{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7122396532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32664/icobits.v1.15","title":"Parental Psychographics, Perceived Value, and Brand Prestige as Determinants of Student Loyalty in Private Primary-Secondary Schools in Makassar","display_name":"Parental Psychographics, Perceived Value, and Brand Prestige as Determinants of Student Loyalty in Private Primary-Secondary Schools in Makassar","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7122396532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32664/icobits.v1.15"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.32664/icobits.v1.15","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32664/icobits.v1.15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32664/icobits.v1.15","pdf_url":"https://icobits.ubhinus.ac.id/index.php/ICoBITS/article/download/15/165","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407055032","display_name":"ICoBITS","issn_l":"3110-7176","issn":["3110-7176"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405275169","host_organization_name":"Universitas Bhinneka Nusantara","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275169"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICoBITS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://icobits.ubhinus.ac.id/index.php/ICoBITS/article/download/15/165","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057707777","display_name":"Hardy Hardy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275190","display_name":"Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro","ror":"https://ror.org/0341wqp78","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hardy Hardy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122748123","display_name":"Mashur Razak","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275190","display_name":"Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro","ror":"https://ror.org/0341wqp78","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mashur Razak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro , Jl. Prof. Abdurahman Basalamah No. 101 , Karampuang , Panakkukang District , Makassar City , South Sulawesi 90231"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro , Jl. Prof. Abdurahman Basalamah No. 101 , Karampuang , Panakkukang District , Makassar City , South Sulawesi 90231","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122761633","display_name":"Verawaty","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275190","display_name":"Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro","ror":"https://ror.org/0341wqp78","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Verawaty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro , Jl. Prof. Abdurahman Basalamah No. 101 , Karampuang , Panakkukang District , Makassar City , South Sulawesi 90231"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro , Jl. Prof. Abdurahman Basalamah No. 101 , Karampuang , Panakkukang District , Makassar City , South Sulawesi 90231","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070577476","display_name":"Rachman Suwandaru","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275190","display_name":"Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro","ror":"https://ror.org/0341wqp78","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachman Suwandaru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro , Jl. Prof. Abdurahman Basalamah No. 101 , Karampuang , Panakkukang District , Makassar City , South Sulawesi 90231"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro , Jl. Prof. Abdurahman Basalamah No. 101 , Karampuang , Panakkukang District , Makassar City , South Sulawesi 90231","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045594463","display_name":"Dhita Pratiwi Ar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7836-0004","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7836-0004"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275190","display_name":"Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro","ror":"https://ror.org/0341wqp78","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhita Pratiwi Ar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro , Jl. Prof. Abdurahman Basalamah No. 101 , Karampuang , Panakkukang District , Makassar City , South Sulawesi 90231"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Bisnis dan Keuangan Nitro , Jl. Prof. Abdurahman Basalamah No. 101 , Karampuang , Panakkukang District , Makassar City , South Sulawesi 90231","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275190"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00990165,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"96","last_page":"107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10154","display_name":"Customer Service Quality and Loyalty","score":0.9276999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10154","display_name":"Customer Service Quality and Loyalty","score":0.9276999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10145","display_name":"Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification","score":0.035599999129772186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14244","display_name":"Consumer Behavior and Marketing Influence","score":0.024700000882148743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-loyalty","display_name":"parental loyalty","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychographics","display_name":"psychographics","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-value","display_name":"perceived value","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brand-prestige","display_name":"brand prestige","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-schools","display_name":"private schools","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-and-secondary-schools","display_name":"primary and secondary schools","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-reputation","display_name":"school reputation","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-commitment","display_name":"parental commitment","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/makassar","display_name":"Makassar","score":0.5059999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778329345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919978","display_name":"Prestige","level":2,"score":0.6385999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6326000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5291000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192481860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14566736","display_name":"Psychographic","level":2,"score":0.5134999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4896000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776967331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132131","display_name":"Loyalty","level":2,"score":0.47040000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.3977999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3853999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.3790999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.3781000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3725000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23213687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q301468","display_name":"Consumer behaviour","level":2,"score":0.3531999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3425999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780144342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900653","display_name":"Brand loyalty","level":2,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.33320000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777591371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17511757","display_name":"Brand relationship","level":3,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778638050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421252","display_name":"Explanatory model","level":2,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1925442","display_name":"Common-method variance","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.32664/icobits.v1.15","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32664/icobits.v1.15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32664/icobits.v1.15","pdf_url":"https://icobits.ubhinus.ac.id/index.php/ICoBITS/article/download/15/165","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407055032","display_name":"ICoBITS","issn_l":"3110-7176","issn":["3110-7176"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405275169","host_organization_name":"Universitas Bhinneka Nusantara","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275169"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICoBITS","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.icobits.ubhinus.ac.id:article/15","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://icobits.ubhinus.ac.id/index.php/index/article/view/15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407055032","display_name":"ICoBITS","issn_l":"3110-7176","issn":["3110-7176"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405275169","host_organization_name":"Universitas Bhinneka Nusantara","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275169"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3110-7176","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.32664/icobits.v1.15","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32664/icobits.v1.15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32664/icobits.v1.15","pdf_url":"https://icobits.ubhinus.ac.id/index.php/ICoBITS/article/download/15/165","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407055032","display_name":"ICoBITS","issn_l":"3110-7176","issn":["3110-7176"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405275169","host_organization_name":"Universitas Bhinneka Nusantara","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275169"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICoBITS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7122396532.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7122396532.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018962458","https://openalex.org/W2046752514","https://openalex.org/W4246301527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3178585147","https://openalex.org/W2944627655","https://openalex.org/W4397020926","https://openalex.org/W7218526381","https://openalex.org/W4417149279","https://openalex.org/W3159662716","https://openalex.org/W7167463744","https://openalex.org/W3129933178","https://openalex.org/W4280619780","https://openalex.org/W7216131515"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,85,99,157,177,196],"increasing":[1],"competition":[2],"among":[3],"private":[4,49,201],"schools":[5,53,202],"in":[6,12,54,164],"Indonesia":[7],"has":[8],"created":[9],"new":[10],"challenges":[11],"attracting":[13],"and":[14,26,51,63,72,82,115,133,155,174,190,210],"maintaining":[15],"parental":[16,165,220],"loyalty.":[17,156],"Understanding":[18],"how":[19],"parents\u2019":[20,44,103,181],"psychological":[21],"characteristics":[22],"shape":[23],"their":[24],"perceptions":[25],"loyalty":[27,47,182],"behavior":[28],"is":[29,199],"therefore":[30],"essential":[31],"for":[32],"sustainable":[33],"educational":[34,208],"management.":[35],"This":[36],"study":[37],"aims":[38],"to":[39,193,217],"examine":[40],"the":[41,57,151,162],"influence":[42,143],"of":[43,60,161,187],"psychographics":[45,104,154],"on":[46],"toward":[48],"primary":[50],"secondary":[52],"Makassar,":[55],"with":[56],"mediating":[58],"roles":[59],"perceived":[61,107,125,205],"value":[62,108,126,206],"brand":[64,116,134,212],"prestige.":[65],"A":[66],"quantitative":[67],"explanatory":[68],"approach":[69],"was":[70],"applied,":[71],"data":[73,86],"were":[74,87],"collected":[75],"from":[76,184],"254":[77],"parents":[78],"using":[79,89],"structured":[80],"online":[81],"paper-based":[83],"questionnaires.":[84],"analyzed":[88],"Structural":[90],"Equation":[91],"Modeling\u2013Partial":[92],"Least":[93],"Squares":[94],"(SEM-PLS)":[95],"through":[96,207,214],"SmartPLS":[97],"4.0.":[98],"results":[100],"show":[101],"that":[102,180,200],"significantly":[105],"affect":[106],"(\u03b2":[109,118,127,136],"=":[110,119,128,137],"0.41,":[111],"p":[112,121,130,139],"<":[113,122,131,140],"0.001)":[114,132,141],"prestige":[117,135,213],"0.39,":[120],"0.001).":[123],"Both":[124],"0.32,":[129],"0.45,":[138],"positively":[142],"loyalty,":[144,166],"while":[145],"these":[146],"two":[147],"variables":[148],"partially":[149],"mediate":[150],"relationship":[152],"between":[153],"model":[158],"explains":[159],"59%":[160],"variance":[163],"confirming":[167],"a":[168,185],"dual-path":[169],"mediation":[170],"mechanism:":[171],"rational":[172,188],"(value-based)":[173],"emotional":[175,191],"(prestige-based).":[176],"findings":[178],"suggest":[179],"arises":[183],"combination":[186],"evaluations":[189],"attachment":[192],"school":[194],"reputation.":[195],"practical":[197],"implication":[198],"should":[203],"enhance":[204],"quality":[209],"strengthen":[211],"reputation":[215],"management":[216],"foster":[218],"long-term":[219],"commitment":[221]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-01-13T00:00:00"}