{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7120177322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","title":"Constraining Surface Velocity Estimations of Debris-Covered Glaciers in Eastern Hellas, Mars, with a New 3D SHARAD Radargram","display_name":"Constraining Surface Velocity Estimations of Debris-Covered Glaciers in Eastern Hellas, Mars, with a New 3D SHARAD Radargram","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7120177322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","pdf_url":"https://essopenarchive.org/doi/pdf/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://essopenarchive.org/doi/pdf/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006912652","display_name":"Roberto J. Aguilar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0943-6364","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0943-6364"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Aguilar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0943-6364","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082721431","display_name":"J. W. Holt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1314-7848","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1314-7848"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Holt","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1314-7848","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036942764","display_name":"M. L. Perry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302918504","display_name":"Planetary Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05vvg9554","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Perry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Planetary Science Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Planetary Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045020606","display_name":"Fritz Foss","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302918504","display_name":"Planetary Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05vvg9554","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fritz Foss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Planetary Science Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Planetary Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028124145","display_name":"G. A. Morgan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-8736","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-8736"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302918504","display_name":"Planetary Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05vvg9554","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gareth Morgan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Planetary Science Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-8736","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Planetary Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103987331","display_name":"Aaron T. Russell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302918504","display_name":"Planetary Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05vvg9554","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aaron Russell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Planetary Science Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Planetary Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035843202","display_name":"Paul C. Sava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7813-598X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7813-598X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167576493","display_name":"Colorado School of Mines","ror":"https://ror.org/04raf6v53","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Sava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado School of Mines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado School of Mines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167576493"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074129317","display_name":"M. B. Russell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5720-558X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5720-558X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302918504","display_name":"Planetary Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05vvg9554","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Megan Russell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Planetary Science Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5720-558X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Planetary Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088987866","display_name":"F. C. Chuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8290-7930","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8290-7930"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302918504","display_name":"Planetary Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05vvg9554","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Chuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Planetary Science Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8290-7930","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Planetary Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017299183","display_name":"M. S. Christoffersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-2177","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5328-2177"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Christoffersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015078487","display_name":"Bruce Allan Campbell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0428-8692","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0428-8692","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-4859"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103187081","display_name":"Smithsonian Institution","ror":"https://ror.org/01pp8nd67","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103187081"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce Campbell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smithsonian Center for Earth and Planetary Studies"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0428-8692","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smithsonian Center for Earth and Planetary Studies","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103187081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009755868","display_name":"Nathaniel E. Putzig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4485-6321","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4485-6321"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302918504","display_name":"Planetary Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05vvg9554","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathaniel Putzig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Planetary Science Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Planetary Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302918504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033054229","display_name":"Tyler M. Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7200-0419","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7200-0419"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tyler Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington University in St Louis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7200-0419","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University in St Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058083978","display_name":"S. Nerozzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1236-535X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1236-535X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Nerozzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debris-covered-glaciers","display_name":"debris-covered glaciers","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mars","display_name":"Mars","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basal-topography","display_name":"basal topography","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-velocity","display_name":"ice velocity","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-stress","display_name":"driving stress","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viscous-flow","display_name":"viscous flow","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-rheology","display_name":"ice rheology","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-temperature","display_name":"ice temperature","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amazonian-period","display_name":"Amazonian period","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mars-climate-sounder","display_name":"Mars Climate Sounder","score":0.7979999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.8356000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100834320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35666","display_name":"Glacier","level":2,"score":0.7233999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81820708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2540532","display_name":"Ice stream","level":4,"score":0.49779999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107018473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52120","display_name":"Glaciology","level":4,"score":0.49570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83260615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6773121","display_name":"Mars Exploration Program","level":2,"score":0.48820000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122523270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34027","display_name":"Latitude","level":2,"score":0.4634999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987395694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557891","display_name":"Feature tracking","level":3,"score":0.41679999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197435368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493109","display_name":"Cryosphere","level":3,"score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.36640000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3646000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.35019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104932425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2116384","display_name":"Glacier morphology","level":5,"score":0.3296999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123750103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12599","display_name":"Ice sheet","level":2,"score":0.3237999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15739521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q602963","display_name":"Glacial period","level":2,"score":0.31150001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16335420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18205270","display_name":"Antarctic sea ice","level":4,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.2851000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018601724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27862396","display_name":"Water equivalent","level":3,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992404166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878077","display_name":"Ice caps","level":3,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.2711000144481659}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","pdf_url":"https://essopenarchive.org/doi/pdf/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","pdf_url":"https://essopenarchive.org/doi/pdf/10.22541/essoar.176804990.00263595/v1","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7120177322.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7120177322.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7140232808","https://openalex.org/W2154271053","https://openalex.org/W2993933840","https://openalex.org/W2139407666","https://openalex.org/W3140539062","https://openalex.org/W4322007389","https://openalex.org/W3037878664","https://openalex.org/W3015020428","https://openalex.org/W7112508575","https://openalex.org/W2168142301"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Debris-covered":[0],"glaciers":[1],"(DCGs)":[2],"are":[3],"viscous":[4],"flow":[5,41,50,167,232,293,321,361],"features":[6],"found":[7],"in":[8,21,96,114,172,250,256],"the":[9,22,28,33,36,39,49,62,83,97,100,106,115,118,148,173,178,235,259,282,305,319,337,359],"middle":[10],"latitudes":[11],"of":[12,86,99,105,117,129,144,237,258,277,294,308,316,339,352,354,369],"Mars":[13],"that":[14,265,286],"preserve":[15],"ice":[16,29,40,67,166,179,184,198,231,270,284,314,367],"accumulated":[17],"during":[18],"obliquity":[19],"changes":[20],"Amazonian.":[23],"Previous":[24],"studies":[25,334],"have":[26,81,335],"estimated":[27,281],"precipitation":[30],"rates":[31],"at":[32,151,365],"massifs\u2014around":[34],"which":[35,134,301],"DCGs":[37,107],"formed\u2014and":[38],"velocities":[42,255],"required":[43],"to":[44,112,123,160,181,187,193,205,243,290,304,330],"form":[45],"these":[46,136],"deposits":[47],"using":[48,343],"law":[51],"proposed":[52],"by":[53],"Goldsby":[54],"and":[55,64,69,103,141,164,190,203,210,216,227,230,253,274,346],"Kohlstedt":[56],"(2001).":[57],"This":[58],"modeling":[59,171],"depends":[60],"on":[61,73],"surface":[63,90,292,320,360],"basal":[65,84,101,145],"slope,":[66,204],"thickness,":[68],"rheology.":[70],"Studies":[71],"based":[72],"Shallow":[74],"Radar":[75],"(SHARAD,":[76],"15\u201325":[77],"MHz)":[78],"2D":[79],"profiles":[80],"reconstructed":[82],"topography":[85,146,276],"DCGs.":[87],"However,":[88,333],"off-nadir":[89],"reflectors":[91],"(\u201cclutter\u201d)":[92],"often":[93],"create":[94],"ambiguities":[95],"interpretation":[98],"interface,":[102],"portions":[104],"cannot":[108],"be":[109,267,288,323,363],"imaged":[110],"due":[111],"limitations":[113],"geometry":[116],"spacecraft":[119],"ground":[120],"tracks.":[121],"Thanks":[122],"a":[124,298,326,349,355],"new":[125,140],"3D":[126],"SHARAD":[127],"volume":[128],"Eastern":[130],"Hellas":[131],"(29\u00b0S-61\u00b0S,":[132],"94\u00b0E-114\u00b0E),":[133],"overcomes":[135],"limitations,":[137],"we":[138,176],"obtained":[139,221],"detailed":[142],"constraints":[143],"for":[147,201,213],"DCG":[149,260],"complex":[150,261],"Euripus":[152],"Mons":[153],"(Figure":[154,246],"1:":[155],"45\u00b0S,":[156],"105\u00b0E),":[157],"allowing":[158],"us":[159],"calculate":[161],"driving":[162,222,251],"stresses":[163,223,252],"model":[165],"velocities.":[168],"Following":[169],"previous":[170],"same":[174],"region,":[175],"set":[177,196],"density":[180],"921":[182],"kg/m\u00b3,":[183],"grain":[185],"size":[186],"2":[188],"mm,":[189],"dust":[191],"content":[192],"1%.":[194],"We":[195,220,280],"present-day":[197],"temperature,":[199],"adjusted":[200],"latitude":[202],"199":[206],"K,":[207,209,212,318],"201":[208],"203":[211],"poleward-,":[214],"westward-,":[215],"equatorward-facing":[217],"lobes,":[218],"respectively.":[219],"ranging":[224,240],"from":[225],"36":[226],"67":[228],"kPa,":[229],"velocities,":[233],"along":[234],"centerlines":[236],"each":[238,278],"lobe,":[239],"between":[241],"0.1":[242],"0.5":[244],"mm/yr":[245],"1).":[247],"The":[248],"difference":[249],"ice-flow":[254],"lobes":[257],"suggests":[262],"local":[263,275],"heterogeneities":[264],"could":[266],"associated":[268],"with":[269],"accumulation,":[271],"debris":[272],"input,":[273],"lobe.":[279],"minimum":[283,327],"temperature":[285,315,368],"would":[287,322,362],"needed":[289],"detect":[291],"lobe":[295],"6":[296],"over":[297],"20-year":[299],"period,":[300],"is":[302],"close":[303],"operational":[306],"lifetime":[307],"HiRISE":[309],"(25":[310],"cm/px).":[311],"With":[312,348],"an":[313,366],"222":[317],"detectable":[324,364],"assuming":[325],"detectability":[328,350],"equal":[329],"one":[331],"pixel.":[332],"demonstrated":[336],"potential":[338],"sub-pixel":[340],"motion":[341],"detection":[342],"precise":[344],"orthorectification":[345],"registration.":[347],"threshold":[351],"one-third":[353],"pixel":[356],"(8":[357],"cm),":[358],"213":[370],"K.":[371]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-01-10T00:00:00"}