[160],"AI-based":[162],"profiling":[164],"clarify":[166],"nature":[169],"culturally":[173],"demanding":[174],"contexts.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-01-16T00:00:00"}