{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123369382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62754/ais.v7i1.910","title":"Promoting Peace and Security in Mogadishu: An International Organizational Perspective","display_name":"Promoting Peace and Security in Mogadishu: An International Organizational Perspective","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123369382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62754/ais.v7i1.910"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.62754/ais.v7i1.910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62754/ais.v7i1.910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62754/ais.v7i1.910","pdf_url":"https://journals.ap2.pt/index.php/ais/article/download/910/611","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406982060","display_name":"Architecture Image Studies","issn_l":"2184-8645","issn":["2184-8645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Architecture Image Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://journals.ap2.pt/index.php/ais/article/download/910/611","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106601811","display_name":"Abdifatah Ahmed Ali Afyare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7411-5656","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7411-5656"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154936","display_name":"Salaam University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g7ez988","country_code":"SO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154936"]}],"countries":["SO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdifatah Afyare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics and Management, Salaam University, Somalia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics and Management, Salaam University, Somalia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122886810","display_name":"Abas Omar Hassan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802043524","display_name":"University of Somalia","ror":"https://ror.org/03dcjsm04","country_code":"SO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802043524"]}],"countries":["SO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abas Omar Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics and Management, Capital University of Somalia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics and Management, Capital University of Somalia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802043524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113372602","display_name":"Mohamed Abdukadir Mohamed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127735","display_name":"SIMAD University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dynh639","country_code":"SO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127735"]}],"countries":["SO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Abdukadir Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119293133","display_name":"Mohamed Yusuf Adan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-1358","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-1358"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110361","display_name":"Mogadishu University","ror":"https://ror.org/025zbpk71","country_code":"SO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110361"]}],"countries":["SO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Yusuf Adan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics, Mogadishu University, Mogadishu, Somalia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics, Mogadishu University, Mogadishu, Somalia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110361"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089826711","display_name":"Abdifatah A. Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802043524","display_name":"University of Somalia","ror":"https://ror.org/03dcjsm04","country_code":"SO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802043524"]}],"countries":["SO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdifatah Ahmed Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Education and Humanity, University of Somalia UNISO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education and Humanity, University of Somalia UNISO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802043524"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"732","last_page":"745"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12263","display_name":"Peacebuilding and International Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12263","display_name":"Peacebuilding and International Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12752","display_name":"Global Peace and Security Dynamics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-organizations","display_name":"international organizations","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peacebuilding","display_name":"peacebuilding","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peace-and-security","display_name":"peace and security","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mogadishu","display_name":"Mogadishu","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-conflict","display_name":"urban conflict","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragile-states","display_name":"fragile states","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-building","display_name":"state building","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liberal-institutionalism","display_name":"liberal institutionalism","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/un-peacekeeping","display_name":"UN peacekeeping","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intergovernmental-authority-on-development","display_name":"IGAD","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-governmental-organizations","display_name":"non-governmental organizations","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-reconciliation","display_name":"political reconciliation","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-ownership","display_name":"local ownership","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-coordination","display_name":"international coordination","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanitarian-aid","display_name":"humanitarian aid","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/development-projects","display_name":"development projects","score":0.41499999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/funding-mechanisms","display_name":"financial mechanisms","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-inclusion","display_name":"local inclusion","score":0.44200000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781395907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632158","display_name":"Peacebuilding","level":2,"score":0.7071999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183761623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10954043","display_name":"Peacekeeping","level":2,"score":0.6277999877929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.521399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34355311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166542","display_name":"International relations","level":3,"score":0.47690001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152864","display_name":"Grounded theory","level":3,"score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4706999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776831955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13275","display_name":"Somali","level":2,"score":0.47040000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4632999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4325999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.40389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79165680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1280151","display_name":"Security studies","level":2,"score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779683958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640893","display_name":"Conflict management","level":2,"score":0.35269999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3402000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.33640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776310101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1524235","display_name":"Global governance","level":3,"score":0.31869998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509929229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3312693","display_name":"International security","level":2,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779449393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302285","display_name":"Human security","level":2,"score":0.3066999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147887874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16252774","display_name":"Institutional theory","level":2,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776503585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172301","display_name":"Institutionalism","level":3,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779872411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1774161","display_name":"International community","level":3,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778847159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q730099","display_name":"New institutionalism","level":3,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780862976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1574593","display_name":"Conflict transformation","level":2,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777162435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399774","display_name":"Political violence","level":3,"score":0.26919999718666077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.62754/ais.v7i1.910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62754/ais.v7i1.910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62754/ais.v7i1.910","pdf_url":"https://journals.ap2.pt/index.php/ais/article/download/910/611","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406982060","display_name":"Architecture Image Studies","issn_l":"2184-8645","issn":["2184-8645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Architecture Image Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.62754/ais.v7i1.910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62754/ais.v7i1.910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62754/ais.v7i1.910","pdf_url":"https://journals.ap2.pt/index.php/ais/article/download/910/611","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406982060","display_name":"Architecture Image Studies","issn_l":"2184-8645","issn":["2184-8645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Architecture Image Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5142999887466431}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7123369382.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7123369382.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022160957","https://openalex.org/W2158616796","https://openalex.org/W2781615508","https://openalex.org/W2901199631","https://openalex.org/W3170736156","https://openalex.org/W4223657540","https://openalex.org/W4308807303","https://openalex.org/W4366991495","https://openalex.org/W4387567733"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6930728429","https://openalex.org/W3126302898","https://openalex.org/W4380287950","https://openalex.org/W7162026734","https://openalex.org/W4250253661","https://openalex.org/W4411713027","https://openalex.org/W653584301","https://openalex.org/W4402900809","https://openalex.org/W2805020504","https://openalex.org/W565451976"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,65,285,300,339,423],"examines":[2],"the":[3,57,96,109,132,177,194,284,338,389,403,409],"critical":[4],"Promoting":[5],"Peace":[6],"and":[7,25,44,62,80,88,101,114,157,164,171,182,184,221,233,251,279,312,327,357,360,369,384,402,447],"Security":[8],"in":[9,18,50,68,137,210,230,265,309,347,380,388,425,436],"Mogadishu:":[10],"An":[11],"International":[12],"Organizational":[13],"Perspective,addressing":[14],"a":[15,51,118,127,139,190,208,306],"significant":[16,273],"gap":[17],"localized":[19],"research":[20,34,142,372],"on":[21,94,377],"their":[22],"effectiveness,":[23],"challenges,":[24,275],"operational":[26,274],"dynamics":[27],"within":[28],"this":[29,422],"fragile":[30,392],"urban":[31,381],"context.":[32],"The":[33,187,418],"seeks":[35],"to":[36,41,47,130,175,203,239,321,354,366,428],"understand":[37],"how":[38,76],"IOs":[39,77,136,304,353],"contribute":[40],"stabilization":[42],"efforts":[43,238],"identify":[45],"barriers":[46],"sustainable":[48,316],"peace":[49,183,317],"city":[52],"that":[53,293,302,441],"has":[54],"long":[55],"been":[56],"epicenter":[58],"of":[59,99,111,135,193,196,391,405,421],"both":[60],"conflict":[61,82,100,382],"international":[63,180],"intervention.The":[64],"is":[66],"grounded":[67],"three":[69,341],"key":[70,342],"theoretical":[71,386],"frameworks.":[72],"Liberal":[73],"Institutionalism":[74],"explains":[75],"foster":[78,252],"cooperation":[79],"reduce":[81],"through":[83,160],"structured":[84,161],"platforms":[85],"for":[86,120,411],"dialogue":[87],"joint":[89],"action.":[90],"Peacebuilding":[91],"Theory":[92,107],"focuses":[93],"addressing":[95],"root":[97,247],"causes":[98],"promoting":[102],"social":[103],"reconciliation,":[104],"while":[105,303],"State-building":[106],"emphasizes":[108],"importance":[110],"constructing":[112],"legitimate":[113],"capable":[115],"institutions":[116],"as":[117,216,262,397],"foundation":[119],"long-term":[121,237,363],"stability.":[122],"Together,":[123],"these":[124,336],"theories":[125,432],"provide":[126],"robust":[128],"lens":[129],"analyze":[131],"multifaceted":[133],"interventions":[134,181],"Mogadishu.":[138],"quantitative":[140],"correlational":[141],"design":[143],"was":[144],"employed,":[145],"with":[146,296,414,433],"data":[147,399],"collected":[148],"from":[149,200],"172":[150],"respondents":[151],"representing":[152],"IOs,":[153],"Somali":[154],"government":[155],"officials,":[156],"local":[158,325,345,406],"communities":[159],"questionnaires.":[162],"Descriptive":[163],"inferential":[165],"statistical":[166],"analyses,":[167],"including":[168,276],"Pearson\u2019s":[169],"correlation":[170],"ANOVA,":[172],"were":[173,227,257],"used":[174],"evaluate":[176],"relationship":[178],"between":[179],"security":[185],"outcomes.":[186],"methodology":[188],"ensured":[189],"systematic":[191],"assessment":[192],"impact":[195],"various":[197],"IO":[198,211,378],"initiatives,":[199],"peacekeeping":[201,218],"missions":[202],"development":[204,358],"programs.Key":[205],"findings":[206],"reveal":[207],"dichotomy":[209],"effectiveness.":[212],"Short-term":[213],"interventions,":[214],"such":[215,396],"UN":[217,244],"(72.1%":[219],"approval)":[220,250,270],"AU":[222],"military":[223],"operations":[224],"(75.6%":[225],"approval),":[226],"highly":[228],"successful":[229],"reducing":[231],"violence":[232,311],"enhancing":[234,344],"security.":[235],"However,":[236,394],"address":[240,335],"governance":[241],"deficits":[242],"(e.g.,":[243],"programs":[245],"targeting":[246],"causes:":[248],"60.5%":[249],"political":[253],"reconciliation":[254],"(AU:":[255],"58.1%)":[256],"less":[258],"impactful.":[259],"NGOs":[260,368],"emerged":[261],"indispensable":[263],"actors":[264],"grassroots":[266],"service":[267],"delivery":[268],"(78.5%":[269],"but":[271],"faced":[272],"funding":[277,364],"shortages":[278],"access":[280],"restrictions":[281],"(74.4%).":[282],"Additionally,":[283],"highlighted":[286],"coordination":[287,351],"gaps,":[288,337],"particularly":[289],"IGAD\u2019s":[290],"regional":[291],"strategies":[292],"sometimes":[294],"misaligned":[295],"Mogadishu\u2019s":[297],"immediate":[298],"priorities.The":[299],"concludes":[301],"play":[305],"pivotal":[307],"role":[308],"mitigating":[310],"delivering":[313],"humanitarian":[314,356],"aid,":[315],"remains":[318],"elusive":[319],"due":[320],"fragmented":[322],"strategies,":[323],"limited":[324],"ownership,":[326],"persistent":[328],"structural":[329],"challenges":[330],"like":[331],"Al-Shabaab\u2019s":[332],"insurgency.":[333],"To":[334],"recommends":[340],"actions:":[343],"inclusion":[346],"peacebuilding":[348,431],"processes,":[349],"improving":[350],"among":[352],"align":[355],"efforts,":[359],"adopting":[361],"flexible,":[362],"mechanisms":[365],"support":[367],"state-building":[370],"initiatives.The":[371],"contributes":[373],"valuable":[374],"empirical":[375],"evidence":[376],"effectiveness":[379],"zones":[383],"validates":[385],"frameworks":[387],"context":[390],"states.":[393],"limitations":[395],"security-related":[398],"collection":[400],"constraints":[401],"underrepresentation":[404],"voices":[407],"suggest":[408],"need":[410],"further":[412],"studies":[413],"broader":[415],"community":[416],"engagement.":[417],"original":[419],"value":[420],"lies":[424],"its":[426],"ability":[427],"bridge":[429],"macro-level":[430],"micro-level":[434],"realities":[435],"Mogadishu,":[437],"offering":[438],"context-specific":[439],"insights":[440],"can":[442],"inform":[443],"more":[444],"effective":[445],"policies":[446],"interventions.":[448]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}
