{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123347888","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6063238","title":"Do GLP-1 Medications Pay for Themselves?","display_name":"Do GLP-1 Medications Pay for Themselves?","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123347888","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6063238"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.6063238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6063238","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6063238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6063238","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000665508","display_name":"Coady Wing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0033-7562","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0033-7562"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Coady Wing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University","Indiana University, 107 S Indiana Ave, 100 South Woodlawn, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University, 107 S Indiana Ave, 100 South Woodlawn, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122908619","display_name":"Sih-Ting Cai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388446366","display_name":"Indiana University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/03eftgw80","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4388446366","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sih-Ting Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University","Indiana University, Human-Centered Computing Department, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engine, Indianapolis, IN, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University, Human-Centered Computing Department, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engine, Indianapolis, IN, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446366","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017342154","display_name":"Daniel W. Sacks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7976-0488","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7976-0488"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Sacks","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Madison","University of Wisconsin-Madison, 716 Langdon Street, Madison, WI 53706-1481, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, 716 Langdon Street, Madison, WI 53706-1481, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088495469","display_name":"Kosali Ilayperuma Simon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3231-1466","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3231-1466"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kosali Simon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University","Indiana University, 107 S Indiana Ave, 100 South Woodlawn, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University, 107 S Indiana Ave, 100 South Woodlawn, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000665508"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.364300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.364300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.2612000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.1826000064611435,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glp-1-receptor-agonists","display_name":"GLP-1 receptor agonists","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semaglutide","display_name":"semaglutide","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-pricing","display_name":"drug pricing","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-offsets","display_name":"cost offsets","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-costs","display_name":"health care costs","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity-treatment","display_name":"obesity treatment","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-treatment","display_name":"diabetes treatment","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease","display_name":"cardiovascular disease","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-insurance-claims","display_name":"health insurance claims","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outpatient-care","display_name":"outpatient care","score":0.7329999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6575999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776207758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5303302","display_name":"Downstream (manufacturing)","level":2,"score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4499000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.4440999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.44369998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524218345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31218","display_name":"Health economics","level":3,"score":0.423799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983635472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334911","display_name":"Health insurance","level":3,"score":0.3901999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018838755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Medical care","level":2,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.38109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.32359999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.3140999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780958618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q945621","display_name":"Average cost","level":2,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018080189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Health care cost","level":3,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6806635","display_name":"Medicare Part D","level":4,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020096462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43183","display_name":"Private insurance","level":4,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100480397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7836899","display_name":"Treatment and control groups","level":2,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019354653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5690885","display_name":"Medical costs","level":3,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778858636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643563","display_name":"Prescription drug","level":3,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333508","display_name":"Economic impact analysis","level":2,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127454912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942582","display_name":"Cost\u2013benefit analysis","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910862244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7240896","display_name":"Drug prices","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454688","display_name":"Cost reduction","level":2,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018122547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5690813","display_name":"Health benefits","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020318244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4812187","display_name":"Large sample","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124306116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2512965","display_name":"Ambulatory care","level":3,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.6063238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6063238","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6063238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.6063238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6063238","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6063238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8560000061988831,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7172302600","https://openalex.org/W7166157713","https://openalex.org/W7163696331","https://openalex.org/W4415550265","https://openalex.org/W4415397280","https://openalex.org/W7171862634","https://openalex.org/W7117130192","https://openalex.org/W4411289030","https://openalex.org/W4390928550","https://openalex.org/W7214968263"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}