{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124166192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz61557.2025.11319624","title":"Terahertz Characterization of Graphite Anodes: Thickness, Density, and Porosity Analysis","display_name":"Terahertz Characterization of Graphite Anodes: Thickness, Density, and Porosity Analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124166192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz61557.2025.11319624"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/irmmw-thz61557.2025.11319624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz61557.2025.11319624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz61557.2025.11319624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607742","display_name":"International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 50th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050315884","display_name":"Faezeh Zarrinkhat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1500-2642","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1500-2642"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801542208","display_name":"TeraView (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00q0dz713","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801542208"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Zarrinkhat","raw_affiliation_strings":["TeraView Ltd,Cambridge,UK,CB25 9PD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TeraView Ltd,Cambridge,UK,CB25 9PD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801542208"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039144942","display_name":"Erdogan Guk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6198-2795","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6198-2795"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Guk","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082402033","display_name":"Geanina Apachitei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-3737","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-3737"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Apachitei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041910035","display_name":"Matthew J. Capener","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-9561","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-9561"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Capener","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027106493","display_name":"Philip Bellchambers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-5682","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-5682"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Bellchambers","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067942735","display_name":"Mona Faraji Niri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9087-5091","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9087-5091"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. F. Niri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104189696","display_name":"Alasdair Pentland","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801542208","display_name":"TeraView (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00q0dz713","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801542208"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Pentland","raw_affiliation_strings":["TeraView Ltd,Cambridge,UK,CB25 9PD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TeraView Ltd,Cambridge,UK,CB25 9PD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801542208"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058367288","display_name":"Philip F. Taday","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2182-4583","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2182-4583"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801542208","display_name":"TeraView (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00q0dz713","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801542208"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.F. Taday","raw_affiliation_strings":["TeraView Ltd,Cambridge,UK,CB25 9PD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TeraView Ltd,Cambridge,UK,CB25 9PD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801542208"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087748785","display_name":"James Marco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-0830","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-0830"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Marco","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick,Warwick Manufacturing Group,Coventry,UK,CV4 7AL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7256,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72387305,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10752","display_name":"Terahertz technology and applications","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10752","display_name":"Terahertz technology and applications","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10018","display_name":"Advancements in Battery Materials","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-sensing","display_name":"terahertz sensing","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphite-anode","display_name":"graphite anode","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lithium-ion-batteries","display_name":"lithium-ion batteries","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-refractive-index","display_name":"complex refractive index","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode-density","display_name":"electrode density","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode-porosity","display_name":"electrode porosity","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondestructive-characterization","display_name":"non-destructive characterization","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-control","display_name":"quality control","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mercury-intrusion-porosimetry","display_name":"mercury intrusion porosimetry","score":0.8339999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.8694999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6648577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669","display_name":"Porosity","level":2,"score":0.751800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42067758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174102","display_name":"Refractive index","level":2,"score":0.7156000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779698641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5309","display_name":"Graphite","level":2,"score":0.6614999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.6031000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5735999941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.5685999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89395315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181232","display_name":"Anode","level":3,"score":0.46149998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.4052000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3398999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77887725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157147","display_name":"Terahertz spectroscopy and technology","level":3,"score":0.3345000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60056205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691914","display_name":"Opacity","level":2,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.28060001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206755178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131271","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37649242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932268","display_name":"System of measurement","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/irmmw-thz61557.2025.11319624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz61557.2025.11319624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz61557.2025.11319624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607742","display_name":"International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 50th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317150","display_name":"Faraday Institution","ror":"https://ror.org/05dt4bt98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388040046","https://openalex.org/W4388040144","https://openalex.org/W4388040241","https://openalex.org/W4400720246","https://openalex.org/W4403182480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4411575164","https://openalex.org/W7164209044","https://openalex.org/W7161778742","https://openalex.org/W4404140627","https://openalex.org/W4403182480","https://openalex.org/W4413822141","https://openalex.org/W4399766772","https://openalex.org/W4388207543","https://openalex.org/W4388040144","https://openalex.org/W7166823591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"monitoring":[1],"of":[2,48,83,93,128],"battery":[3,147],"electrode":[4,87,130],"thickness,":[5],"density,":[6,115],"and":[7,14,63,74,89,107,149],"porosity":[8,137],"is":[9],"crucial":[10],"for":[11,29,40,51,145],"optimizing":[12],"performance":[13],"manufacturing":[15,148],"consistency.":[16],"Conventional":[17],"methods":[18],"often":[19],"involve":[20],"destructive":[21],"testing":[22],"or":[23],"complex":[24,90],"procedures,":[25],"limiting":[26],"their":[27,59],"suitability":[28],"in-line":[30,146],"monitoring.":[31],"Terahertz":[32],"(THz)":[33],"sensing":[34,123],"provides":[35],"a":[36,70,105,125],"non-destructive,":[37],"real-time":[38],"method":[39],"material":[41],"characterization.":[42],"This":[43],"study":[44],"investigates":[45],"the":[46,108],"use":[47],"THz":[49,99,122],"measurements":[50,138],"graphite":[52],"anodes,":[53],"which":[54],"present":[55],"challenges":[56],"due":[57],"to":[58],"high":[60],"refractive":[61,91,109],"index":[62,92,110],"strong":[64,112],"absorption.":[65],"To":[66],"address":[67],"these":[68],"challenges,":[69],"novel":[71],"sensor":[72],"design":[73],"advanced":[75],"analysis":[76],"algorithm":[77],"were":[78,96],"developed,":[79],"enabling":[80],"precise":[81],"detection":[82],"subtle":[84],"variations":[85],"in":[86],"properties.Thickness":[88],"four":[94],"anodes":[95],"measured":[97],"using":[98],"technology.":[100],"Thickness":[101],"was":[102],"validated":[103],"with":[104,114,118],"micrometer,":[106],"showed":[111],"correlation":[113],"aligning":[116],"well":[117],"offline":[119],"data.":[120],"Additionally,":[121],"provided":[124],"non-destructive":[126],"means":[127],"assessing":[129],"porosity.":[131],"Future":[132],"work":[133],"will":[134],"validate":[135],"THz-derived":[136],"through":[139],"mercury":[140],"porosimetry,":[141],"ensuring":[142],"its":[143],"reliability":[144],"quality":[150],"control.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-01-15T00:00:00"}
