{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123358094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","title":"Frequency-Domain Permittivity Extraction Method for Soil Samples by Free-Space Measurements","display_name":"Frequency-Domain Permittivity Extraction Method for Soil Samples by Free-Space Measurements","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123358094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2025.3650137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85738991","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","issn_l":"0018-926X","issn":["0018-926X","1558-2221"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320753","host_organization_name":"IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320753","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052901264","display_name":"U\u011fur Cem Hasar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6098-7762","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6098-7762"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59738393","display_name":"Gaziantep University","ror":"https://ror.org/020vvc407","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59738393"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ugur C. Hasar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6098-7762","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59738393"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046616541","display_name":"H\u00fcseyin Korkmaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-1943","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-1943"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59738393","display_name":"Gaziantep University","ror":"https://ror.org/020vvc407","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59738393"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huseyin Korkmaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-1943","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59738393"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59738393"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01775615,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11851","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permittivity-extraction","display_name":"permittivity extraction","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-permittivity","display_name":"soil permittivity","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-space-measurement","display_name":"free-space measurement","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/de-embedding","display_name":"de-embedding","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-band","display_name":"X-band","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain-measurement","display_name":"time-domain measurement","score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/objective-function","display_name":"objective function","score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration-error","display_name":"calibration error","score":0.3490000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.7685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164884","display_name":"Container (type theory)","level":2,"score":0.6934999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168651791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211569","display_name":"Permittivity","level":3,"score":0.6916000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6316999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4837000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50516716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877107","display_name":"Soil test","level":3,"score":0.47609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4659000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13760523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027242","display_name":"Relative permittivity","level":4,"score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.3817000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23531484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196863","display_name":"Calibration curve","level":3,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137209882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1403517","display_name":"Measurement uncertainty","level":2,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202799725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272035","display_name":"Accuracy and precision","level":2,"score":0.3027999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170814935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4751159","display_name":"Analytical technique","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778576202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2540164","display_name":"Sample preparation","level":2,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019060180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automated method","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122383733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865920","display_name":"Approximation error","level":2,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018395757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379672","display_name":"Evaluation methods","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192885726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4751128","display_name":"Analytic element method","level":3,"score":0.25600001215934753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85738991","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","issn_l":"0018-926X","issn":["0018-926X","1558-2221"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320753","host_organization_name":"IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320753","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2025.3650137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85738991","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","issn_l":"0018-926X","issn":["0018-926X","1558-2221"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320753","host_organization_name":"IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320753","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7126118625","https://openalex.org/W4410582856","https://openalex.org/W2162747093","https://openalex.org/W3210172569","https://openalex.org/W4206091681","https://openalex.org/W2582474713","https://openalex.org/W4213427849","https://openalex.org/W2783108751","https://openalex.org/W2070056241","https://openalex.org/W4313525670"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"frequency-domain":[1],"de-embedding":[2],"extraction":[3],"methodology":[4,27],"is":[5,94],"proposed":[6],"for":[7,101,130],"relative":[8],"permittivity":[9],"\u03b5rsdetermination":[10],"of":[11,54,63,82,112],"soil":[12,115],"samples":[13,116],"poured":[14],"into":[15],"a":[16,58],"container":[17,56,67],"using":[18],"time-gated":[19],"free-space":[20],"measurements.":[21],"Different":[22],"from":[23,43],"previous":[24],"works,":[25],"this":[26],"has":[28],"the":[29,55,66,80],"following":[30],"unique":[31,75],"features.":[32],"First,":[33],"it":[34,48,73],"uses":[35],"calibration-independent":[36],"algorithm,":[37],"thereby":[38],"eliminating":[39],"calibration":[40,45],"errors":[41],"arising":[42],"improper":[44],"standards.":[46],"Second,":[47],"does":[49],"not":[50],"require":[51],"exact":[52],"location":[53],"with":[57],"sample,":[59],"thus":[60],"giving":[61],"flexibility":[62],"freely":[64],"locating":[65],"anywhere":[68],"between":[69],"reference":[70],"planes.":[71],"Third,":[72],"retrieves":[74],"and":[76,119,127,132],"ripple-free":[77],"\u03b5rsowing":[78],"to":[79,89,96],"implementation":[81],"time-gating":[83],"procedure.":[84],"Objective":[85],"functions":[86],"are":[87,122],"derived":[88],"facilitate":[90],"\u03b5rsdetermination.":[91],"Numerical":[92],"analysis":[93],"implemented":[95],"validate":[97],"whether":[98],"one":[99],"solution":[100],"\u03b5rsis":[102],"feasible.":[103],"Free-space":[104],"measurements":[105],"at":[106],"X-band":[107],"(8.2":[108],"\u2212":[109],"12.4":[110],"GHz)":[111],"two":[113],"different":[114,125],"were":[117],"performed,":[118],"their":[120],"\u03b5rsvalues":[121],"extracted":[123],"by":[124],"frequency-":[126],"time-domain":[128],"methods":[129],"validation":[131],"accuracy":[133],"comparison.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}