{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124153249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18020221","title":"Hydrophobic Modification of Alginate Nanofibrous Membrane by Group IV Elements Ion Crosslinking","display_name":"Hydrophobic Modification of Alginate Nanofibrous Membrane by Group IV Elements Ion Crosslinking","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124153249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18020221","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41599517"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/polym18020221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18020221","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18020221","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/2/221/pdf?version=1768405107","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123288148","display_name":"Polymers","issn_l":"2073-4360","issn":["2073-4360"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/2/221/pdf?version=1768405107","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122306445","display_name":"Takuma Yamashita","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137975476","display_name":"Shinshu University","ror":"https://ror.org/0244rem06","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takuma Yamashita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano 386-8567, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano 386-8567, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122995537","display_name":"Toshihisa Tanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6272-8018","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6272-8018"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137975476","display_name":"Shinshu University","ror":"https://ror.org/0244rem06","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Toshihisa Tanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano 386-8567, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6272-8018","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano 386-8567, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5122995537"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":4.2828,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92591662,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"221","last_page":"221"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10313","display_name":"Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity","score":0.8187999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10313","display_name":"Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity","score":0.8187999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10729","display_name":"Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications","score":0.12520000338554382,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10197","display_name":"Membrane Separation Technologies","score":0.017500000074505806,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrophobic-modification","display_name":"hydrophobic modification","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-ion-crosslinking","display_name":"metal ion crosslinking","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-water-separation","display_name":"oil-water separation","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrospinning","display_name":"electrospinning","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyethylene-glycol","display_name":"polyethylene glycol","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wettability","display_name":"wettability","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylene-blue-adsorption","display_name":"methylene blue adsorption","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-chloride-crosslinking","display_name":"calcium chloride crosslinking","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biopolymer-membranes","display_name":"biopolymer membranes","score":0.6539999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.8568000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91129048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q594196","display_name":"Nanofiber","level":2,"score":0.7146999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6406000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144796933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1533542","display_name":"Electrospinning","level":3,"score":0.6345000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.6071000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6556556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899239","display_name":"Contact angle","level":2,"score":0.5613999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5458999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134514944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817136","display_name":"Wetting","level":2,"score":0.5267999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199164860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6822745","display_name":"Metal ions in aqueous solution","level":3,"score":0.4697999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778636629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422649","display_name":"Biopolymer","level":3,"score":0.454800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4316999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7645993","display_name":"Surface modification","level":2,"score":0.4178999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776299469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146262","display_name":"Polysulfone","level":3,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776964284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410083","display_name":"Polyethylene glycol","level":2,"score":0.39910000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190399342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145273","display_name":"Polyamide","level":2,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780017307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145863","display_name":"Polyethylene terephthalate","level":2,"score":0.3515999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184651966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906356","display_name":"Aqueous solution","level":2,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537181965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658","display_name":"Sodium","level":2,"score":0.3450999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.3359000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776866176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146368","display_name":"Polyvinyl chloride","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119394753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188245","display_name":"Polyester","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118039452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7643448","display_name":"Superhydrophilicity","level":3,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779732960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408510","display_name":"Chitosan","level":2,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778695967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44791900","display_name":"Chloride","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108586683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164826","display_name":"Self-healing hydrogels","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/polym18020221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18020221","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18020221","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/2/221/pdf?version=1768405107","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123288148","display_name":"Polymers","issn_l":"2073-4360","issn":["2073-4360"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41599517","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41599517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12846071","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12846071/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Polymers (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/polym18020221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18020221","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18020221","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/2/221/pdf?version=1768405107","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123288148","display_name":"Polymers","issn_l":"2073-4360","issn":["2073-4360"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Polymers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.886900007724762,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8271558284759521,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7124153249.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7124153249.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W324708191","https://openalex.org/W1561483156","https://openalex.org/W1980498973","https://openalex.org/W2010866284","https://openalex.org/W2010911619","https://openalex.org/W2020802757","https://openalex.org/W2021281937","https://openalex.org/W2035312234","https://openalex.org/W2035392699","https://openalex.org/W2056220769","https://openalex.org/W2057046337","https://openalex.org/W2058951084","https://openalex.org/W2059924580","https://openalex.org/W2067656063","https://openalex.org/W2090351339","https://openalex.org/W2091997912","https://openalex.org/W2134835131","https://openalex.org/W2143613388","https://openalex.org/W2251293103","https://openalex.org/W2342443804","https://openalex.org/W2348348399","https://openalex.org/W2488815739","https://openalex.org/W2560724047","https://openalex.org/W2582119086","https://openalex.org/W2604645777","https://openalex.org/W2672761463","https://openalex.org/W2755948512","https://openalex.org/W2761835026","https://openalex.org/W2765037773","https://openalex.org/W2795165373","https://openalex.org/W2795448790","https://openalex.org/W2888122319","https://openalex.org/W2896765396","https://openalex.org/W2900291059","https://openalex.org/W2950841846","https://openalex.org/W2970893896","https://openalex.org/W2971675298","https://openalex.org/W2981649498","https://openalex.org/W2986894083","https://openalex.org/W3011523709","https://openalex.org/W3024450304","https://openalex.org/W3027184081","https://openalex.org/W3034172541","https://openalex.org/W3082376137","https://openalex.org/W3107353005","https://openalex.org/W3136029618","https://openalex.org/W3146441902","https://openalex.org/W3202793600","https://openalex.org/W3206609716","https://openalex.org/W3216821415","https://openalex.org/W4220684681","https://openalex.org/W4285401202","https://openalex.org/W4295219476","https://openalex.org/W4384934584","https://openalex.org/W4385660617","https://openalex.org/W4390984478","https://openalex.org/W4391346173","https://openalex.org/W4392501607","https://openalex.org/W4398234304","https://openalex.org/W4408666534","https://openalex.org/W4412535634"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hydrophobic":[0],"nanofiber":[1,58,72,153],"membranes":[2,23,73,92,120],"derived":[3],"from":[4,131],"the":[5,53,57,90,101,114,148,159],"biopolymer":[6],"alginate":[7,28,152],"were":[8],"fabricated":[9],"by":[10,13,62],"electrospinning":[11],"followed":[12],"metal":[14,44,139],"ion":[15,50,140],"crosslinking,":[16],"and":[17,35,41,69,162],"their":[18],"potential":[19],"as":[20,60,158,165],"oil-water":[21,77,156],"separation":[22,78,157],"was":[24,30],"primarily":[25],"investigated.":[26],"Sodium":[27],"(SA)":[29],"co-electrospun":[31],"with":[32,79,155],"polyethylene":[33],"glycol":[34],"subsequently":[36],"crosslinked":[37],"using":[38],"calcium":[39],"chloride":[40],"group":[42],"IV":[43],"ions":[45],"(zirconium":[46],"or":[47],"titanium).":[48],"Metal":[49],"crosslinking":[51,115,141],"changed":[52],"surface":[54],"wettability":[55],"of":[56,103,151],"membranes,":[59,154],"confirmed":[61],"water":[63,81,88],"contact":[64],"angle":[65],"measurements.":[66],"Both":[67],"zirconium-":[68],"titanium-crosslinked":[70,119],"SA":[71],"exhibited":[74],"effective":[75],"gravity-driven":[76],"complete":[80],"blocking.":[82],"Although":[83],"hydrophobic":[84],"modification":[85],"reduced":[86],"direct":[87],"affinity,":[89],"resulting":[91],"retained":[93],"residual":[94],"adsorption":[95,109],"capability":[96],"toward":[97],"methylene":[98],"blue,":[99],"indicating":[100],"presence":[102],"accessible":[104],"internal":[105],"polar":[106],"sites.":[107],"The":[108],"behavior":[110],"varied":[111],"depending":[112],"on":[113],"ion.":[116],"In":[117],"addition,":[118],"showed":[121],"an":[122],"auxiliary":[123],"UV-assisted":[124],"dye":[125,163],"removal":[126],"contribution":[127],"under":[128],"irradiation,":[129],"arising":[130],"photoactive":[132],"Ti":[133],"species.":[134],"These":[135],"findings":[136],"demonstrate":[137],"that":[138],"provides":[142],"a":[143],"practical":[144],"route":[145],"for":[146],"tuning":[147],"functional":[149],"properties":[150],"primary":[160],"application":[161],"adsorption/photocatalysis":[164],"secondary":[166],"functionalities.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2026-01-15T00:00:00"}
