{"id":"https://openalex.org/W71208667","doi":null,"title":"Work-Home Role Conflict in Female Owners of Small Businesses: An Exploratory Study","display_name":"Work-Home Role Conflict in Female Owners of Small Businesses: An Exploratory Study","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W71208667","mag":"71208667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:71208667","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-8854585/work-home-role-conflict-in-female-owners-of-small","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78792899","display_name":"Journal of Small Business Management","issn_l":"0047-2778","issn":["0047-2778","0447-2778","1540-627X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Small Business Management","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000279370","display_name":"Charles R. Stoner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles R. Stoner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035223945","display_name":"Richard I. Hartman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard I. Hartman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038852192","display_name":"Raj Arora","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raj Arora","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1935,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":162,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96467685,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"1","first_page":"30","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10722","display_name":"Work-Family Balance Challenges","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10722","display_name":"Work-Family Balance Challenges","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14220","display_name":"Workaholism, burnout, and well-being","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-family-conflict","display_name":"work-family conflict","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-entrepreneurs","display_name":"women entrepreneurs","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-owned-small-businesses","display_name":"women-owned small businesses","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sole-proprietorship","display_name":"sole proprietorship","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-pressure","display_name":"time pressure","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-satisfaction","display_name":"job satisfaction","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-satisfaction","display_name":"business satisfaction","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marital-satisfaction","display_name":"marital satisfaction","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-size","display_name":"family size","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-satisfaction","display_name":"life satisfaction","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-worth","display_name":"self-worth","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-hours","display_name":"working hours","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-size","display_name":"firm size","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-roles","display_name":"gender roles","score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-life-balance","display_name":"work-life balance","score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-the-workforce","display_name":"women in the workforce","score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-politics","display_name":"women in politics","score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-the-military","display_name":"women in the military","score":0.5690000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6497689485549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.5351831316947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777973936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1109680","display_name":"Small business","level":2,"score":0.4929680824279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.45292580127716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.42117026448249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.41823810338974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.41428619623184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4016438126564026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.3704862594604492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.28060945868492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2083001434803009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2049744725227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:71208667","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-8854585/work-home-role-conflict-in-female-owners-of-small","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78792899","display_name":"Journal of Small Business Management","issn_l":"0047-2778","issn":["0047-2778","0447-2778","1540-627X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Small Business Management","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.7307999730110168,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2075954545","https://openalex.org/W2044734326","https://openalex.org/W2168487237","https://openalex.org/W4385225819","https://openalex.org/W2017905675","https://openalex.org/W2036989506","https://openalex.org/W6912360750","https://openalex.org/W4403065610","https://openalex.org/W4229712906","https://openalex.org/W1936389701"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"WORK-HOME":[0],"ROLE":[1],"CONFLICT":[2],"IN":[3],"FEMALE":[4],"OWNERS":[5],"OF":[6,299],"SMALL":[7],"BUSINESSES:":[8],"AN":[9],"EXPLORATORY":[10],"STUDY*":[11],"A":[12],"critical":[13,316],"problem":[14],"faced":[15],"by":[16,81,106,238],"female":[17,143,221,239,419,547],"entrepreneurs":[18,548],"is":[19,79,206,369,376,387,398],"the":[20,44,48,68,82,90,98,115,125,162,200,212,231,245,269,285,340,356,402,503,510],"tension":[21,32],"that":[22,180,195,324,394,480,529],"exists":[23],"between":[24,109],"their":[25,494],"personal":[26,288],"lives":[27],"and":[28,50,73,111,154,191,214,271,282,287,296,312,329,334,337,358,383,389,416,425,440,477,497,526],"career":[29],"pursuits.(1)":[30],"This":[31],"may":[33,549],"be":[34,379,517,550],"viewed":[35],"as":[36,366],"a":[37,175,313],"form":[38],"of":[39,65,76,85,93,100,133,137,203,216,233,247,260,268,273,284,291,303,315,339,360,404,445,455,461,472,512],"interrole":[40],"conflict":[41,129,140,172,219,236,305,397,448,468,484],"in":[42,58,67,179,209,278,309,493],"which":[43],"role":[45,60,139,166,171,218,235,347,362,396,437,447,467,523,541],"pressures":[46,352],"from":[47,531],"work":[49,372],"home":[51,382],"domain":[52],"are":[53,186,196,342,490],"incompatible.(2)":[54],"In":[55,96,427,505],"short,":[56],"involvement":[57,66],"one":[59],"becomes":[61],"more":[62,367,459,465],"difficult":[63],"because":[64],"other":[69],"role.(3)":[70],"The":[71,135,168,321],"social":[72],"psychological":[74],"significance":[75],"this":[77,204,226,253],"topic":[78],"enhanced":[80],"continued":[83],"growth":[84,91],"female-owned":[86],"firms":[87],"relative":[88],"to":[89,207,251,378,381,401,429,502,507,516],"rate":[92],"male-owned":[94],"firms.(4)":[95],"fact,":[97],"number":[99,272,314,403],"women-owned":[101],"non-farm":[102,121],"sole":[103,122],"proprietorships":[104,123],"increased":[105],"62":[107],"percent":[108,117],"1980":[110],"1986,":[112],"far":[113],"outstripping":[114],"41":[116],"increase":[118],"among":[119],"all":[120],"over":[124],"same":[126],"period.":[127],"Work-home":[128],"literature":[130,173],"suggests":[131],"points":[132],"concern.(5)":[134],"extent":[136,232,359],"work-home":[138,165,217,234,304,346,361,395,436,466,522,540],"for":[141,220,449,486,546],"contemporary":[142],"business":[144,156,223,241,263,421],"owners":[145],"has":[146,174],"received":[147],"little":[148,500],"attention.":[149],"To":[150],"date,":[151],"most":[152],"entrepreneurial":[153],"small":[155,222,240,420],"studies":[157,391,411],"have":[158,306,318,392,412],"not":[159,413],"fully":[160],"explored":[161],"variables":[163,249,344],"influencing":[164],"conflict.":[167,254,348,363,438,524],"existing":[169],"work-family":[170,446],"distinctive":[176],"non-entrepreneurial":[177],"slant,":[178],"it":[181],"deals":[182],"with":[183,418],"women":[184,487],"who":[185],"employees":[187],"rather":[188],"than":[189,469],"owner/managers,":[190],"often":[192],"employs":[193],"samples":[194],"predominently":[197],"male.":[198],"Accordingly,":[199],"general":[201],"purpose":[202],"study":[205,227],"probe,":[208],"greater":[210],"depth,":[211],"content":[213],"nature":[215],"owners.":[224,242,422],"Specifically,":[225],"will:":[228],"1.":[229],"Identify":[230],"experienced":[237,464],"2.":[243],"Determine":[244],"impact":[246],"relevant":[248],"expected":[250],"affect":[252],"These":[255],"include:":[256],"business-related":[257],"factors":[258,276,289],"(number":[259],"hours":[261,405],"worked,":[262],"satisfaction,":[264,294,332,336],"perceived":[265,539],"financial":[266],"health":[267],"business,":[270],"employees);":[274],"family-related":[275],"(happiness":[277],"marriage,":[279],"marital":[280,333],"status,":[281],"size":[283,328,338,433],"family);":[286],"(perception":[290],"self-worth,":[292],"life":[293,335],"education,":[295],"age).":[297],"REVIEW":[298],"LITERATURE":[300],"General":[301],"issues":[302],"been":[307,319],"addressed":[308],"previous":[310,390],"research,":[311],"relationships":[317],"noted.":[320],"findings":[322],"indicate":[323],"time":[325,368,375,430,501],"pressures,":[326,431],"family":[327,384,432,508,513,532,544],"support,":[330],"job":[331],"firm":[341],"important":[343,519],"affecting":[345,521],"Time":[349,351],"Pressures":[350],"bear":[353],"prominently":[354],"on":[355,371],"level":[357],"Quite":[364],"naturally,":[365],"spent":[370],"roles,":[373],"less":[374],"available":[377],"devoted":[380],"roles.":[385],"It":[386],"expected,":[388],"reported,":[393],"positively":[399],"related":[400],"worked":[406],"per":[407],"week.(6)":[408],"Yet":[409],"these":[410],"dealt":[414],"specifically":[415],"exclusively":[417],"Family":[423],"Size":[424],"Support":[426],"addition":[428,506],"also":[434],"affects":[435],"Keith":[439],"Schafer":[441],"reported":[442,528],"higher":[443],"levels":[444],"larger":[450],"families.(7)":[451],"Not":[452],"surprisingly,":[453],"parents":[454,471],"younger":[456],"children":[457],"(presumably":[458],"demanding":[460],"parental":[462],"time)":[463],"did":[470],"older":[473],"children.(8)":[474],"However,":[475],"Beutell":[476],"Greenhaus":[478],"noted":[479],"large":[481],"families":[482],"produce":[483],"primarily":[485],"whose":[488],"husbands":[489],"highly":[491],"involved":[492],"own":[495],"careers,":[496],"thereby":[498],"devote":[499],"family.(9)":[504],"size,":[509],"degree":[511],"support":[514,530,545],"appears":[515],"an":[518],"factor":[520],"Holahan":[525],"Gilbert":[527],"members":[533],"can":[534],"help":[535],"reduce":[536],"or":[537],"relieve":[538],"conflict.(10)":[542],"Yet,":[543],"limited.":[551],"\u2026":[552]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
