{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123626872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","title":"Healthcare utilization and costs in the first two years after heart failure diagnosis: an observational study by phenotype in southwestern Sweden","display_name":"Healthcare utilization and costs in the first two years after heart failure diagnosis: an observational study by phenotype in southwestern Sweden","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123626872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41530745"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12898181","display_name":"BMC Health Services Research","issn_l":"1472-6963","issn":["1472-6963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Health Services Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027757092","display_name":"Jason Davidge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2523-3148","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2523-3148"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Davidge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Capio V\u00e5rdcentral Halmstad, Halmstad, Sweden","Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capio V\u00e5rdcentral Halmstad, Halmstad, Sweden","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029835276","display_name":"Anders Halling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1035-7586","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1035-7586"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254354","display_name":"Region Halland","ror":"https://ror.org/01q8csw59","country_code":"SE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254354"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anders Halling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden","Department of Research and Development, Region Halland, Halmstad, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Development, Region Halland, Halmstad, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254354"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055933799","display_name":"Bj\u00f6rn Agvall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3956-6103","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3956-6103"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bj\u00f6rn Agvall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden. bjorn.agvall@med.lu.se"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden. bjorn.agvall@med.lu.se","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055933799"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"fwci":4.8238,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89541115,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"148","last_page":"148"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10198","display_name":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10198","display_name":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10821","display_name":"Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure","display_name":"heart failure","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-utilization","display_name":"health care utilization","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-costs","display_name":"health care costs","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure-phenotypes","display_name":"heart failure phenotypes","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure-with-reduced-ejection-fraction","display_name":"heart failure with reduced ejection fraction","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure-with-mildly-reduced-ejection-fraction","display_name":"heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure-with-preserved-ejection-fraction","display_name":"heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nt-probnp","display_name":"NT-proBNP","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-comorbidity","display_name":"cardiovascular comorbidity","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/length-of-hospital-stay","display_name":"length of hospital stay","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization-costs","display_name":"hospital costs","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ejection-fraction","display_name":"ejection fraction","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southwestern-sweden","display_name":"southwestern Sweden","score":0.859000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9275000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78085059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641303","display_name":"Ejection fraction","level":3,"score":0.8504999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778198053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754","display_name":"Heart failure","level":2,"score":0.7723000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73269764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954529","display_name":"Poisson regression","level":3,"score":0.6165000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.6133000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.5874999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.46219998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6964187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659256","display_name":"Indirect costs","level":2,"score":0.45829999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.44530001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164624739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754331","display_name":"Activity-based costing","level":2,"score":0.43209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4284000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.413100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127808970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q385989","display_name":"Bonferroni correction","level":2,"score":0.4101000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019354653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5690885","display_name":"Medical costs","level":3,"score":0.40959998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137992405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137608","display_name":"Health administration","level":3,"score":0.40630000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780877353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518253","display_name":"Health services research","level":3,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45827449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5270338","display_name":"Diagnosis code","level":3,"score":0.3531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874","display_name":"Comorbidity","level":2,"score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.3352999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778789114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235007","display_name":"Cardiac surgery","level":2,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524218345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31218","display_name":"Health economics","level":3,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.3095000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780040984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79785","display_name":"Electrocardiography","level":2,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777099384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3799239","display_name":"Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","level":4,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010342","descriptor_name":"Patient Acceptance of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010342","descriptor_name":"Patient Acceptance of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010446","descriptor_name":"Peptide Fragments","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010446","descriptor_name":"Peptide Fragments","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013318","descriptor_name":"Stroke Volume","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013318","descriptor_name":"Stroke Volume","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013548","descriptor_name":"Sweden","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013548","descriptor_name":"Sweden","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017048","descriptor_name":"Health Care Costs","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017048","descriptor_name":"Health Care Costs","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020097","descriptor_name":"Natriuretic Peptide, Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020097","descriptor_name":"Natriuretic Peptide, Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12898181","display_name":"BMC Health Services Research","issn_l":"1472-6963","issn":["1472-6963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Health Services Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41530745","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41530745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC health services research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c689c72df140425ead903afdbab174fc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c689c72df140425ead903afdbab174fc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Health Services Research, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:420106b0-c1ad-4042-ae5a-31ab64172625","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/420106b0-c1ad-4042-ae5a-31ab64172625","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 1472-6963","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12849546","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12849546/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Health Serv Res","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-026-14020-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S12898181","display_name":"BMC Health Services Research","issn_l":"1472-6963","issn":["1472-6963"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Health Services Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.7038165926933289,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321806","display_name":"Lunds Universitet","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1945012547","https://openalex.org/W1974113963","https://openalex.org/W2014320112","https://openalex.org/W2037027567","https://openalex.org/W2057490760","https://openalex.org/W2066161643","https://openalex.org/W2084756246","https://openalex.org/W2168048360","https://openalex.org/W2507930220","https://openalex.org/W2617287176","https://openalex.org/W2765533690","https://openalex.org/W2767473732","https://openalex.org/W2793948874","https://openalex.org/W2933240772","https://openalex.org/W2944687799","https://openalex.org/W2995953334","https://openalex.org/W2999210594","https://openalex.org/W3011721704","https://openalex.org/W3035042443","https://openalex.org/W3206000219","https://openalex.org/W4311686578","https://openalex.org/W4316589308","https://openalex.org/W4320086445","https://openalex.org/W4390496092"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AIM:":[0],"Assess":[1],"healthcare":[2,92],"utilization":[3,93],"and":[4,60,66,86,90,94,110,170,196,218,240,273,327],"direct":[5],"costs":[6,95,188,202,228],"for":[7,181,285,308,315],"heart":[8],"failure":[9],"(HF)":[10],"during":[11,96,100],"the":[12,117,176,226,230],"first":[13],"two":[14,314],"years":[15,31],"post-diagnosis":[16,99],"across":[17],"HF":[18,28,35,45,73,122],"subgroups.":[19],"METHODS:":[20],"This":[21],"retrospective":[22],"population-based":[23],"study":[24],"included":[25,84],"patients":[26,157,224],"with":[27,46,138,148,162,245],"aged":[29],"40\u201390":[30],"in":[32,193,198,229,251,312],"Region":[33],"Halland.":[34],"subgroups":[36,288],"were":[37,68,75,114,128,158,191,243],"defined":[38,62],"based":[39],"on":[40],"echocardiographic":[41],"ejection":[42,48,53,57,126],"fraction,":[43,127],"including":[44],"reduced":[47,52],"fraction":[49,54,58],"(HFrEF),":[50],"mildly":[51],"(HFmrEF),":[55],"preserved":[56],"(HFpEF),":[59],"no":[61],"phenotype":[63],"(HF-NDP).":[64],"NT-proBNP":[65,238],"comorbidities":[67,242],"analyzed":[69],"as":[70,259],"clinical":[71],"features.":[72],"phenotypes":[74,330],"identified":[76,129],"via":[77,130],"algorithmic":[78,131],"electronic":[79,134],"medical":[80,135],"records":[81],"analysis.":[82],"Data":[83],"primary":[85],"hospital":[87,150],"care":[88,323],"(inpatient":[89],"outpatient)":[91],"a":[97,234],"two-year":[98],"2015\u20132017.":[101],"Utilization":[102],"covered":[103],"visits":[104],"to":[105,208,212,216,221,290,331],"physicians,":[106],"nurses,":[107],"paramedical":[108],"staff,":[109],"inpatient":[111],"days.":[112],"Costs":[113,310],"estimated":[115],"using":[116],"Patient":[118],"Encounter":[119],"Costing":[120],"model.":[121],"phenotypes,":[123],"differentiated":[124],"by":[125],"analysis":[132],"of":[133,155,183,248],"records.":[136],"ANOVA":[137],"Bonferroni":[139],"correction":[140],"compared":[141,289],"subgroups;":[142],"Poisson":[143],"regression":[144],"assessed":[145],"factors":[146],"associated":[147,244],"longer":[149,246],"stays.":[151],"RESULTS:":[152],"A":[153],"total":[154,187],"1769":[156],"included:":[159],"472":[160],"(27%)":[161,172],"HFrEF,":[163,291],"318":[164],"(18%)":[165],"HFmrEF,":[166],"505":[167],"(28%)":[168],"HFpEF,":[169],"474":[171],"HF-NDP.":[173],"Hospitalizations":[174,303],"represented":[175],"largest":[177],"cost":[178],"component,":[179],"accounting":[180],"68%":[182],"first-year":[184,305],"expenditures.":[185],"Average":[186],"per":[189],"patient":[190],"\u20ac15,771":[192],"year":[194,199,255,280,313],"one":[195],"\u20ac7,459":[197],"two.":[200],"Subgroup-specific":[201],"declined":[203,311],"over":[204],"time:":[205],"HFrEF":[206,257],"(\u20ac18,682":[207],"\u20ac7,083),":[209],"HFpEF":[210,223,268,294,319,326],"(\u20ac17,052":[211],"\u20ac9,289),":[213],"HFmrEF":[214,262],"(\u20ac16,513":[215],"\u20ac7,946),":[217],"HF-NDP":[219,274],"(\u20ac11,009":[220],"\u20ac5,556).":[222],"incurred":[225],"highest":[227],"second":[231],"year,":[232],"indicating":[233],"sustained":[235],"burden.":[236,334],"Higher":[237],"levels":[239],"cardiovascular":[241],"lengths":[247],"stay":[249],"(LoS)":[250],"both":[252],"years.":[253],"In":[254],"one,":[256],"served":[258],"reference,":[260],"while":[261],"had":[263],"IRR":[264,269,275],"0.89":[265],"(95%":[266,271,277],"CI:0.88\u20130.93),":[267],"0.98":[270],"CI:0.94\u20131.01),":[272],"0.75":[276],"CI:0.72\u20130.79).":[278],"By":[279],"two,":[281],"LoS":[282],"risk":[283],"increased":[284],"all":[286,316],"other":[287,328],"most":[292],"notably":[293],"(IRR":[295],"1.81;":[296],"95%":[297],"CI:1.70\u20131.94;":[298],"p":[299],"<":[300],"0.001).":[301],"CONCLUSIONS:":[302],"drove":[304],"costs,":[306],"especially":[307],"HFrEF.":[309],"subgroups,":[317],"but":[318],"remained":[320],"highest.":[321],"Continuous":[322],"should":[324],"target":[325],"high-risk":[329],"reduce":[332],"long-term":[333]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}