{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124138403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1079/ab.2026.0009","title":"Enhancing high-tunnel tomato productivity through nitrogen and phosphorus optimization in western Amhara, Ethiopia","display_name":"Enhancing high-tunnel tomato productivity through nitrogen and phosphorus optimization in western Amhara, Ethiopia","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124138403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1079/ab.2026.0009"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1079/ab.2026.0009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1079/ab.2026.0009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1079/ab.2026.0009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206712","display_name":"CABI Agriculture and Bioscience","issn_l":"2662-4044","issn":["2662-4044"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CABI Agriculture and Bioscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1079/ab.2026.0009","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095446064","display_name":"Yekoye Abebaw","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9460-2240","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9460-2240"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403386471","display_name":"Injibara University","ror":"https://ror.org/00nn2f254","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403386471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57092466","display_name":"Bahir Dar University","ror":"https://ror.org/01670bg46","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yekoye Abebaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University","Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Food and Climate Science, Injibara University P.O. Box 40"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9460-2240","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Food and Climate Science, Injibara University P.O. Box 40","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403386471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110511588","display_name":"Yohannes Fekadu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6796-7657","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6796-7657"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49595703","display_name":"Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01mhm6x57","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49595703"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yohannes Fekadu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49595703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125207555","display_name":"Dawit Tsegaye Sissay","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawit Tsegaye Sissay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethiopian Agricultural Transformation Institute (ATI)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethiopian Agricultural Transformation Institute (ATI)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034112656","display_name":"Enyew Adgo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57092466","display_name":"Bahir Dar University","ror":"https://ror.org/01670bg46","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enyew Adgo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Natural Resource Management, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 5501"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Natural Resource Management, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 5501","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110563589","display_name":"Melkamu Alemayehu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1080-2245","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1080-2245"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57092466","display_name":"Bahir Dar University","ror":"https://ror.org/01670bg46","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melkamu Alemayehu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5095446064"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403386471","https://openalex.org/I57092466"],"apc_list":{"value":1890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1890},"apc_paid":{"value":1890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1890},"fwci":2.5244,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81421149,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.9258000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.9258000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12754","display_name":"Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques","score":0.06369999796152115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12113","display_name":"Growth and nutrition in plants","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fertilization","display_name":"nitrogen fertilization","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphorus-fertilization","display_name":"phosphorus fertilization","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertilizer-dose-optimization","display_name":"fertilizer dose optimization","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomato-yield","display_name":"tomato yield","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-set","display_name":"fruit set","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-quality","display_name":"fruit quality","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-benefit","display_name":"net benefit","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-rate-of-return","display_name":"marginal rate of return","score":0.9670000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.7415000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510538283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674","display_name":"Phosphorus","level":2,"score":0.7249000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.6104000210762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5859000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.48649999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.38679999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169222746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116558","display_name":"Factorial experiment","level":2,"score":0.38119998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.32429999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985697011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economic analysis","level":2,"score":0.2508000135421753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1079/ab.2026.0009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1079/ab.2026.0009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1079/ab.2026.0009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206712","display_name":"CABI Agriculture and Bioscience","issn_l":"2662-4044","issn":["2662-4044"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CABI Agriculture and Bioscience","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1079/ab.2026.0009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1079/ab.2026.0009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1079/ab.2026.0009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206712","display_name":"CABI Agriculture and Bioscience","issn_l":"2662-4044","issn":["2662-4044"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CABI Agriculture and Bioscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4943999946117401,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2091160252","https://openalex.org/W2122874877","https://openalex.org/W2158752909","https://openalex.org/W2581902406","https://openalex.org/W2586478639","https://openalex.org/W2593811802","https://openalex.org/W2784501758","https://openalex.org/W2792099224","https://openalex.org/W2899255237","https://openalex.org/W2906364650","https://openalex.org/W3023267089","https://openalex.org/W3095003325","https://openalex.org/W3096516682","https://openalex.org/W3109372884","https://openalex.org/W3134763990","https://openalex.org/W3136141139","https://openalex.org/W3142800145","https://openalex.org/W3160228938","https://openalex.org/W3170289912","https://openalex.org/W3170666388","https://openalex.org/W3171119752","https://openalex.org/W3177120343","https://openalex.org/W3195565962","https://openalex.org/W3204591528","https://openalex.org/W3206660330","https://openalex.org/W4205535528","https://openalex.org/W4220872694","https://openalex.org/W4237595601","https://openalex.org/W4255044171","https://openalex.org/W4255092611","https://openalex.org/W4283661301","https://openalex.org/W4285336089","https://openalex.org/W4309210312","https://openalex.org/W4319780816","https://openalex.org/W4322503751","https://openalex.org/W4386964692","https://openalex.org/W4396674258","https://openalex.org/W4402996561","https://openalex.org/W4403102280","https://openalex.org/W7118601546"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3206660330","https://openalex.org/W4402996561","https://openalex.org/W2992272827","https://openalex.org/W4387188726","https://openalex.org/W2400270454","https://openalex.org/W4414215366","https://openalex.org/W7118601546","https://openalex.org/W7223185922","https://openalex.org/W2508617124","https://openalex.org/W4399493258"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],":":[2,63,122,244],"High-tunnel":[3],"tomato":[4,249,275],"production":[5,20,276],"technology":[6,12],"has":[7],"emerged":[8],"as":[9],"a":[10,101,263],"vital":[11],"in":[13,49,100,206,277],"western":[14],"Amhara,":[15],"Ethiopia,":[16],"to":[17,56,231],"address":[18],"the":[19,23,34,50,127,141,158,201,207,216,224,253,278],"challenges":[21],"during":[22],"rainy":[24],"season.":[25],"However,":[26],"its":[27],"productivity":[28,142,250],"is":[29,271],"low,":[30],"mainly":[31],"because":[32],"of":[33,36,39,69,84,130,143,148,215,257,266,268],"absence":[35],"recommended":[37,272],"rates":[38],"N":[40,58,77,131],"and":[41,52,59,74,81,89,110,115,132,194,210,251],"P":[42,60,92,133,137],"nutrients.":[43,61,218],"Therefore,":[44],"two-year":[45],"experiments":[46],"were":[47,113],"conducted":[48],"2023":[51],"2024":[53],"main":[54],"seasons":[55],"optimize":[57],"Methods":[62],"The":[64,123,145,219],"experiment":[65],"involved":[66],"four":[67,82],"levels":[68,83],"nitrogen":[70],"(0,":[71,86],"160,":[72],"320,":[73],"480":[75],"kg":[76,91,150,233],"ha":[78,96,151,180,187,234,260],"\u22121":[79,97,152,165,170,181,188,235,261],")":[80],"phosphorus":[85],"40,":[87],"80,":[88],"120":[90],"2":[93,154,237],"O":[94,155,238],"5":[95,156,239],"),":[98,182,189],"arranged":[99],"factorial":[102],"RCBD":[103],"with":[104,213,262],"three":[105],"replications.":[106],"Phenology,":[107],"growth,":[108],"yield,":[109],"quality":[111],"data":[112],"collected":[114],"analyzed":[116],"using":[117],"R":[118],"software":[119],"V.4.0.":[120],"Results":[121],"results":[124],"revealed":[125],"that":[126,223],"combined":[128,146],"application":[129,147],"fertilizers":[134],"significantly":[135],"(":[136],"<":[138],"0.01)":[139],"affected":[140],"tomato.":[144],"320/120":[149],"N/P":[153,236],"was":[157,204],"optimal":[159],"combination":[160,225,246],"for":[161,240,273],"flower":[162],"number":[163,168],"cluster":[164,169],"(7.71),":[166],"fruit":[167,172,190],"(6.27),":[171],"set":[173],"percentage":[174],"(81.15%),":[175],"marketable":[176],"yield":[177,184],"(88.21":[178],"tons":[179,186],"total":[183,195],"(90.71":[185],"firmness":[191],"(13.01":[192],"N),":[193],"soluble":[196],"solids":[197],"(4.37":[198],"\u00b0Brix).":[199],"Conversely,":[200],"lowest":[202],"performance":[203],"observed":[205],"untreated":[208],"plots":[209,211],"treated":[212],"either":[214],"two":[217],"regression":[220],"analysis":[221],"found":[222],"rate":[226,265],"can":[227],"be":[228],"extended":[229],"up":[230],"358/128":[232],"maximum":[241],"yield.":[242],"Conclusion":[243],"This":[245],"greatly":[247],"enhanced":[248],"provided":[252],"highest":[254],"net":[255],"benefit":[256],"3,506,745.00":[258],"ETB":[259],"marginal":[264],"return":[267],"2370.5%,":[269],"which":[270],"high-tunnel":[274],"study":[279],"area.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2026-01-15T00:00:00"}
