{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124183142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1365-8.ch007","title":"Effects of Saffron's (Crocus sativus) Bioactive Compounds on Parkinson's Disease","display_name":"Effects of Saffron's (Crocus sativus) Bioactive Compounds on Parkinson's Disease","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124183142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1365-8.ch007"},"language":"ng","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-1365-8.ch007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1365-8.ch007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1365-8.ch007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463409","display_name":"IGI Global eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanoparticles Agents and Secondary Metabolites in Neurodegenerative Diseases","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124143168","display_name":"Nanoparticles Agents and Secondary Metabolites in Neurodegenerative Diseases"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024542917","display_name":"Hanane Moummou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276102","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Priv\u00e9e de Marrakech","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0tn392","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276102"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanane Moummou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Private University of Marrakesh, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Private University of Marrakesh, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057031572","display_name":"Hanane Ait Hammou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4806-494X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4806-494X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125507","display_name":"Chouaib Doukkali University","ror":"https://ror.org/036kgyt43","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanane Ait Hammou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health, Ministry of Health, Morocco & Chouaib Doukkali University, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health, Ministry of Health, Morocco & Chouaib Doukkali University, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072936809","display_name":"Omar El Hiba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0581-4164","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0581-4164"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125507","display_name":"Chouaib Doukkali University","ror":"https://ror.org/036kgyt43","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar El Hiba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chouaib Doukkali University, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chouaib Doukkali University, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123039136","display_name":"Ilyass Britel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276102","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Priv\u00e9e de Marrakech","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0tn392","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276102"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilyass Britel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Private University of Marrakesh, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Private University of Marrakesh, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109742373","display_name":"Oumnia Akhallaayoune","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119856527","display_name":"Cadi Ayyad University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6nm78","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oumnia Akhallaayoune","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118723475","display_name":"Mounia Akhallaa Youne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7299-2067","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7299-2067"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119856527","display_name":"Cadi Ayyad University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6nm78","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mounia Akhallaa Youne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086731732","display_name":"Mounia Achoch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276102","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Priv\u00e9e de Marrakech","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0tn392","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276102"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mounia Achoch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Private University of Marrakesh, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Private University of Marrakesh, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086953286","display_name":"Es\u2010Said Sabir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2246-5645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2246-5645"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276102","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Priv\u00e9e de Marrakech","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0tn392","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276102"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Es-said Sabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Private University of Marrakesh, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2246-5645","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Private University of Marrakesh, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115755875","display_name":"Iman Meftah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119856","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Sultan Moulay Slimane","ror":"https://ror.org/02m8tb249","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119856"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iman Meftah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sultan Moulay Sliman University, Beni Mellal, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sultan Moulay Sliman University, Beni Mellal, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121495199","display_name":"Jamal El Karroumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8574-2426","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8574-2426"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276102","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Priv\u00e9e de Marrakech","ror":"https://ror.org/04v0tn392","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276102"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamal El Karroumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Private University of Marrakesh, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8574-2426","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Private University of Marrakesh, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072513558","display_name":"Hicham Chatoui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4707-1645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4707-1645"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hicham Chatoui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health, Ministry of Health, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4707-1645","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health, Ministry of Health, Morocco","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5156340889","display_name":"Abdelilah El Abbassi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119856527","display_name":"Cadi Ayyad University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6nm78","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelilah El Abbassi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"191","last_page":"208"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12758","display_name":"Saffron Plant Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12758","display_name":"Saffron Plant Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11319","display_name":"Curcumin's Biomedical Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1313","display_name":"Molecular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saffron","display_name":"saffron","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuropsychiatric-symptoms","display_name":"neuropsychiatric symptoms","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crocin","display_name":"crocin","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crocetin","display_name":"crocetin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safranal","display_name":"safranal","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monoamine-oxidase-inhibition","display_name":"monoamine oxidase inhibition","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotransmitter-reuptake","display_name":"neurotransmitter reuptake","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor","display_name":"brain-derived neurotrophic factor","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroprotection","display_name":"neuroprotection","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytochemicals","display_name":"phytochemicals","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antidepressant-effects","display_name":"antidepressant effects","score":0.8659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776024655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410867","display_name":"Monoamine oxidase","level":3,"score":0.6521999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779177272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76560","display_name":"Antidepressant","level":3,"score":0.6456000208854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25498285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981368","display_name":"Neuroprotection","level":2,"score":0.6079000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.573199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776219046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162657","display_name":"Neurotransmitter","level":3,"score":0.5648000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187714386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420225","display_name":"Monoamine neurotransmitter","level":4,"score":0.5546000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781350029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424919","display_name":"Safranal","level":3,"score":0.5475000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.510699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4797999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.41110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160539049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3064187","display_name":"Neurotrophic factors","level":3,"score":0.3952000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39398028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18028862","display_name":"Monoamine oxidase B","level":4,"score":0.37689998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195475562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639139","display_name":"Phytochemical","level":2,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778790584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123045","display_name":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor","level":4,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.31139999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910715078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162657","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","level":4,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776134090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47495783","display_name":"Selegiline","level":4,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017459112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162657","display_name":"Neurotransmitter systems","level":3,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775864247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167934","display_name":"Serotonin","level":3,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410352","display_name":"Gabapentin","level":3,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.26179999113082886}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-1365-8.ch007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1365-8.ch007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1365-8.ch007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463409","display_name":"IGI Global eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanoparticles Agents and Secondary Metabolites in Neurodegenerative Diseases","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2029303906","https://openalex.org/W2047909292","https://openalex.org/W2156411508","https://openalex.org/W2177527784","https://openalex.org/W2307524812","https://openalex.org/W2514380787","https://openalex.org/W2600751234","https://openalex.org/W2752730641","https://openalex.org/W2767375938","https://openalex.org/W2781915018","https://openalex.org/W2783421922","https://openalex.org/W2810300833","https://openalex.org/W3001331030","https://openalex.org/W3026504438","https://openalex.org/W3037491078","https://openalex.org/W3042630400","https://openalex.org/W3109023111","https://openalex.org/W3114533693","https://openalex.org/W3115795195","https://openalex.org/W3126240704","https://openalex.org/W3127430331","https://openalex.org/W3134388291","https://openalex.org/W4206370737","https://openalex.org/W4210267694","https://openalex.org/W4221019367","https://openalex.org/W4244435373","https://openalex.org/W4282961586","https://openalex.org/W4283157852","https://openalex.org/W4285521053","https://openalex.org/W4296248591","https://openalex.org/W4312056528","https://openalex.org/W4385584885","https://openalex.org/W4386765496","https://openalex.org/W4387004535","https://openalex.org/W4387229176","https://openalex.org/W4390709044","https://openalex.org/W4392820497","https://openalex.org/W4404841360"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388551128","https://openalex.org/W4413033930","https://openalex.org/W2491373221","https://openalex.org/W4411956498","https://openalex.org/W4412629762","https://openalex.org/W4221019367","https://openalex.org/W4413473897","https://openalex.org/W4410193038","https://openalex.org/W4404321552","https://openalex.org/W1950423950"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Parkinson's":[0],"disease":[1],"(PD)":[2],"is":[3,102],"often":[4],"accompanied":[5],"by":[6,43],"neuropsychiatric":[7,124],"symptoms,":[8],"including":[9],"mild":[10],"depression,":[11],"which":[12,39],"significantly":[13],"affect":[14],"patients'":[15],"quality":[16],"of":[17,99,108,113],"life.":[18],"Saffron":[19],"(Crocus":[20],"sativus":[21],"L.)":[22],"has":[23],"emerged":[24],"as":[25],"a":[26,105],"natural":[27],"therapeutic":[28,117],"option":[29],"due":[30],"to":[31,65,103],"its":[32,80,92,116],"bioactive":[33],"compounds":[34,60],"crocin,":[35],"crocetin,":[36],"and":[37,50,85,115,122],"safranal":[38],"exhibit":[40],"antidepressant":[41],"effects":[42],"inhibiting":[44],"monoamine":[45,88],"oxidase,":[46],"modulating":[47],"neurotransmitter":[48,83],"reuptake,":[49],"enhancing":[51],"brain-derived":[52],"neurotrophic":[53],"factor":[54],"(BDNF)":[55],"signaling.":[56],"Extracts":[57],"containing":[58],"these":[59],"have":[61],"shown":[62],"efficacy":[63],"comparable":[64],"conventional":[66],"antidepressants":[67],"in":[68,72,119,126],"alleviating":[69],"depression-related":[70],"symptoms":[71,125],"PD.":[73,127],"This":[74],"chapter":[75,101],"discusses":[76],"saffron's":[77,109],"neuroprotective":[78],"properties,":[79],"impact":[81],"on":[82],"systems,":[84],"interactions":[86],"with":[87],"oxidase":[89],"enzymes,":[90],"highlighting":[91],"potential":[93,118],"for":[94],"depression":[95,121],"management.":[96],"The":[97],"aim":[98],"this":[100],"provide":[104],"comprehensive":[106],"overview":[107],"phytochemical":[110],"composition,":[111],"mechanisms":[112],"action,":[114],"mitigating":[120],"related":[123]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-01-15T00:00:00"}